The majority of adult prisons in the United States are located in ________ areas.
a. urban
b. suburban
c. municipal
d. rural
_______________________are directly concerned with furthering the institution’s
goals. They have direct contact with the prisoners. Such personnel include the custody
force, industry and agricultural supervisors, counselors, and medical technicians.
a. Professional staff
b. Line personnel
c. Prison consultants
d. Administrative staff
Prison disorder, including riots, staff murders, escapes, and inmate homicides, is more
rare today than in the 1970s and 1980s.
a. True
b. False
Who is ultimately responsible for the operation of the institution?
a. warden
b. captain
c. deputy warden
d. program manager
The ___________ system is a system in which jail operations are funded by a set
amount paid per day for each inmate held.
a. pay
b. lease
c. fee
d. provider
Those who support intermediate sanctions and community corrections must address
three problems in order for the programs to be successful. Which of the following is
NOT one of those problems?
a. Community support for intermediate sanctions must increase.
b. The government must respond to the need for better alternatives.
c. The resistance to placing offenders in less restrictive options must be overcome.
d. The purpose of intermediate sanctions must be clarified.
The crime rate today is _________ it was in 1973, the year prison populations first
began to grow.
a. nearly the same as
b. 50 percent greater than
c. half as high as
d. twice as high as
The most common form of prison violence in America is ____________ violence.
a. prisoner”prisoner
b. prisoner”officer
c. officer”prisoner
d. officer”officer
Felony courts hear about 90 percent of all criminal cases.
a. True
b. False
With respect to inmate grievances, it is believed that the most difficult type of situation
to resolve is ____________.
a. inmate possession of a weapon
b. inmate-on-inmate rape
c. inmate possession of drugs
d. brutality by an officer
According to the text, the central purpose of the early jail was
a. the warehousing of the surplus population of immigrants.
b. detention of those sentenced by the court.
c. to make sure those accused of a crime would show up for their trials.
d. to inflict short-term punishment (for example, corporal punishment) on the offender.
Inmates who have maxed out are released
a. unconditionally
b. with conditions
c. to a local jail
d. only if they completed treatment
Prison construction is not an explanation for the increased rate of incarceration in the
United States.
a. True
b. False
What role does Jake have in the above scenario?
a. legal assistance
b. ombudsman
c. judge
d. special investigator
Inmate Ness files a suit alleging her constitutional rights were violated because she was
only given once choice of shoes to wear while in prison. She states this is unjust
punishment because the shoes are ugly and uncomfortable. A committee at the
institution determines that inmate Ness’ rights were not violated. Inmate Ness is not
satisfied with this and demands a third party become involved.
What right is inmate Ness alleging is being violated?
a. Eighth Amendment (cruel and unusual punishment)
b. First Amendment (freedom of religion)
c. clear and present danger factor
d. right to personal expression
One of the most widely used new intermediate sanctions for juvenile offenders is
a. boot camp.
b. house arrest.
c. community work service.
d. cognitive-skills programming.
Defendants who are regarded as dangerous or likely to commit crimes while awaiting
trial are kept in jail for society’s protection under preventive detention.
a. True
b. False
Race is the best predictor of recidivism.
a. True
b. False
The sanction the court imposed on Nick is known as the
a. disposition.
b. sentence.
c. conviction.
d. consequence.
Inmates who are gleaning try to take advantage of prison programs to better themselves
and improve their prospects for success after release.
a. True
b. False
Between 1200 and 1827, English common law________________.
a. discriminated against the upper social classes
b. strove for equality in all matters
c. discriminated solely against monks, nuns, and priests
d. discriminated in favor of the upper social classes
Jails are the entryway to corrections.
a. True
b. False
PSIs disallow victim impact statements describing their emotional and financial losses
due to the offender’s action.
a. True
b. False
Administrative control theory is a prison governance theory that states that, for a prison
system to operate effectively, officials must tolerate minor infractions, relax security
measures, and allow inmate leaders to keep order.
a. True
b. False
What will Agent Smith use to monitor Jodi’s abstinence from the use of heroin?
a. urinalysis
b. gut feel
c. self-reporting by Jodi
d. DNA testing
Staff attorneys, inmate lawyers, and law school clinics are examples of
a. legal assistance
b. mediation
c. ombudsman
d. juries
The compelling state interest test is the current standard for the analysis of not only
prisoners’ First Amendment claims but other constitutional claims as well.
a. True
b. False
Aside from physical injury, an attack by an inmate on an officer can later compromise
an officer’s _____________, which can often leave administrators with no other choice
than to transfer the officer to tower duty.
a. reliability
b. integrity
c. authority
d. power
Ike served time in a system where he was held in isolation at night but worked in the
worked in the workshop during the day.
What system was Ike sentenced under?
a. congregate system
b. community-corrections model
c. medical model
d. segregation system
The organizational structure of correctional institutions has changed very little over
time.
a. True
b. False
The medical model of probation was popular in which of the following time periods?
a. the 1920s through 1930s
b. the 1980s through 1990s
c. the 1940s through 1960s
d. the 1970s through 1980s
Sentencing guidelines are an instrument used by judges in some jurisdictions as a
means of determining what a typical sentence should be for a particular crime based on
a previously determined sentencing range.
a. True
b. False
Only state governments and federal governments, not local governments, implement
parole.
a. True
b. False
In 1984 the ________ authorized holding allegedly dangerous defendants without bail
for what has become known as preventive detention.
a. Comprehensive Crime Control Act
b. Statutory Crime Control Act
c. Federal Crime Control Act
d. Congressional Crime Control Act
Most state-level inmates in the United States are housed in maximum-security prisons.
a. True
b. False
Research shows that ______________ sexual abuse is linked to HIV/AIDS risk-taking
behavior among female prisoners.
In recent years, the concept of __________ deserts has become popular.
The standard currency in the prison economy is _______________.
Discuss the distinct issues facing imprisoned mothers and their children. Why are these
issues important? Describe the types of programming that exist for imprisoned mothers.
Discuss problems and issues associated with such programming.
Answer:N/A
The ability to obtain compliance by manipulating symbolic rewards is known as
_________ power.
In terms of construction quality, prisons are built to _____________, and many are still
in use today.
During the 1960s-1970s many states built prisons and converted them into correctional
_______________.
The text sites eight criteria used to make parole decisions. List four of these and explain
why each is considered when determining if an offender is ready for release.
Answer:N/A
___________ is intervention in a dispute by a third party where those in conflict submit
their differences for resolution; the decision (in the correctional setting) is binding on
both parties.
Upon entering a correctional institution, a prisoner surrenders most of his or rights to
______________.
List and explain the five major reasons why US prison populations have increased over
the past twenty years.
Answer:N/A
Define the term parole. What is its intended purpose? Briefly chronicle the development
of the American practice of parole. Be sure to include the explanation of its historical
roots in Europe, including those responsible for its inception, how and where it was first
instituted in the United States, and during what time period.
Answer:N/A
Most states define inmates over the age of ___________ as elderly.
List and explain the three models of incarceration that have been prominent during the
past five decades. Also, be sure to identify in what time period each model was most
strongly advocated. Which model is most frequently used today and why?
Answer:N/A
List and explain two similarities and two differences between state and federal prison
systems. Also, explain two similarities and two differences between the offenders
housed in each system.
Answer:N/A
Today’s probation officers have a number of _____________ tools available to help
supervise probationers.