Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham were proponents of which major goal of
punishment?
a. incapacitation
b. deterrence
c. retribution
d. rehabilitation
Juveniles tend to commit crimes
a. in groups.
b. alone.
c. at night.
d. on the weekends.
Formal constraints, the legal conditions of probation, whether standard, punitive, or
treatment, are set by the ________ or are written into law.
a. probation officer
b. parole board
c. court
d. prosecution
According to Barbara Owen’s study of inmates in the Central California Women’s
Facility, the vast majority of inmates try to avoid ________, which is described as
behavior that can bring trouble and conflict with staff and other inmates, ultimately
resulting in loss of good time or time in administrative segregation.
a. “the life”
b. “the nonsense”
c. “the mix”
d. “the drama”
Austin and Abby were incarcerated for ten years for a crime they committed at the age
of eighteen. At the age of fifty, the conviction was removed from Austin’s record per
court order. The governor also excused Abby’s offense.
How was the conviction removed from Austin’s record?
a. expungement
b. expiration
c. decay
d. dissolvement
Sentencing disparities occur when no justification is given for imposing very different
penalties on offenders with similar criminal histories who have commit the same
offense.
a. True
b. False
A set of rules of conduct that reflects the values and norms of the prison society is
referred to as the__________________.
a. inmate chain
b. inmate perspective
c. inmate command
d. inmate code
By the end of the 1970s, federal judges had imposed changes on prisons and jails in
every state.
a. True
b. False
What role is Kim performing in the above scenario?
a. ombudsman
b. prosecutor
c. warden
d. special investigator
Which of the following is NOT considered to be one of the three basic steps carried out
by the probation officer during his or her supervisory role?
a. The officer and offender establish goals to help the offender comply with the
conditions of release.
b. Based on the offender’s response to supervision, the officer decides how to terminate
probation.
c. The officer establishes a relationship with the offender and defines the role of the
offender and officer.
d. The officer creates periodic progress reports to be given to the sentencing judge.
The combination of factors that federal courts examine to see if conditions or events
constitute cruel and unusual punishment are referred to as
a. totality of conditions.
b. totality of the circumstances.
c. clear and present danger.
d. compelling state interest.
When Americans are asked to identify the two or three most serious problems facing
children, they cite
a. school and peers.
b. drugs and peers.
c. drugs and crime.
d. peers and mental health.
Correctional searches can be done with the intent to humiliate or degrade the inmate.
a. True
b. False
_____________________ theory states that prison disorder results from unstable,
divided, or otherwise weak management.
a. Administrative-control
b. Officer-balance
c. Prisoner-control
d. Inmate-balance
The term ____________ refers to services provided to juveniles after they have been
placedremoved from their homes and put under some form of custodial supervision.
a. aftercare
b. diversion
c. waiver
d. aversion
“Natural life” means there is no possibility for parole.
a. True
b. False
Attracting, motivating, and __________outstanding personnel is key to an effective
correctional system.
a. promoting
b. recognizing
c. rewarding
d. retaining
Female offenders rarely need drug treatment.
a. True
b. False
In 1870 the National Prison Association held its historical meeting in what US city? It
was during this meeting that the famous Declaration of Principles was proposed.
a. Philadelphia
b. New York
c. Boston
d. Cincinnati
Mental illness does not differ by race, age, or gender.
a. True
b. False
Roughly one out of five people released on bail before their court date is rearrested
before the trial.
a. True
b. False
Mentally ill prisoners pose challenges for correctional professionals because they are
more likely to be involved in _____________ than other inmates.
a. Fights
b. Gangs
c. Education
d. Programming
________________ supervision will likely continue to grow in popularity.
a. Group-oriented
b. Non-technological based
c. Specialization of
d. Decreased reliance on
Joe is incarcerated in a new prison. Although in prison, he is able to walk outside from
building to building to attend school, go to dinner, and recreate. A fence provides the
appropriate level of security.
What style of prison is Joe most likely incarcerated in?
a. campus
b. maximum
c. telephone pole
d. open
It is estimated that one out of every five probationers in the United States today has
committed a ___________ crime resulting in their current probation.
a. drug
b. violent
c. misdemeanor
d. hate
In Roper v. Simmons, the Supreme Court established the minimum age of sixteen for
capital punishment cases.
a. True
b. False
The warden normally reports to the governor.
a. True
b. False
Fourth-Amendment rights cover prison cells.
a. True
b. False
Jordan was most likely placed in
a. foster care.
b. a juvenile detention center.
c. a treatment center.
d. protective custody.
Long term inmates are more youthful than those sentenced before the get-tough era.
a. True
b. False
The __________ strategy refers to a plan of doing nothing in regard to prison
overcrowding, simply because it is assumed the problem is temporary and will
disappear in time.
Four alternatives to litigation appear in correctional systems to solve problems before
an inmate feels compelled to file ____________.
_________ is a sum of money that the offender must pay either to the victim or to a
public fund for crime victims.
Define evidence-based practice as it relates to probation. List and explain the four most
important characteristics associated with successful probation programs. How does this
practice affect the work of probation officers?
Answer:N/A
Because correctional personnel work with ______________, its central technologies
should involve interpersonal communication and influence.
Only ____________ are released on parole.
Probation is an alternative to ________________.
Sentencing guidelines have helped to shift discretion from the judge to the
___________.
The purpose of the case plan is to prescribe a combination of activities and reporting
features that are based on the ____________ of the probationer.
Privately conducted PSIs have sparked __________________.
Jeremy Bentham, eighteenth-century English law reformer and social activist, sought to
change criminal law so that it emphasized the punishment goal of ___________,
meaning that prevention, not vengeance, should be emphasized to change a person’s
behavioral patterns.
Prisoner _____________ argue that not all elderly prisoners should remain incarcerated
for the rest of their life.
In the adult system, guilt is determined at a trial. In the juvenile system, guilt is
determined at a _________________.
Rooted in the idea of treatment of the convicted, a _________________ sentence gives
correctional officials and parole boards significant control over the amount of time an
offender serves.
The ability to influence a person’s actions in a desired direction without resorting to
force is known as _____________.
In addition to protecting society, _______________ helps define the limits of behavior
so that everyone in the community understands what is permissible.
Define the terms “authority” and “power.” Discuss their role in the work of probation
officers. Which is more effective? Why?
Answer:N/A