Essentials of American Government: Roots and Reform 2012 Election Edition 11th Edition

Successful members of Congress share the same policy interests as voters, according to the __________. a. conscience model of representation b. delegate model of representation c. majority-minority model of representation d. politico model of representation e. trustee model of representation Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b What event served as a catalyst for the creation of the Pendleton Act? a.

Which test examines the constitutionality of religious establishments? a. Orange b. Lemon c. Free Exercise d. Prior Restraint e. Due Process Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b One of the primary dangers of the nomination campaign is that __________. a. candidates can become overly cautious and not talk about issues b. many candidates ignore their party's

The judiciary has the authority to rule on whether the president has acted within the law. Answer: FALSE[/cpmembership] Answer: FALSE[/cpmembership] Answer: FALSE[/cpmembership] As noted in Table 8.1, according to the Hatch Act, federal employees may make campaign speeches for candidates in partisan elections. Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE U.S. involvement in Vietnam was largely driven by the

How did Reagan's New Federalism benefit the states? Answer: An ideal response will:Define New Federalism as the federal'state relationship proposed by the Reaganadministration in the 1980s. Administrative powers were returned to the states.Describe how block grants work under New Federalism.Evaluate the impact of block grants on the states in the

Under what circumstance might a president set up a policy coordinating committee (PSC)? a. when a cabinet member wants to enlarge his or her sphere of influence b. when citizens want to intervene in an agency's rule-making procedure c. when funding is short and two agencies can be merged to create one agency d.

What is the major purpose of an independent regulatory commission? a. to generate profit b. to increase productivity c. to oversee the executive branch d. to perform services e. to regulate commerce Answer: e Answer: e Answer: e Which program is one of the first entitlement programs created under the New Deal? a. food stamps b. Social Security c. Medicaid d. Temporary Assistance

The __________ proposed proportional representation in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. a. Ohio Plan b. Virginia Plan c. New Jersey Plan d. Massachusetts Plan e. Pennsylvania Plan Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b What is the primary responsibility of the secretary of state? a. national defense policy b. homeland security c. intelligence d. diplomacy e. military policy Answer: d Answer: d Answer: d What proportion

A dissenting opinion is written by a justice who agrees with the decision of the majority, but disagrees with the rationale. Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Party conventions have hosted delegates casting Electoral College votes to select presidential nominees since 1832. Answer: TRUE Answer: TRUE Answer: TRUE Bureaucrats often have considerable discretion in the implementation of federal laws. Answer:

Front-loading benefits __________. a. challengers b. front runners c. incumbents d. third parties e. special interests Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b Web polls that allow anyone to weigh in on a topic are similar to which of the following type(s) of polls? a. exit polls and deliberative polls b. deliberative polls c. tracking polls and straw polls d. biannual Cooperative Congressional Election studies e.

The __________ specifies that any power not specifically delegated to the national government is reserved to the states or the people. Answer: Tenth Amendment Answer: Tenth Amendment Answer: Tenth Amendment In 1964, Congress passed the __________ to help keep the promise of the Fourteenth Amendment. Answer: Civil Rights Act Answer: Civil Rights Act Answer: Civil Rights Act Explain

Why are there regional and sectional differences within American political culture? Explain how these differences arose. Answer: An ideal response will:1> Discuss regional and sectional differences in the United States. Regional sectionalism can be explained based on where people settled and where they came from. For example, people who settled in

The Senate must approve the president's appointments to leadership positions in the fifteen Cabinet departments. Answer: TRUE Answer: TRUE Answer: TRUE Most researchers now explain the gender gap in party identification with the Republican Party's difficulties in attracting female voters. Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Many of the latest regulations enacted by Congress are in response to

Scholarship suggests that about __________ of the promises in the victorious party's presidential platform are completely or mostly implemented. a. less than one-fourth b. one-fourth c. one-third d. one-half e. two-thirds Answer: e Answer: e Answer: e Which of the following is true with respect to Keynesian economic policy? a. Keynesian economic policy relies on government taxes and adjustments to

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between Congress and the Judiciary? a. Congress has the ability to review the constitutionality of Supreme Court decisions. b. Congress must be increasingly mindful of the Supreme Court's reaction when it enacts new laws for the nation. c. Congress sets the jurisdiction of federal

Senior citizens are likely to be concerned about potential cuts to the medical program known as ___________. Answer: Medicare Answer: Medicare Answer: Medicare Describe the media's traditional watchdog role, and examine a story as it develops on an online news site. How does the coverage fit a traditional concept of watchdog journalism? How does

Candidates can give as much money toward their own campaigns as they wish. Answer: TRUE Answer: TRUE Answer: TRUE Logrolling, or vote trading, was deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court following the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Answer: FALSE[/cpmembership] Answer: FALSE[/cpmembership] Answer: FALSE[/cpmembership] The United States has a dual system of justice. Answer: TRUE Answer: TRUE Answer: TRUE As described by Table

In a __________, the national government derives its powers from the states. Answer: confederation Answer: confederation Answer: confederation Explain what George Gallop meant when he said that public opinion polls 'speed up the process of democracy." Answer: An ideal response will:1> Establish the link between public opinion and electoral democracy.2> Explain how public opinion polling

Is America's brand of democracy easily exported? Why or why not? Answer: An ideal response will:1> Discuss how America's brand of democracy includes concepts of individualism and religious freedom, concepts that may not be easily exportable.2> Provide examples of each of the above. For example, many other democracies are moreconcerned about

In U.S. v. Lopez, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress lacked constitutional authority under the __________clause to regulate guns within 1,000 feet of a school. a. necessary and proper b. commerce c. elastic d. supremacy e. reserved powers Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b Which of the following is an example of Max Weber's merit principle? a. citizens evaluating political

What was the greatest fear of the Anti-Federalists during the Constitutional Convention and subsequent debate? a. that a weak national government would undermine the survival of the United States b. that a strong national government would infringe on the essential liberties of the people c. that a powerful judiciary would restrict freedom of

Which of the following clauses requires states to return criminals to states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial? a. extradition b. commerce c. due process d. full faith and credit e. privileges and immunities Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a Which presents the greatest threat to incumbents of the president's party? a. a caucus election b. a

If you were running a general election campaign, at what point in the campaign would you want to recruit extra volunteers for canvassing? a. during the nomination period b. just before your state's primary c. during the summer before the election d. for the period one month before the election e. on election day Answer: d Answer:

If proportional representation primaries are fairer to the public, why might some state parties choose not to adopt them? a. They are difficult to schedule. b. They create intra-party competition between candidates. c. They can lengthen the nomination process. d. They may require more special interest support to finance. e. They reward moderate candidates. Answer: c Answer:

If the president wishes to address a foreign policy crisis without using the military, the president may instead opt for the use of __________ as orchestrated by the Department of State. Answer: diplomacy Answer: diplomacy Answer: diplomacy Describe the major ways in which the presidency has changed since the beginning of the twentieth century.

In the first major civil rights case addressed by the U.S. Supreme Court, Dred Scott v. Sandford, which of the following best describes the issues at stake? a. the constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise and whether slaves were U.S. citizens b. whether Missouri could remain part of the union and whether

Appropriations committees help determine the programs that will be funded, while authorizations committees determine the amount of monies to be distributed. Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE The vast majority of bills receive a subcommittee hearing, but not full passage. Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE During the same time period that legislators attempted to reform campaign finance,

A writ of __________ is a request submitted to the U.S. Supreme Court to review a lower court decision. a. mandamus b. prohibition c. capias d. attachment e. certiorari Answer: e Answer: e Answer: e Democrats no longer use the winner-take-all primary because __________. a. it cost too much to implement b. it increased the influence of special

The person closest to the candidate who makes the essential day-to-day decisions is the __________. a. campaign manager b. finance chair c. communications director d. press secretary e. chief campaign consultant Answer: a Answer: a Answer: a Based on what you know about election history, what is the most likely reason Senator John McCain chose Governor Sarah Palin as

A rise in party unity is indicative of __________. a. cooperation across party lines b. cooperation between Congress and the executive branch c. decreasing party polarization d. high bipartisanship levels e. low bipartisanship levels Answer: e Answer: e Answer: e The Sixth Amendment sets out basic requirements for which type of due process? a. civil b. substantive c. criminal d. procedural e. constitutional Answer: d Answer:

Which type of federalism is characterized by a system of separate but equally powerful state and national governments? a. combined b. cooperative c. dual d. progressive e. pure Answer: c Answer: c Answer: c Over the past century, partisan polarization has __________ along with __________. a. decreased; gender equality b. decreased; income equality c. increased; gender inequality d. increased; income inequality e. remained constant;

The admissions office at a public university could likely establish a permissible affirmative action policy that awards minority students by bumping up their SAT score by 100 points. Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Prior to ratification of the U.S. Constitution, state constitutions provided little protection for personal liberties. Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Answer: FALSE Dual federalism is