Computer Organization and Architecture 10th Edition

A __________ contains a permanent pattern of data that cannot be changed, is nonvolatile, and cannot have new data written into it. A. RAM B. SRAM C. ROM D. flash memory Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C _________ can be caused by power supply problems or alpha particles. A. Soft errors B. AGT errors C. Hard errors D. SEC errors Answer:

Timing refers to the way in which events are coordinated on the bus. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T A microcomputer architecture and organization relationship is not very close. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F Machine parallelism exists when instructions in a sequence are independent and thus can be executed in parallel by overlapping. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F An

Symmetric multiprocessors (SMPs) are one of the earliest, and still the most common, example of parallel organization. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T A(n) ________ interrupt is generated by an I/O controller to signal normal completion of an operation, request service from the processor, or to signal a variety of error conditions. Answer:

A _________ RAM is made with cells that store data as charge on capacitors. Answer: dynamic Answer: dynamic Answer: dynamic The operation to be performed is specified by a binary code known as the operation code. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T The four deployment models defined by NIST are: public cloud, private cloud, community cloud,

While the processor is in user mode the program being executed is unable to access protected system resources or to change mode, other than by causing an exception to occur. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T Program execution consists of repeating the process of instruction fetch and instruction execution. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T For

Not all machine languages include numeric data types. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F Because 16 symbols are used, the notation is called hexadecimal and the 16 symbols are the __________. Answer: hexadecimal digits Answer: hexadecimal digits Answer: hexadecimal digits In the absence of parentheses, the AND operation takes precedence over the OR operation. Answer: T Answer: T Answer:

_______ law assumes a program in which a fraction (1- f )of the execution time involves code that is inherently serial and a fraction f that involves code that is infinitely parallelizable with no scheduling overhead. Answer: Amdahl's Answer: Amdahl's Answer: Amdahl's The two distinctive types of flash memory are designated as NOR and

There are 50 tens in the number 509. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T The total number of threads defined is typically in the thousands to maximize the utilization of the GPU processor cores as well as maximize the available speedup. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T From a user's point of view the two most

The first commercial RISC product was _________. A. SPARC B. CISC C. VAX D. the Pyramid Answer: D Answer: D Answer: D The _________ is that part of the computer that actually performs arithmetic and logical operations on data. Answer: Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) Answer: Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) Answer: Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) The decimal system

In any number, the leftmost digit is referred to as the __________ digit because it carries the highest value. Answer: most significant Answer: most significant Answer: most significant Binary 0001 0000 0000 represents ________ in hexadecimal. Answer: 100 Answer: 100 Answer: 100 A __________ RAM is a digital device that uses the same logic elements used

The term _________ parallelism refers to the degree to which, on average, the instructions of a program can be executed in parallel. Answer: instruction-level Answer: instruction-level Answer: instruction-level The U.S. national version of the International Reference Alphabet is referred to as __________. Answer: ASCII Answer: ASCII Answer: ASCII The traditional __________ chip is constrained both by its

Swapping is an I/O operation. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T The sequence of instruction cycles are always the same as the written sequence of instructions that make up the program. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F The value of the mode field determines which addressing mode is to be used. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T The predict-never-taken

It is not possible to connect I/O controllers directly onto the system bus. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F The execute cycle is simple and predictable. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F The basic element of a semiconductor memory is the memory cell. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T The cycle time of an instruction pipeline is the time needed

__________ are caused by limited SFUs, double-precision multiplication, and branching. A. Structural hazards B. RAW data hazards C. Vertical hazards D. Latency hazards Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A _______ applications embrace threading in a fundamental way. A. Multi-instance B. Multi-process C. Java D. Threaded Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C The _________ command causes the I/O module to take an item of data

The sum of the seek time and the rotational delay equals the _________, which is the time it takes to get into position to read or write. A. access time B. gap time C. transfer time D. constant angular velocity Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A One way to control power density is to use more of

The disadvantage of the software poll is that it is time consuming. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T A __________ is a circular platter constructed of nonmagnetic material, called the substrate, coated with a magnetizable material. Answer: disk Answer: disk Answer: disk A key characteristic of a bus is that it is not a shared transmission

With _________ encoding one field is used to determine the interpretation of another field. A. resource B. indirect C. direct D. functional Answer: B Answer: B Answer: B Which of the following is a hardware technique that can be used in a superscalar processor to enhance performance? A. duplication of resources B. out-of-order issue C. renaming D. all of the above Answer:

The Pentium 4 processor core consists of four major components: fetch/decode unit, out-of-order execution logic, memory subsystem, and __________. Answer: execution units Answer: execution units Answer: execution units Opcodes are represented by abbreviations, called __________ that indicate the operation. Answer: mnemonics Answer: mnemonics Answer: mnemonics There are four types of I/O commands that an I/O module may

A number with both an integer and fractional part has digits raised to both positive and negative powers of 10. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T With a daisy chain the processor just picks the interrupt line with the highest priority. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F The entire Gen8 compute architecture interfaces to the rest

The __________ architecture is the architecture of IBM's mainframe product line. Answer: System/370 Answer: System/370 Answer: System/370 The value to be loaded into the program counter can come from a binary counter, the instruction register, or the output of the ALU. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T _________ paging means that each page of a process is

The six things needed to specify the function of a processor are: operations (opcodes), addressing modes, registers, I/O module interface, memory module interface, and ________. Answer: interrupts Answer: interrupts Answer: interrupts The _________ global scheduler unit on the GPU chip distributes the thread blocks to the SMs. Answer: GigaThread Answer: GigaThread Answer: GigaThread ________ is a multithreaded

The MIPS R4000 processor chip is partitioned into two sections, one containing the CPU and the other containing a _________ for memory management. Answer: coprocessor Answer: coprocessor Answer: coprocessor In a __________ number system, each number is represented by a string of digits in which each digit position i has an associated weight

The number of bits used to represent various data types is an example of an architectural attribute. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T GPUs can be found in almost all of today's workstations, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T During a read or write operation, the head rotates while the platter beneath it

__________ refers to those attributes of a system visible to a programmer. Answer: Computer architecture Answer: Computer architecture Answer: Computer architecture For set-associative mapping the cache control logic interprets a memory address as three fields: Set, Word, and __________. Answer: Tag Answer: Tag Answer: Tag __________ heads are used in sealed drive assemblies that are almost free

Multiple parallel pipelines are used in __________ . A. speculative execution B. data flow analysis C. superscalar execution D. branch prediction Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C The _________ contains a word of data to be written to memory or the word most recently read. A. MAR B. PC C. MBR D. IR Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C ___________ states that performance increase is