Animal Physiology: From Genes to Organisms 2nd Edition

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. b 1 1. Physiology is the study of a. matter, energy and their interactions. b. how organisms function. c. the mind. d. temperament and character based on outward appearances. a 1 2. The process of maintaining physiological stability in the face of disturbance is referred to as a. homeostasis. b. homeothermy. c. home remedy. d. homeopathy. c 1 3. Which of the following statements is true? a. Structure/function relationships are evident at the

Defense Systems A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. e 459 1. Pathogens a. have the ability to produce a disease. b. may disrupt normal cellular processes and causing the release of nutrients. c. may be intracellular or extracellular organisms. d. two of these. e. all of these. d 460 2. Self-recognition in mammals depends in part on ________. a. the presence of interleukins b. innate immunity. c. the presence of cytokines d. Toll-like receptors e. all of these. e 460, 461 3. Which of the following are NOT

Respiratory Systems A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. b 495 1. The individual pressure exerted independently by a particular gas within a mixture of gases is known as its ______________. a. diffusion pressure b. partial pressure c. gradient pressure d. equilibrium pressure e. total pressure d 494, 495 2. Diffusion directly depends on the ____________. a. partial pressure gradient b. solubility of the gas in water c. distance d. two of these e. all of these b 498 3. In water, gas solubility ______________as temperature increases. a. increases b. decreases c. remains the same c 498 4. Variation in

Excretory Systems A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. e 557 1. Functions of excretory systems include a. removal of waste and harmful substances. b. maintenance of water balance. c. selective retention of inorganic solutes. d. waste removal and water balance. e. all of these. d 558 2. Which of the following organ systems is not involved in excretion? a. urinary system b. respiratory system c. integumentary system d. lymphatic system b 558 3. Most aquatic organisms excrete nitrogenous wastes in the form of a. urea. b. ammonia. c. uric acid. d. glutamine. e 561 4. Which of

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. d 614 1. ICF in marine mollusks and crustaceans makes up _______ of the total body water. a. 2/3 b. 90% c. 70% d. 1/3 to 1/2 e. 10% a 615 2. Blood plasma in birds is about ______ of the ECF. a. 40% b. 15% c. 20% d. 70% e. 10% b 615 3. In vertebrates a. the ECF and ICF have the same composition. b. the plasma and the interstitial fluid have similar composition. c. the cellular proteins freely permeate into

Digestive Systems A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. e 657 1. The absorbable unit of carbohydrates is a. glucose. b. fructose. c. galactose. d. glucose or fructose. e. all of these. b 657 2. The most important carbohydrate for flight in insects is a double glucose molecule called a. maltose. b. trehalose. c. galactose. d. fructose. e. insectose. e 660 3. In the digestive system, autonomous smooth muscle activity a. involves slow-wave potentials. b. involves a basic electrical rhythm initiated by pacesetter cells. c. is initiated by the interstitial cells of Cajal. d. is initiated

Energy Balance and Thermal Physiology A. Multiple Choice Key/ Page No. b 716 1. Which of the following statements about energy is NOT correct? a. Energy is subject to an input-output balance similar to that for water. b. An example of internal work is the energy expended by muscles to lift a heavy object. c. Almost 75% of nutrient energy is lost as heat and not

Reproductive Systems A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. d 758 1. A k-selected species a. produces a large number of young. b. provides minimal nourishment to its offspring. c. has low offspring survival. d. demonstrates high parental involvement. e 758 2. Which of the following is ovoviviparous? a. some sharks b. all birds c. guppies d. rattlesnakes e. all of these e 762 3. Which of the following is not a secondary sexual characteristic? a. colored feathers b. body configuration c. sexual weaponry d. hair distribution e. sensory sensilla d 762 4. Birds derive seminal fluid from the a. seminiferous tubules. b. vasa

Cellular and Molecular Physiology A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. e 25 1. Which of the following is an organic molecule? a. naturally grown hemp b. oxygen c. phosphate d. sodium e. octane a 26 2. Which of the following is NOT a lipid? a. glycogen b. trigylceride c. phosphotidylserine d. cholesterol e. fatty acids c 26 3. Which of the following is a protein? a. creatine b. muscle c. insulin d. creatine phosphate d 27 4. Which of the following is the monomeric, building block of nucleic acids? a. ribose b. phosphate c. nitrogenous base (A, G, C, T, U) d. nucleotide e. amino acid e 27 5. Which of the following

Membrane Physiology A. Key/ Page b 70 Multiple Choice No. 1. All cells (not just animal cells) have a. mitochondria. b. a cell membrane. c. a cell wall. d. a nucleus. e. microtubules. b 70 2. Phospholipids are able to form bilayer membranes in aqueous environments because a. they have hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails. b. they have polar heads and nonpolar tails. c. they have polar tails and nonpolar heads. d. the phospho-portion can form phosphodiester bonds between adjacent phospholipids. e. two of

Neuronal Physiology A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. b 111 1. In the nervous system, the term membrane potential refers to the a. ability of a cell membrane to conduct an electrical impulse b. separation of charges across a biological membrane. c. ability of a membrane to give rise to vesicles. d. ability of a cell membrane to transport Na+ and K+ ions e. ability of the plasma membrane

Nervous Systems A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. b 148 1. As a general rule, the nervous system coordinates ________ while the endocrine system regulates ________. a. nervous activity, endometrial activity b. rapid responses, long lasting activities c. nail-biting, immune responses d. feeding behavior, digestion a 148 2. Which of the following is NOT an advantage conferred by centralization of the nervous system? a. The delay between sensory stimulus input and motor response allows an individual

Sensory Physiology A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. b 208 1. The process of transduction associated with membrane receptors is inextricably linked to a. a stimulus interacting with peripheral membrane proteins. b. ion channels present in the membrane. c. the establishment of a transmembrane potential. d. ions moving up their concentration gradient. e. none of these. a 208 2. It is believed that the group of channels responsible for sensing osmotic stress evolved first.

Endocrine Systems A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. c 272 1. A tropic hormone is one whose function is to a. stimulate the central nervous system. b. trigger cellular development. c. stimulate endocrine tissue to secrete hormones. d. stimulate growth and development. e 273 2. Which of the following statements about the endocrine system is true? a. Each endocrine gland secretes a single type of hormone. b. Each endocrine hormone is secreted by a single

Muscle Physiology A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. d 336 1. Skeletal muscle is a. striated. b. unstriated. c. voluntary. d. Both striated and voluntary. e. Both unstriated and involuntary. e 336 2. Within a muscle fiber the contractile elements may constitute as much as ______ of the cell volume. a. 50% b. 60% c. 70% d. 80% e. 90% e 338 3. The sarcomere lies within the boundaries of which of these structures? a. A bands b. H bands c. I bands d. sarcoplasmic reticulum e. Z lines b 339 4. The principal role of calcium in skeletal muscle contraction is

Circulatory Systems A. Key/ Page Multiple Choice No. a 385 1. Which of the following components is essential for a circulatory system? a. fluid b. pump-organ c. vessels d. cells e. all of these d 387 2. The hematocrit is a. the packed hemocytes found in hemolymph. b. the packed red blood cells only. c. the packed white blood cells only. d. the total packed cell volume of blood. e. the total volume of oxygen carried in the blood. b 387 3. Plasma proteins constitute about _____