122
Digestive Systems
A. Multiple Choice
Key/
Page
No.
657
a. glucose.
b. fructose.
c. galactose.
d. glucose or fructose.
e. all of these.
657
a. maltose.
b. trehalose.
c. galactose.
d. fructose.
e. insectose.
660
a. involves slow-wave potentials.
b. involves a basic electrical rhythm initiated by pacesetter cells.
c. is initiated by the interstitial cells of Cajal.
d. is initiated by cells in the boundary between circular and longitudinal muscle.
e. all of these.
659,
660
a. voltage-gated Ca+ channels and slow-wave action potentials in smooth muscle
b. intestinal smooth muscle and a syncytium
c. spiral valve and teleost fish
d. salivary glands and metazoans
e. peristalsis and rumen
658,
659
a. small intestine
b. gall bladder
c. esophagus
d. spleen
e. exocrine pancreas
123
658
a. midgut.
b. foregut.
c. stomodaeum.
d. stomoach.
e. stomodaeum also known as the foregut. Reviewer is not totally correct here
660
a. peristalsis
b. segmentation
c. threshold contractions
d. haustral contractions
e. none of these
661
a. smooth muscle and glands directly.
b. the nerve plexuses.
c. smooth muscle only.
d. glands only.
e. all of these.
661
a. enteric nervous system.
b. myenteric plexus.
c. submucous plexus.
d. all of these.
660
a. chemoreceptor
b. osmoreceptor
c. proprioceptors
d. mechanoreceptor
e. none of these.
664
a. antibacterial action
b. acid neutralizing
c. thermoregulation
d. antocoagulation
e. all of these
665
a. simple
b. conditioned
c. unconditioned
d. two of these.
124
667
nasal passage?
a. inhibition of respiration
b. elevation of the larynx
c. positioning of the tongue against the hard palate
d. contraction of the pharyngeal muscles
e. elevation of the uvula
668
a. nitrogen
b. hydrogen sulfide
c. oxygen
d. methane
e. none of these
668
a. is a condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter closes more tightly during
swallowing.
b. is a condition in the ruminant stomach which prevents the pyloric sphincter from
opening and closing properly.
c. refers to the incomplete digestion of protein by ruminants.
d. is the protection from ingested toxins provided by the epithelium lining of the
intestinal tract.
e. none of these.
658,
670
a. mesenteron
b. antrum
c. corpus
d. filter chamber
e. proctodaeum
673
a. decreased acid production by the stomach
b. inhibition of further emptying of stomach
c. activation of pancreatic digestive enzymes
d. inhibition of NaHCO3 production
e. increased peristaltic activity
673
changes in osmolarity?
a. fat in the chyme
b. distention of the stomach
c. acididity of chyme
d. hypertonicity of the duodenal lumen
125
675
a. chief cells
b. mucous cells
c. parietal cells
d. G cells
677
a. protein denaturation.
b. digestion of connective tissue and muscle.
c. D cell activation.
d. pepsin activation.
e. antimicrobial activity.
678
in what phase?
a. cephalic phase
b. gastric phase
c. intestinal phase
d. all of these
682,
683
a. amylase
b. chitinase
c. carboxypeptidase
d. amylase and chitinase
e. all of these
685
a. vitamin C synthesis
b. gluconeogenesis
c. storage of iron
d. buoyancy This is a part of the list for liver functions in the book.
e. none of these
690,
691
muscle?
a. sub mucosa
b. mucosa
c. lamina propria
d. muscularis mucosa
e. serosa
689
a. lecithin
b. bile salt
c. cholesterol
d. hydrophilic core
e. hydrophilic shell
a
19.
Which of the following secretes pepsinogen, which in turn initiates protein digestion?
126
695
a. pepsin
b. trypsin
c. aminopepsidase
d. amylase
e. maltase
695
a. aminopepsidase
b. lipase
c. chymotrypsin
d. pepsin
e. invertase
696 –
698
a. glucose
b. galactose
c. amino acids
d. glucose and amino acids
e. all of these
696
a. 5 to 10
b. 10 to 20
c. 10 to 30
d. 20 to 30
e. 20 to 40
707
a. occurs when ruminants swallow foreign objects that penetrate the reticulum
allowing bacteria to escape.
b. can lead to peritonitis.
c. can occur because ruminants chew the regurgitated cud instead of swallowing
their food a single time.
d. two of these
e. all of these.
705
a. the pseudoruminant stomach lacks the omasum.
b. the pseudoruminant stomach lacks the pregastric region.
c. the pseudoruminant stomach lacks the reticulum.
d. the pseudoruminant stomach has four compartments.
e. the pseudoruminant reticulum is the site of nutrient absorption.
127
711,
712
a. GIP and stimulation of insulin release
b. CCK and stimulating release of pancreatic enzymes
c. secretin and stimulation of NaHCO3–
d. gastrin and stimulation of ileal motility
e. ghrelin and stimulation of the release of growth hormone from the posterior
pituitary
701
a. dehydration
b. loss of nutrient material
c. increased production of HCl
d. metabolic acidosis
e. elimination of harmful material
a
34.
Which of the following is not a function of the large intestine?
702
a. digestion at the brush border
b. electrolyte and fluid balance
c. site of microbial fermentation
d. volatile fatty acid production
e. temporary excreta storage
696
e
36.
Which of the following is not a component of the villus?
digestive system?
a. plant protein
b. animal protein
c. digestive enzymes
d. none of these
692
a. terminal lymphatic vessel
b. capillary network
c. epithelial cell covering
d. central lacteal
e. none of these
675,
676
a. oxyntic cells
b. ECL cells
c. D cells
d. G cells
671
a. partially open pyloric sphincter
b. closed pyloric sphincter
c. propulsion of chyme through duodenum
d. strong antral peristaltic contractions
e. two of these
128
671
a. body of the stomach
b. fundus of the stomach
c. antrum of the stomach
d. duodenum of the small intestine after the entrance of chime from the stomach
672
a. amount of chyme
b. fluidity of chyme
c. impulses along the intrinsic plexuses
d. impulses along the vagus nerve
e. all of these
B. True or False
653 they are inside the digestive tract.
657
668
668
669
669 that that detoxifies harmful alkaloids.
677 result of HCl being secreted into the stomach).
658 coli.
699 of fat digestion in the small intestine.
705
129
C. Matching (correct answers are aligned with each number; e.g., #1 matches with letter a)
D. Essay
Page No.
contrast the events that occur during the cephalic phase of gastric secretion with
those that occur during the gastric phase.
affects of each of these hormones on the pancrease.
is the autonomic nervous system involved in salivary secretions?
role these microbes play in ruminant nutrition.