Cultural Anthropology 11th Edition

The Ojibwa coined the term okimakkan or "fake chief" when: a. Since no male was available, a female had to assume the chief's role. b. An individual who was chief did not have the support of the people. c. A chief was either under 15 years of age or older than 65. d. Chiefs

An important cultural difference between Serbs and Croats from the former Yugoslavia is: a. They speak different languages. b. Serbs are Eastern Orthodox and Croats are Catholic. c. Serbs are generally professionals while Croats tend to hold menial unskilled jobs. d. Serbs are attached to socialism while Croats are generally capitalists. e. Serbs and Croats

What is the primary goal of emic research? a. Help insiders make more effective changes to their culture over time. b. Help governments better manage minority populations. c. Help outsiders determine which cultures are more effective in particular environments. d. Help insiders gain a better understanding of their own culture. e. Help outsiders understand what

Bronislaw Malinowski spent only 6 months on the Trobriand Islands. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F Modern-day Wiccans often believe that everything they do, good or bad, returns to them three-fold. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T One thing that anthropologists working in development do is try to counter the tendency of economists to believe that everyone thinks alike

Which of the following is not a subsystem of language? a. Symbology. b. Phonology. c. Morphology. d. Syntax. e. Semantics. Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A A fundamental principle of language is that: a. The more phonemes a language has, the more different ideas can be expressed in it. b. The more material goods a culture has, the more talkative its

What are two criticisms associated with the Human Relations Area Files database? Answer: It takes cultural data out of context and it collates multiple perspectives from different timeperiods and does not take into account how the different authors and historical eras affect the data. Answer: It takes cultural data out of context

What do anthropologists use as the basis for cross-cultural comparisons? Answer: They use ethnographies. Answer: They use ethnographies. Answer: They use ethnographies. What is fraternal polyandry? Answer: It is a custom in which a woman marries a man and his brothers. Answer: It is a custom in which a woman marries a man and his brothers. Answer:

Where the European powers could not find ethnic groups with chiefs, they: a. Permitted their colonists to settle. b. Permitted democratic elections for chiefs. c. Tended to place more of their officials "on the ground." d. Tended not to colonize. e. Created new ethnic groups and appointed chiefs. Answer: E Answer: E Answer: E The belief systems of modern

Hegemony refers to the dominance of a political elite based on a close identification between their goals and those of the larger society. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T How is cultural relativism different from ethnocentrism? Answer: While ethnocentrism is the belief that our own way of life is superior, cultural relativism helps us to

Among the poor in many urban areas there has been a development of voluntary associations. What are these and what purpose do they serve? Answer: These are social help (mutual aid) groups that develop along lines of association (such as labor unions) or along kinship or ethnic lines. They can help

As the example of the Toraja of Indonesia demonstrates, in many indigenous cultures, art has now become: a. A luxury. b. A leveler of class differences. c. A commodity. d. Separated from cultural identity. e. Widespread among the people within the society. Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C The function of an Institutional Review Board (IRB) is to: a. Certify

Leveling mechanisms are ways of evening out the distribution of wealth in society. Which of the following is not an example of a leveling mechanism? a. The Mexican cargo system whereby wealthy adults take turns in sponsoring religious feasts. b. The inheritance pattern by which all of a man's children share equally

Why were poor nations forced to accept structural adjustment? Answer: They were unable to pay their debts. Answer: They were unable to pay their debts. Answer: They were unable to pay their debts. Band societies have neither warfare nor violence because they are egalitarian. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F Are incest taboos universal? Explain your answer. Answer: Yes,

Which of the following are Na men very unlikely to do? a. Invite a lover to visit them in their homes. b. Ride in motorized vehicles. c. Have sex before they are 30. d. Engage in agriculture. e. Join the army. Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A The idea that gender is "constructed" means that: a. Most cultures have few

What is a "voluntary minority"? Answer: These are individuals who willingly chose to come to the United States as immigrants, while the "involuntary minority" includes individuals brought against their will, such as slaves. Answer: These are individuals who willingly chose to come to the United States as immigrants, while the "involuntary minority"

Which of the following correctly characterizes Dalva, one of the informants in Mary Kenny's study of the favela of Olinda? a. Like many other children, she will use her formal schooling to escape conditions of poverty. b. A victim of child abuse, she will most likely have to spend the rest of

In arranged marriages: a. The wife's family never initiates the arrangement. b. The couple always lives with the husband's family (patrilocal residence). c. The woman is valued for her economic potential. d. Both families lose face (social status) if they reject the marriage offer. e. Marriage brokers are frequently used. Answer: E Answer: E Answer: E Most of the

People in many societies, including the Azande of East Africa, believe in a magical witchcraft substance that is: a. Controlled by the most powerful people in society. b. Hidden under the central shrine of the community. c. Part of the bodies of those who are witches. d. Available to those who seek with a

Define marriage. Answer: It is the customs, rules, and obligations that establish a socially endorsed relationship between adults and children, and between the kin groups of the married partners. Answer: It is the customs, rules, and obligations that establish a socially endorsed relationship between adults and children, and between the kin groups

Under what conditions do we expect an increasingly specialized and complex division of labor? Answer: Division of labor becomes more complex as populations rises and agricultural production intensifies. Answer: Division of labor becomes more complex as populations rises and agricultural production intensifies. Answer: Division of labor becomes more complex as populations rises and

The Tirailleurs Senegalais were: a. A police force used to patrol Dakar, the capital of Senegal. b. The name for the French troops that were stationed in Africa. c. Workers in gold mines in West Africa caught in a battle between the French and British. d. A regiment of African troops drafted or

According to Keith Basso, why do Apache Indians find white speech so offensive? Answer: They consider White people to speak in insincerities. Instead of seeing requests about someone's physical state as being social niceties and friendliness, they interpret this to mean that the person has little concern at all about the

Why do many anthropologists believe that football is so popular in the United States? Answer: It manipulates key cultural themes such as masculine identity, the violence and sexuality underlying competition between men, etc. Answer: It manipulates key cultural themes such as masculine identity, the violence and sexuality underlying competition between men, etc. Answer:

The total population of the world as of 2012 is approximately: a. 2.7 billion. b. 4.53 billion. c. 6.84 billion. d. 10.74 billion. e. 12.5 billion. Answer: C Answer: C Answer: C Fritz Scholder's paintings combine historical images with abstract expressionism and pop art. A fundamental theme of his work is: a. The oppression of Native Americans by the U.S.

An important kinship feature in a bilateral kinship system is: a. Clan. b. Matrilineage. c. Patrilineage. d. Phratry. e. Kindred. Answer: E Answer: E Answer: E Comparing culture to a system implies that: a. A change in one part of culture will result in changes in other parts of culture. b. Culture is a means to an end. c. Each cultural pattern

Name four social and/or technological developments that aided Europe in expansion. Answer: These include rise of banking and merchant class, development of caravel, a growing population, joint stock companies, and monoculture plantations. Answer: These include rise of banking and merchant class, development of caravel, a growing population, joint stock companies, and monoculture

Which of the following correctly describes current anthropological thinking about the emergence of state level societies? a. States emerged for different reasons in different places and at different times. b. Control of irrigation was critical to the original emergence of the state. c. The state emerged only once, in Egypt, and all states

The fact that neolocal families are common in many industrialized societies is related to: a. The high rate of divorce in such societies. b. The high levels of mobility common in such societies. c. The government assistance to both the poor and the housing industry common in such societies. d. The declining role of

All of the following are changes that China has faced recently due to global and domestic economic changes: a. Increasing middle class. b. Increasing gap between opportunities and services in rural and urban areas. c. Increasing income disparity. d. Decreasing amounts of competition. e. Increasing vulnerability of factory workers. Answer: D Answer: D Answer: D Physical violence used in

According to David Gilmore, similar ideas of manhood are almost a universal aspect of male behavior because: a. Those who possess it are likely to be more successful in the search for mates. b. Those who possess it are likely to be more economically successful. c. It helps to assure that men fill

The Nuer are a patrilineal society in which clans and lineages function as a type of political structure. This is called: a. A segmentary lineage system. b. A segmentary corporate system. c. A unilineal political system. d. A bilateral lineage system. e. Political usufruct rights. Answer: A Answer: A Answer: A According to the World Bank, about how many

If a person speaks a more "proper" form of English (such as SSAE instead of AAVE), then their thought process will become more complex and rational. Answer: F Answer: F Answer: F Do sweatshops operate currently in the U.S.? Explain your answer. Answer: They do. There are hundreds of sweatshop garment workers in New York

Name four characteristics of a foraging society. Answer: Characteristics can include independence, mobility, small population of 20-50, great knowledge of the environment, seasonal movements, and highly flexible social arrangements. Answer: Characteristics can include independence, mobility, small population of 20-50, great knowledge of the environment, seasonal movements, and highly flexible social arrangements. Answer: Characteristics

"Inis Beag," a community near Galway in Ireland, is known as one of the most sexually nave of all the world's societies. Answer: T Answer: T Answer: T How are parallel cousins different from cross cousins? Answer: Parallel cousins are children of an individual's mother's sister and father's brother, while cross cousins are children of