All of the following are changes that China has faced recently due to global and
domestic economic changes:
a. Increasing middle class.
b. Increasing gap between opportunities and services in rural and urban areas.
c. Increasing income disparity.
d. Decreasing amounts of competition.
e. Increasing vulnerability of factory workers.
Physical violence used in order to force natives people to give up resources is called:
a. Corvee labor.
b. Conquest.
c. Pillage.
d. Excavation.
e. Expansion.
A conflict theory of the origin of the state emphasizes:
a. The emergence of centralization of power as a response to the emergence of an elite
class that protects its power and privileges.
b. The rise of the state because of the need to organize manpower for irrigation projects.
c. The invention of the idea of the state in ancient Egypt and its diffusion to other parts
of the world.
d. The increase of sophisticated military weaponry that developed after the Industrial
Revolution.
e. The ways in which modern states are torn apart by conflict.
During the Maoist era, China was ideologically committed to:
a. Eradicating social class.
b. Implementing a caste system.
c. Implementing global capitalism.
d. Eradicating ethnicity.
e. Establishing new racial categories.
When a society practices polygyny:
a. Most men will have more than one wife.
b. Some men will have more than one wife.
c. Some women will have more than one husband.
d. Most women will have more than one husband.
e. Some men will have more than one wife and some women will have more than one
husband.
In Northern India, relations on the wife’s side:
a. Are accorded the same status as relations on the husband’s side.
b. Are forbidden to speak with relations on the husband’s side.
c. Are prohibited from having any contact with children from the marriage.
d. Are accorded lower status than relations on the husband’s side.
e. Are required to joke with relations from the husband’s side.
During buffalo hunts, the Cheyenne maintained order by:
a. Shaming anyone who violated a rule.
b. Gossiping about people who misbehaved.
c. Accusing misbehaving people of witchcraft
d. Beheading anyone who got out of line.
e. Policing by members of military societies.
A child raised outside of human society and culture would be:
a. Entirely normal except for a lack of language.
b. Rapidly able to participate in normal culture once allowed a chance.
c. Innocent, unable to lie, cheat, or dissemble.
d. Craftier, more logical, and more violent than a cultured individual.
e. Completely unable to understand culture.
Important effects of China’s movement toward capitalism has resulted in:
a. Increasing equality among Chinese families.
b. Diminishing importance of education.
c. Increased emphasis on agriculture.
d. Increasing attacks on bourgeois elements.
e. Increasing inequality.
In economics, economizing behavior is:
a. Behavior designed to save money for a household.
b. Choosing to buy a generic rather than a name brand product.
c. Attempting to increase profits by investing savings.
d. Only present in capitalist market economies.
e. Making choices in ways believed to provide the greatest benefit.
Which sentence best describes the primary anthropological value of research among the
homeless and drug addicts, such as that produced by Philippe Bourgois?
a. This research provides accurate information that can help the lives of these
individuals by providing more effective recovery programs.
b. The commercial success of research such as this raises awareness of the plight of
these individuals and can provide a great deal of money to improve their communities.
c. This research allows families to identify and reconnect with their loved ones and
intervene to help them.
d. Through research such as this, the United States is able to provide much more foreign
aid to countries that provide the drugs to these addicts.
e. By providing accurate information, research such as this allows us to chronicle the
problems with state societies and new models for the future.
One thing that all fundamentalist groups seem to have in common is:
a. Women play major roles in their organization.
b. Their members view the world as a cosmic struggle of good against evil.
c. A disproportionate number of their members believe that the ends justify the means.
d. They have restrictions on what kinds of foods they can eat.
e. They seek political power but do not form political parties.
The number of Americans who say they attend church regularly has:
a. Remained about the same since 1940.
b. Fallen steadily since 1940.
c. Increased substantially since 1940.
d. Declined, compared to the number of Europeans who say they attend church
regularly.
e. Has increased since 1940 among the old but declined during the same period among
the young.
The concept that caring for the elderly is a burden:
a. Is most common among foraging societies.
b. Rarely occurs in pre-modern societies.
c. Is linked to conditions where warfare is common.
d. Is widespread and occurs even in societies where group harmony is valued.
e. Is a particular aspect of current-day Western society because of its focus on money
earning.
Which of the following best illustrates transhumant pastoralism?
a. The male cattle pastoralists of East Africa have two settlements and move their herds
between these, while the women stay in the permanent dwelling year-round.
b. The Saami reindeer herders and their families move across the frozen landscape
during the winter months and in the summer take jobs as day laborers.
c. The Yarahmadzai of Iran move with the entire village during the year from settlement
to settlement, never knowing where they will be next.
d. The Quechua herd their alpacas from one pasture to another as needed, depending on
the climate. They never move their residence.
e. Central Asian yak herders all live in one settlement permanently year-round and
supplement the food for their animals. They do not switch settlements seasonally.
Which of the following correctly describes neoliberalism?
a. The belief that American style representative democracy is the best form of
government for all people.
b. The belief that government should provide a social net for all citizens.
c. The belief that major industries serve a country best if their ownership is socialized.
d. The belief that the laws of a nation should apply equally to all its citizens.
e. The belief that governments should be small and should promote free trade, and
individual initiative.
The rise of plow agriculture has generally:
a. Not affected women’s status.
b. Lowered women’s status.
c. Raised women’s status.
d. Resulted in lower birth rates.
e. Increased women’s longevity.
A major point of the ethnography “Body Ritual among the Nacirema” is to:
a. Show how foolish people’s rituals are.
b. Help us look at our own culture from a different perspective.
c. Promote practices of preventive medicine.
d. Increase our respect for primitive cultures.
e. Put a little laughter into our dreary lives.
In Northern India, much of the underlying logic of the kinship system is based on all of
the following except:
a. Relative age.
b. Hierarchy.
c. Flexibility.
d. Patrilineality.
e. Bifurcation.
The overwhelming majority of Americans define themselves as:
a. Elite.
b. The working class.
c. Poor.
d. Middle class.
e. Classless.
What is manga?
a. Animated cartoons in Japan.
b. Comic book art in Japan.
c. Political satire in Japan.
d. Movie art in the U.S.
e. A type of music from Brazil.
Which of the following is one of the fundamental attributes of capitalism?
a. People in capitalist societies sell their labor for wages in order to survive.
b. Government plays a very little role in the regulation of the economy.
c. All people in capitalist societies are involved in capitalism.
d. Ownership of capital resources is spread roughly evenly throughout the population.
e. People receive approximately the full value of their labor.
Which of the following is a culture change that has occurred recently in Musha, Egypt?
a. Women are becoming better educated than men.
b. The population has decreased over the last 100 years.
c. The income from cash crops is not as important as it once was.
d. Few people leave the village to work.
e. Tractors are now used for many purposes.
Which of the following statements about language and culture in the United States is
incorrect?
a. Simply sharing the same language is not sufficient for effective communication.
b. As of 2011, 31 states have enacted legislation to make English their state’s official
language.
c. English is the national language of the United States.
d. In 2007, it was calculated that about 1 in every 8 U.S. residents was an immigrant.
e. The U.S. has increasingly become a multilingual society.
Among the Tiwi, as a woman grows older, her social position:
a. Declines, as she loses her looks.
b. Increases, as she becomes eligible for political office and tribal chief.
c. Increases, as her status as senior wife gives her social influence.
d. Declines, as her husband takes on younger co-wives.
e. Remains at the same low state as when she was young.
Archaeologists are principally interested in:
a. Excavating sites and developing museums to preserve ancient landforms.
b. Collecting artifacts made by ancient peoples.
c. Tracing the course of human evolution through an examination of the fossilized
remains.
d. Understanding and reconstructing the cultures of past societies.
e. Tracing the early development of Western civilization.
How is Malinowski’s approach to the study of cultures different from Boas’?
a. Malinowski was an evolutionist and Boas was a critic of evolutionism.
b. Their approaches are similar, except that Franz Boas did not actually carry out
fieldwork.
c. Boas focused on the study of child-rearing, while Malinowski focused on the study of
history and body measurements.
d. Malinowski emphasized the notion of function in society, while Boas focused on the
study of history and adaptation of culture.
e. Boas focused on the study of history and adaptation, and Malinowski focused on the
study of child-rearing.
In the art world, middlemen typically:
a. Manipulate art objects and the information regarding their production to meet the
demands of buyers.
b. Neither have a high nor low ranking in the hierarchal structure of their society.
c. Are involved in the pillage of archaeological sites and illegal export of art treasures.
d. Accurately represent the original context of native art to Western buyers.
e. Interfere in the affairs of others.
When anthropologists examine language across different cultures, they find that:
a. Children learn to speak very early when the culture has written language.
b. Children learn to speak early when mothers and babies interact a lot.
c. Children speak in the same way in all cultures regardless of different languages.
d. Children learn to speak at the same time in all cultures and with equal competence.
e. Children raised with their mothers speak better than children raised with other
relatives.
Which of the following correctly describes the position of the Dutch East India
Company?
a. The Company quickly took total control of most of Indonesia.
b. After a difficult beginning, the company was incredibly profitable until the end of the
colonial era.
c. While it made enormous profits for its shareholders, the company was embroiled in
wars and eventually went bankrupt.
d. The company sold shares to wealthy Indonesians and remains a powerful influence in
that nation today.
e. Because it failed to make any profit, the company was disbanded within 50 years of
its formation.
One of the most critical goals of cultural anthropology as an academic discipline is to:
a. Describe, analyze, and explain different cultures.
b. Increase the level of culture in particular human societies.
c. Place large numbers of cultural anthropologists in political offices.
d. Determine the direction of human evolution.
e. Preserve world heritage for future generations.
All of the following are true of a caste system except:
a. Caste-like systems occur only in India.
b. In a caste system it is almost impossible to change one’s caste.
c. People tend to marry others in the same caste.
d. People in the same caste tend to have a similar range of occupations.
e. People in the higher ranks of a caste system are more satisfied than those in the lower
ranks.
Which of the following is an example of code-switching?
a. Conversations in which people try to avoid committing themselves to any specific
position or course of action.
b. Conversations in which people attempt to offer a particular deal or advantage without
specifying exactly what it is.
c. Conversations in which people try to let some people know that they are lying to
other people.
d. Conversations in which, even after repeated attempts, people fail to understand each
other.
e. Conversations in which people talk to some people in one language while talking to
others in a different language.
When a language is lost, so also are many important cultural elements.
How and why have Kipsigis bridewealth amounts changed over the years?
How is calligraphy viewed differently in China and the Islamic Middle East?
Anthropological research shows that psychic conflict and rebellion are characteristic of
adolescence in all societies.
Compare and contrast a functionalist and conflict approaches to the understanding of
stratification.
How are monotheism and polytheism alike and different?
Each language has its own set of phonemes.
Compare and contrast gender relations in horticultural and pastoral societies.
All human societies have some normative system for dealing with people who break the
rules.
Unlike the concept of race with always involves perceived physical differences,
ethnicity refers to perceived cultural differences.
What is the primary role of hijras in Indian society?
Applied anthropologists are usually trained in one of the four primary subdisciplines.
Among foragers such the Ju”/hoansi the idea of maleness is associated with prestige in
a different way. Describe how ridicule and shaming are used to diminish prestige in this
society.
How do anthropologists define “indigenous persons”?
Compare and contrast the emic and etic perspectives. What are the strengths and
weaknesses of each?
Compare and contrast exogamy and endogamy.
What was “Project Camelot”?
What are the six characteristics of religion?
What are the most significant trends of change that have occurred to the American
family most recently?
The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis argues that because the human brain is similar regardless
of cultures, then all language is similar as well.