People in many societies, including the Azande of East Africa, believe in a magical
witchcraft substance that is:
a. Controlled by the most powerful people in society.
b. Hidden under the central shrine of the community.
c. Part of the bodies of those who are witches.
d. Available to those who seek with a pure heart.
e. Can never be found by those who actively seek it.
Informed consent involves all of the following except:
a. Anthropologists must be involved in a dynamic discussion with participants in order
to explain the significance of informed consent.
b. Individuals should understand the risks and benefits inherent in the research.
c. Participants must sign a witnessed contract with the anthropologist indicating that
they approve of the research study.
d. Participants must understand how the research data is likely to affect them.
e. Individuals must be free to decide if they want to participate.
The authors of the book argue that the critical factor that led to the victory of the
Spanish over the Aztecs in 1521 was that:
a. The Aztecs thought that the Spanish were gods.
b. Aztec legend had foretold the coming of disaster “From the East.”
c. The Aztecs were afraid of the Spanish horses, having never seen anything like them
before.
d. The Aztecs had been decimated by a smallpox epidemic and lost half of their number.
e. The Aztecs did not understand that the Spanish intended to conquer them.
Ice Age cave art demonstrates that:
a. Art is found only in hunting societies.
b. Visual art has become progressively more representational with increasing societal
complexity.
c. So-called “primitive” art is the basis for much European modern art.
d. Art is a very early aspect of human culture.
e. Art is universally associated with religion.
All of the following were considered the highest risk field dangers in a 1990 study of
anthropologists except:
a. Tuberculosis.
b. Vehicle crashes.
c. Malaria.
d. Hepatitis.
The current un-contacted population of the world is probably around:
a. Zero.
b. 1,000.
c. 10,000.
d. 100,000.
e. 1,000,000.
Corvee labor was a widespread practice in colonies until:
a. The American Revolution.
b. The Great War.
c. World War I.
d. World War II.
e. The Cold War.
An example of “deep play” in the United States is:
a. Swimming in deep water.
b. Lacrosse.
c. Skiing.
d. Football.
e. Bowling.
Charles Hockett argues that the following two steps were critical in the evolution of
human language:
a. Productivity and displacement.
b. Displacement and blending.
c. Blending and dual structure.
d. Blending and duality of patterning.
e. Duality of pattern and productivity.
Two principal themes found in anime and manga are:
a. Power and wealth.
b. Cuteness and violence.
c. Material prosperity and spiritual poverty.
d. Sex and fear.
e. History and fate.
A critical event that influenced artist Frida Kahlo was:
a. A profound religious experience.
b. A visit to the Soviet Union in 1932.
c. A visit to the United States in 1938.
d. The Mexican Revolution of 1910.
e. Her long love affair with artist Pablo Picasso.
The ability of humans to change their behavior in response to environmental demands is
called:
a. Adaptation.
b. Plasticity.
c. Productivity.
d. Mimicry
e. Environmental determinism
“The dog food under the table he fed” has what kind of error?
a. Lexicon.
b. Semantics.
c. Morphemes.
d. Phonemes.
e. Syntax.
One of the exceptions to the almost universal prohibition on brother/sister marriage was
among:
a. The Toda of India.
b. The Tiwi of Australia.
c. The ancient Hawaiian royalty.
d. The Kipsigis of East Africa.
e. Medieval Europan Royalty.
Margaret Mead’s study of the Arapesh, Mundugamor, and Tchambuli showed that:
a. Women in all cultures have the same personality traits.
b. Only in the United States are women primarily concerned with child care.
c. The relationship between gender and personality varies with cultural expectations.
d. Where women work, they are more likely to be aggressive.
e. Where women’s qualities are valued, men’s qualities are likely to be devalued.
Real wealth in the U.S. is measured as income plus:
a. Assets.
b. Retirement accounts.
c. Prestige.
d. Education.
e. Private property.
f. Power.
Which of the following problems would an applied anthropologist be most likely to
study?
a. The ways in which families are organized to carry out the basic tasks of farming in
agricultural societies.
b. The ways in which health care delivery to American minority communities might be
improved.
c. The ways in which a society’s religious beliefs relate to its artwork.
d. The relationship between the language members of a culture speak and the ways in
which they understand the world.
e. The percentage of goods and practices in a culture that have their origins in a
different culture.
The French only used African conscripts in wars fought within Africa.
What do the Na of China do during their “visits?”
a. Exchange gifts.
b. Go out for a meal.
c. Fight.
d. Make love.
e. Arrange marriages.
Monkey, hyena, spider, and coyote (and sometimes bunny) are:
a. Agricultural pests.
b. Animals frequently identified with passage to an afterlife.
c. Animals frequently present as “sidekicks” of powerful gods.
d. Animals that are often identified symbolically with fertility.
e. Animals that are frequently identified with trickster gods.
Which kinship system is the matrilineal equivalent of the Omaha system?
a. Hawaiian.
b. Iroquois.
c. Eskimo.
d. Sudanese.
e. Crow.
Why is Apple Corporation not cited more frequently for labor abuses in the production
of its goods?
a. Apple is very strict about following good labor standards and has never been cited for
labor abuse.
b. Apple does not outsource any of its production. It is an American company.
c. Apple outsources all of its production to another corporation that does engage in
labor exploitation, but Apple is not directly involved.
d. Apple has employed labor supervisors who regulate the industry and they have
decided not to cite Apple for violations.
e. Apple has been cited numerous times for violations and runs sweatshops all over the
United States.
An important function of art in all societies is that it:
a. Promotes social solidarity by symbolically conveying values and emotions.
b. Gives professional opportunities to the most talented members of society.
c. Serves as a marker between the higher and the lower classes.
d. Provides an escape into fantasy for the poor and the oppressed.
e. Provides people with a source of cash income.
The primary artistic efforts of Maria Martinez were:
a. Weaving.
b. Singing.
c. Pottery.
d. Painting.
e. Silver jewelry.
What is the name of the organization that maintains a statement of ethical guidelines for
anthropologists?
a. Association for American Anthropologists.
b. American Anthropological Institute.
c. American Anthropological Association.
d. Anthropological Ethics Institute.
e. American Association of Anthropologists.
In Anthropology, the concept of race:
a. Has been found to be inadequate for scientifically meaningful classification of
humans.
b. Has great scientific utility but no political implication.
c. Is agreed on by both biological and cultural anthropologists to be very useful in
analyzing human behavior.
d. Is outmoded as there are no patterned biological differences in the human species.
e. Is no different from racism.
One of the major changes that the 20th century brought to the Inuit was:
a. Opportunities to enter the commercial fur trade and government employment.
b. Almost complete extinction in the inland hunting grounds, forcing Inuit to live on the
seacoast.
c. Persecution by the government, leading to a reduction in Inuit numbers by more than
75 percent.
d. Schooling opportunities that led most Inuit to migrate to more temperate climates.
e. Almost complete extinction in native fisheries, forcing Inuit to move away from the
coastline.
Women’s hunting among the Agata illustrates that:
a. Women are just as strong and fast as men.
b. Child rearing is really best done by the child’s biological parents.
c. Women, in some situations, can bring home larger quantities of game than men.
d. The demands of child rearing can be adapted to economic needs.
e. Young girls are better hunters than young boys but after puberty, boys are better.
Japanese cultural analysts such as Murakami emphasize that:
a. Japanese will always feel inferior to Americans.
b. Japanese will always feel superior to Americans.
c. Japanese art has little or nothing to do with non-Japanese people.
d. Japan has not really come to grips with its role in World War II.
e. Japanese art will only truly be successful when it is collected in American and
Europe.
In the United States today, what percentage of the population currently is involved in
agricultural production?
a. 0.5%.
b. 1.0%.
c. 2.5%.
d. 4.0%.
e. 12%.
More than 1 billion of the world’s population live on less than $1 a day but a meal for
two at a good restaurant in a major wealthy city can easily top $100.
Name two primary ways that culture changes.
The integration of resources, labor, and capital into a global network is called
__________.
Discuss the primary causes of the ethnic war that erupted among groups in the former
Yugoslavia once the nation-state was dismantled.
Members of Melanesian cargo cults believe that the material wealth of whites was the
result of their secret magical knowledge.
What are the disadvantages of cultural adaptation over biological adaptation?
In India, social interaction with one’s mother’s parents is very different from that with
one’s father’s parents.
The levirate is a custom in which the woman marries her deceased husband’s brother.
Why do kinship systems use the metaphor of biology?
There is no scientific evidence that one individual can kill another through the use of
sorcery.
Name at least 3 challenges associated with collaborative ethnography.
Population scientists have accurately estimated the human carrying capacity of the
world.
In North India, the kinship system uses bifurcation.
Endogamy is the social rule that you must marry within your own group.
How has political instability affected the Ju”hoansi?