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1) the tools of the mind project tries to teach a. abstract thinking b. self-regulation through play c. grammar d. moral concepts through fairy tales 2) on the topic of infantile amnesia, schachtel expanded on freud. freud saw infantile amnesia […]

1) which of the following is not associated with rousseaus thought? a. romanticism b. child-centered education c.metacognition d.recapitulation 2) eriksons child rearing advice sounds most similar to that of a. gesell b. locke c. piaget d. skinner Answer: a 3) […]

1) according to bowlby, a human baby crawling after a parent a.is following innate, evolved tendencies b.has imprinted on the parent c.is attached to the parent d.all of the above 2) chomskys position differs from that of a. piaget on […]

1) clara thompson said that penis envy in girls is actually a.a cry for equal opportunity b.womb envy c.more valid than women will admit d.quite pathological 2) mandalas express the archetype of the a. self b. ego c. anima d. […]

1) locke discussed a. models b. rewards and punishments c. small steps d. all of the above 2) mahlers belief in the caretakers patient availability is similar to the view of a. montessori b. ainsworth c. both montessori and ainsworth […]

1) piaget most often linked the various forms of preoperational thought to a. egocentrism b. hierarchic integration c. a lack of conservation d. transductive thinking 2) imprinting is most precisely defined as the process by which a.the releasing stimuli of […]

1) which of the following develops after all the others? a. negatives b. transformations c. agent-action-object categories d. pauses that show a sensitivity to phrase structure 2) in vygotskys theory, inner speech a.contradicts werners concept of microgenesis b.articulates dimly formed […]

1) the epilogue asserts that computers a. are best used for higher-order thinking b. take time away from sensory development c. rob children of their independence d. all of the above 2) looking at old age, erikson focused on a. […]

1) vygotsky believed that culture and society a. are the causes of human misery b. contribute powerfully to peoples thinking c. are useless d. are utopian dreams 2) a study by bell and ainsworth suggests that when parents consistently respond […]

1) werner believed that physiognomic perception is dominant in a.children b.artists c.schizophrenic patients d.all of the above 2) the text says the story of hansel and gretel illustrates conflicts at a. the oral stage b. the anal stage c. the […]

1) which defense mechanism is most typically at play in the anal stage? a.displacement b.substitution c.denial d.reaction-formation 2) one of the criticisms of erikson, advanced by robert white, is that erikson a. overlooked the need for anthropological fieldwork b. didnt […]

1) j. b. watson a.applied classical conditioning to child development b.said there are no innate emotions c.provided new insights into the role of discriminative stimuli d.all of the above 2) when the infant begins pulling back from the mother to […]

1) vygotsky thought of play as a. useless b. involving rules c. totally impulsive d. totally free 2) microgenesis means a.the micro-analysis of development in diverse areas b.the same principles apply to microorganisms as to higher species c.each thought or […]

1) the epilogue argues that children need more opportunities a. in the arts b. for play c. to explore nature d. all of the above 2) ego integrity most basically includes a. a complete honesty in ones relations to others […]

1) for jung, the man within the woman is called the a. animus b. anima c. persona d. shadow 2) the issue of parental discipline usually first arises at eriksons stage of a. trust vs. mistrust b. autonomy vs. shame, […]

1) an example of a discriminative stimulus is a boy who a.is startled by the sight of a dog b.works only when immediately rewarded c.cries to get attention d.works hard only when the teacher says, this paper will be graded […]

1) one of vygotskys laws was that a.behavior begins as action and then become increasingly verbal and logical b.the dialectic of history manifests itself in the cognitive conflicts between individuals c.children first learn the social forms of behavior, then apply […]

1) a favorable resolution of the conflict between initiative and guilt in eriksons theory leads to a sense of a. competence b. purpose c. industry d. will 2) vygotsky was interested in speech and memory aids as a. aspects of […]

1) responses that are intermittently rather than continuously reinforced are a.less likely to generalize b.less subject to negative reinforcement c.more difficult to extinguish d.all of the above 2) some contemporary ethologists prefer the term sensitive period to critical period to […]