1) which of the following develops after all the others?
a. negatives
b. transformations
c. agent-action-object categories
d. pauses that show a sensitivity to phrase structure
2) in vygotskys theory, inner speech
a.contradicts werners concept of microgenesis
b.articulates dimly formed thoughts and feelings
c.emphasizes the precise meanings of words but not their feeling-
tones
d.uses excessive words
3) in a special discussion on the ethological approach to play, the textbook author says
a. play seems present in all young mammals
b. play seems unique to humans and other primates
c. play is primarily a product of culture
d. bowlbys theory of play was quite correct
4) when we learn from the consequences that follow the actions of others, the process is
called
a.modeling
b.symbolic modeling
c.consequence observation
d.vicarious reinforcement
5) locke thought children
a.are like blank slates
b.are preformed at birth
c.grow according to an inner timetable
d.develop in a series of stages
6) contemporary vygotskians see childrens make-believe play as
a. requiring initial adult support
b. spontaneous
c. basically autistic
d. much as piaget saw it
7) in montessoris view, the teacher should be
a.an authority to whom the child can turn for sound advice
b.mainly out of the picture
c.sociable and creative
d.affectionate but not smothering
8) in kohlbergs just community approach
a.moral dialogue and moral atmosphere frequently advance moral
thinking two or more stages
b.high school students are frequently friendlier to one another, but
their moral thinking remains about the same
c.there is little relationship between moral thought and moral
behavior
d.the moral thinking of high school students advances somewhat,
primarily from stage 2 to 3
9) piaget and vygotsky most strongly disagreed over
a.the definitions of scientific and spontaneous concepts
b.the existence of egocentric speech
c.the importance of children making their own discoveries
d.all of the above
10) who among the following sees no value in regression to childlike thinking?
a. werner
b. kohlberg
c. maslow
d. some psychoanalysts
11) the text criticizes werner for
a.being unclear on the discontinuity issue
b.not taking clear stands
c.overvaluing artistic development
d.being too phenomenological
12) what freudian agency of the mind criticizes us on moral grounds?
a.the id
b.the ego
c.the superego
d.the repression barrier
13) rousseau
a.was considered a master classroom teacher
b.was inspired by montessori
c.was a failure as a father
d.was dedicated to preformationism
14) a man constantly complains about the one thing i cannot stand in people. to jung,
the complaint is likely to reflect
a. the collective unconscious
b. the negative archetype
c. a projection of the shadow
d. all of the above