1) according to bowlby, a human baby crawling after a parent
a.is following innate, evolved tendencies
b.has imprinted on the parent
c.is attached to the parent
d.all of the above
2) chomskys position differs from that of
a. piaget on the extent of genetic control
b. bandura on the influence of models
c. werner on the specialized nature of language
d. all of the above
3) the united states constitution, with its rights and procedures, illustrates moral
thinking at kohlbergs
a.stage 3
b.stage 4
c.stage 5
d.stage 6
4) according to the text, the most significant criticism of mahlers theory has to do with
a. the phase of normal autism
b. the phase of normal symbiosis
c. the neglect of fathers role in development
d. the absence of statistic data
5) according to erikson, trust ultimately depends on
a. the infants feeling that he or she is loved
b. the parents consistency and predictability
c. the resolution of anger in the mother/infant bond
d. the parents own confidence
6) an example of synesthesia is
a.hearing a sound as yellow
b.remembering dreams in vivid detail
c.viewing a triangle as alive
d.remembering a scene in precise detail
7) for erikson, gaining maturity in adulthood primarily means
a. caring for others
b. finding ones unique identity
c. persevering in ones goals
d. gaining independence
8) kohlbergs stage 7
a. may include a spiritual sense of oneness with the cosmos
b .has been found to be a clearer version of stage 6
c. is a highly rational, western moral orientation
d. tries to show that life has no purpose
9) in the epilogue, the authors discussion of difficult instruction
a. draws on the ideas of werner
b. draws on the ideas of rousseau
c. suggests how we can raise the bar
d. suggests more time is needed in outdoor nature
10) in bowlbys scheme, which of the following does not occur during the same phase of
attachment?
a.the moro reflex
b.social smiling
c.greeting a returning parent
d.cooing and babbling
11) according to bandura, observational learning from models, compared to operant
conditioning, is frequently
a.more scientific
b.faster
c.more influenced by schedules of reinforcement
d.more easily extinguished
12) skinner argued that internal events such as thoughts
a.have no place in behaviorism
b.should only be studied if they can be observed and measured
c.are less important than pavlov said they are
d.are less important than watson said they are
13) (a) describe freuds theory of the oedipal crisis and its resolution in the boy and the
girl. (b) summarize a major criticism of freuds theory of the oedipus complex (with
respect to either the boy or the girl).
14) (a) why did vygotsky believe the zone of proximal development provides a better
indication of students potential than conventional achievement tests? (b) in the
evaluation section, the textbook author presents a rousseauist critique of this concept.
discuss one (1) of the points the author makes.
15) a person says, you have to obey the law; otherwise you will get punished. this
person is probably reasoning at kohlbergs
a. stage 1
b. stage 2
c. stage 3
d. stage 4