1) an example of a discriminative stimulus is a boy who
a.is startled by the sight of a dog
b.works only when immediately rewarded
c.cries to get attention
d.works hard only when the teacher says, this paper will be
graded
2) ethologists
a. initially like to observe each species in natural settings
b. prefer to study the evolution of physical behavior
c. prefer to study behavior under scientific conditions in laboratories
d. all of the above
3) which of the following is not a point piaget made?
a.logic is a very internalized form of motor action
b.the first symbols are motor actions, not words
c.the rates of development vary from child to child
d.preoperational thought inspires artistic creativity
4) chomsky proposes parameter-setting to explain
a. learning the rules of particular languages
b. universal grammar
c. the acquisition of structure dependence
d. the transformation of deep structure to surface structure
5) in montessoris view, a teacher who needs to shout at his or her children is probably
making the following mistake: the teacher
a.has not set forth the class rules clearly and forcefully
b.hasnt learned to use more subtle methods of control
c.is using individual rather than group techniques of classroom
control
d.is not using materials that absorb the childrens interests
6) in werners organismic theory
a.perception is initially fused with actions and feelings
b.the goal is to study psychological processes as separate functions
c.the organism thinks abstractly from early infancy
d.all of the above
7) over the years, bandura has come to view piagets theory as
a.similar to his own
b.still wrong in major respects
c.correct about external standards
d.correct about stages
8) bettelheim believed that autistic symptoms
a. are the childs greatest spontaneous achievement
b. should be eliminated, but gradually
c. are directly taught to them by parents and others
d. are crude imitations of adult behavior
9) according to bowlby and ainsworth, a one-year-old boy who uses the mother as a
base of support
a.behaves in a healthy manner
b.is a bit too dependent for this age
c.is likely to be classified as insecure-ambivalent
d.is likely to be classified as insecure-avoidant
10) vygotsky believed egocentric or self-directed speech
a. is useless to children
b. is useful to children
c. is a perceptual failure
d. refutes the zone of proximal development
11) briefly contrast banduras view of learning with skinners view.
12) using conservation as an example, describe the major difference between
preoperational and concrete operational thought.
13) what did werner mean by microgenesis and microgenetic mobility? give examples.
discuss some valuable aspects of these concepts.
14) montessori said the young childs thought and behavior are frequently quite different
than ours. give two (2) examples, basing your answers on her observations at two (2)
sensitive periods.
15) a 50-year-old businessman appears successful in every way. he had done well in his
work, has a fine family, and is a respected member of his community. but he starts
feeling very empty and depressed. he also is troubled by strange dreams which include
mysterious female figures. what would jung say is going on?