1) which of the following is not associated with rousseaus thought?
a. romanticism
b. child-centered education
c.metacognition
d.recapitulation
2) eriksons child rearing advice sounds most similar to that of
a. gesell
b. locke
c. piaget
d. skinner
3) shaping
a.is technically similar to negative reinforcement
b.is a method of small steps
c.is the method for getting the organism in shape for the
experiment
d.is a form of punishment
4) according to the text, research tends to show that montessori education, compared to
other approaches, promotes
a.the strongest advances in attitudes toward learning
b.slow verbal development; advanced mathematical thinking
c.clear advances in all areas of achievement
d.little positive change; results are ambiguous
5) which of the following is not on banduras list of variables strongly influencing
self-efficacy appraisals?
a.vicarious experiences
b.physiological cues
c.non-judgmental acceptance
d.pep talks
6) one of chomskys basic disagreements with piaget concerns the extent to which
language
a. involves symbols
b. is spontaneously created by the child
c. is a specialized activity
d. possesses universal properties
7) when we attribute our own feelings to others, the freudian defense mechanism is
a.displacement
b.projection
c.repression
d.reaction-formation
8) breifly describe a basic similarity between the views of maslow and x number of the
following:
a. rousseau
b. gesell
c. piaget
d. schachtel
e. jung
f. werner
9) classical conditioning deals with
a.the pairing of stimuli that precede responses
b.conditioning of reflexes and innate behavior
c.extinction
d.all of the above
10) in skinners view, punishment
a.can also be called negative reinforcement
b.often produces unwanted side effects
c.is an effective way to eliminate attention-getting behavior
d.is rare in the modern world
11) our early ancestors seem to have foraged about in small groups and were threatened
by large predators. bowlby referred to this as
a.the early period of attachment formation
b.early proximity-seeking behavior
c.the pre-technological period
d.the environment of adaptedness
12) what most puzzled freud about the girls oedipus complex was
a.why girls experience penis envy
b.why girls arent as open as boys about sexual matters
c.why girls feel a need to resolve the crisis
d.why girls develop a masculinity complex
13) which educator would be most impressed by vygotsky? an educator
a.who believes in letting kids be kids
b.who believes students need lots of time to figure things out for
themselves
c.who thinks children can initially profit from assistance
d.who wants thinking to be spontaneous, unself-conscious process
14) maslow found that self-actualizers, compared to most people, are
a. free from pressures to conform
b. rebellious against social conventions
c. intellectual
d. motivated by a hierarchy of needs
15) the text suggests vygotsky described the interactions between inner and outer forces
behind development
a.in a clear and precise way
b.in an imbalanced way
c.in a clearer manner with respect to language than school
instruction
d.in a clearer manner for older than younger children