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1) the tools of the mind project tries to teach
a. abstract thinking
b. self-regulation through play
c. grammar
d. moral concepts through fairy tales
2) on the topic of infantile amnesia, schachtel expanded on freud. freud saw infantile
amnesia is primarily due to
a. long-term memory loss
b. pathology
c. repression
d. voluntary forgetting
3) according to ainsworth, in the healthiest pattern of attachment, the child is
a. able to explore without the mothers presence
b. securely attached
c. vigilant
d. cognitively gifted
4) in werners terminology, a person who sees a room as cold and rejecting illustrates
a.differentiation
b.hierarchic integration
c.physiognomic perception
d.all of the above
5) laboratory research by hess documented the ending of the critical or sensitive period
for imprinting is associated with
a.locomotion
b.visual acuity
c.the capacity for association learning
d.the onset of the fear response
6) a child raised by rousseaus method at the age of 10 or 12 would not be
a.athletic
b. happy
c. spontaneous
d. sophisticated
7) a child who can find a completely hidden object but cannot follow visible
displacement is in what stage of sensorimotor development?
a. stage 3
b. stage 4
c. stage 5
d. stage 6
8) a 4-year-old who had begun drawing in a clockwise direction shifts to a
counterclockwise preference. the childs behavior illustrates the principle of
a.functional asymmetry
b.individuality
c.temporary disequilibrium
d.reciprocal interweaving
9) scaffolding
a. gradually removes assistance to the child
b. is a form of inner speech
c. refers to instruction in scientific concepts
d. all of the above
10) in jungs view
a. development in the first half of life is naturally one-sided
b. adults should get beyond the self
c. people should remain youthful as they grow older
d. images of the afterlife interfere with individuation
11) vygotsky created the zone of proximal development
a.to assess childrens potential for new learning
b.to give educators a true assessment of childrens current
intelligence
c.to distinguish between the truly gifted and other children
d.to indicate the childs potential for independent learning
12) montessori
a.frequently quoted locke
b.had a relatively smooth personal life
c.was italys first female physician
d.initially worked with middle class children
13) vygotsky was perhaps the first to advance many concepts. which is not among the
list?
a.mediation
b.metacognition
c.repression
d.inner speech
14) eriksons stages, compared to piagets stages, are
a. more universal
b. more difficult to attain
c. more maturationally governed
d. all of the above
15) according to the text, the most basic difference between skinner and the
developmentalists has to do with
a.the issue of stages
b.the source of developmental changeinner or outer
c.the continuity-discontinuity issue
d.the importance of emotions in the developmental process
16) when children consider rules fixed and unchangeable, piaget used the term
a. moral absolutes
b. hierarchical thinking
c. moral heteronomy
d. moral autonomy
17) rousseau primarily disagreed with locke over
a.the extent to which children are curious
b.the extent to which children are innately wicked or innocent
c.whether social factors can influence behavior
d.the extent to which children should be guided by adults
18) engels argued that early tool use promoted the development of
a.language
b.abstract thinking
c.cooperation
d.all of the above
19) in their book, symbol formation, werner and kaplan argued that
words
a.retain their physical feeling tones in adults
b.are tied to objects in conventional and arbitrary ways
c.are mastered at a rapid pace in childhood
d.can best be understood by referring to chomsky
20) how has erikson expanded freuds stages? illustrate with respect to the oral stage.
21) what did schachtel mean by infantile amnesia, and how did his explanation of it
differ from freuds?
22) must we go through all the stages in eriksons theory? in piagets theory? explain.
23) compare conventional and postconventional morality in kohlbergs theory.
24) piagets critics charge that he made the preoperational child appear too inept. briefly
review their evidence and discuss the textbooks response to this charge.
25) briefly describe one (1) of the criticisms of gesell.
