Archives: Quiz

A good way to avoid sampling bias in the assessment of public opinion about a specific criminal justice topic is to employ the use of a radio call-in show since those who call radio talk shows represent everyone in the […]

Which of the following does not represent a criterion for causality? a. there is a correlation between the cause and the effect b. the cause precedes the effect in time c. the change in the effect is not caused by […]

For fear of being sued, governmental agencies rarely keep records that document their actions and areas of responsibility. a. True b. False Open Coding is also defined as: a. brainstorming b. data reduction c. ground theory d. qualitative note taking […]

In this role the researcher observes some location or process without becoming a part of it in any way? a. complete participation b. complete observer c. participant-as-observer d. observer-as-participant The most widely used measures of crime are based on police […]

According to the textbook, which two series of crime measures seek to assess the magnitude, nature, and impact of crime in the Nation? a. UCR and NIBRS b. UCR and NCVS c. UCR and Part I Crimes d. UCR and […]

In the classical experiment subjects are measured on the independent variable before the experiment begins and again after the dependent variable has been manipulated by the researcher. a. True b. False Which of the following statistical techniques relies upon testing […]

UCR crime data is reported broken down into how many parts? a. one whole report b. two parts c. four different sections d. three parts When neither the subjects nor the researcher can identify which group is the control group […]

Which of the following is true concerning independent and dependent variables in classical experiments? a. a variable can be an independent in one experiment and a dependent in another b. once a variable is designated as an independent variable in […]

The National Crime Victimization Survey prevents researchers of the public from having information on a victim’s a. age b. relationship to an offender c. place of residence d. gender A qualitative interview involves participants and researchers: a. interaction b. negotiation […]

The “Chicago School” founded by Burgess and Park was influential in our understanding of why children failed in schools. a. True b. False A definition that spells out exactly how we plan to measure a variable is known as: a. […]

Sampling is used for two reasons, sometimes it is not necessary to collect data from all persons and it: a. is possible to collect data from all persons b. is statistically significant c. is often not possible to collect information […]

Random selection permits the researcher to link findings from a sample to the body of probability theory in order to estimate the accuracy of those findings. a. True b. False Which of the following is not illustrative of the case […]

Interviews in field research which are somewhat structured (as opposed to unstructured) would be appropriate for use on which group? a. death row inmates b. juveniles c. police officers d. criminals Causally related can also be expressed as a. one […]

Police measurement of crime is imperfect because: a. people do not always report crimes to the police b. police do not always record crimes that become known to them c. police do not always record crimes that they observe d. […]

Dr. Jones wanted to display the findings of the sentences given in his local courthouse on one summer day. If the sentences, displayed in months, were 10, 18, 24, 36, 18, 70, 30, then which of the following measures of […]

Confidentiality and anonymity mean the same thing so they can be used interchangeably. a. True b. False What is the proper relationship between validity and reliability with respect to field research? a. field research is weak on validity but strong […]

Both structured and semi structured interviews have standardized questions. a. True b. False Professor White asked his students to put the number of hours each studied for the final exam on a piece of paper and turn that paper in […]

The Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics is the most comprehensive Bureau of Justice Statistics publication. It includes a multitude of data including all of the following except: a. characteristics of criminal justice agencies b. public opinion answers coming from the […]

Dr. Smith is doing an observational study in a local jail and discovers that inmates who are respectful to the correctional officers get more telephone calls than inmates who are disrespectful. What technique has been employed in the study? a. […]

Which of the following is not a concern when a researcher uses an interrupted time-series design? a. reliability of experimental treatment b. history c. instrumentation d. construct validity One way social science differs from our casual day-to-day inquiry is that […]

In order to conduct research involving non-human subjects a university must establish an institutional review board (IRB). a. True b. False Studying how people think is not an appropriate topic of study for a qualitative interview. a. True b. False […]

You want to know why some states that have the death penalty as a punishment use it more than other states. In order to develop your design, you identify those states that have capital punishment and those that do not. […]

The operational definition of any variable is composed of: a. the hypothesis b. the content analysis c. manifest content d. attributes Which of the following are not efforts that you can employ as situational crime prevention techniques? a. keeping your […]

Four purposes of research are exploration, description, explanation, and application. a. True b. False Summary statistics, or measures of central tendency, include the mode, mean and median. a. True b. False Answer: True Which of the following is an ethical […]

Qualitative data analysis usually begins with data management and reduction. a. True b. False The size of the sample and the standard error are related in which of the following ways? a. the standard error is not related to the […]

In order for there to be no ethical considerations in doing criminal justice research, the researcher must do all of the following except a. ensure that participation in the study is voluntary b. make sure that no physical, emotional or […]

Which of the following would not be an example of an evidence-based policy? a. the use of CCTV in public entertainment districts to reduce property crime b. acquaintance rape of college students c. underage drinking d. Compstat Which of the […]

Every local and state enforcement agency: a. shares records among themselves b. maintains its own records c. transfers all information and data to the Internet d. destroys all information not pertinent to crime studies A great way to make sense […]

A major difference between group therapy and group counseling lies in a. the techniques employed to facilitate the process of interaction. b. the group’s goals. c. the age of the participants. d. the theoretical orientation of the group leader. When […]

All of the following describe adanger of utilizing psychodrama EXCEPT a. participants being left without adequate closure. b. use of power on the part of the leader appropriately. c. pushing people beyond the level to which they want to work. […]

Characteristics of the initial stage are a. consolidation of group learning. b. reluctance. c. termination and follow-up. d. orientation and exploration. What is the reality therapy view of the medical model? a. A useful way to understand psychopathology b. A […]

A central role of membersduring the transition stageis to recognize and deal with the many forms of defensiveness. These tasks include the following EXCEPT a. recognizing and expressing the range of feelings and thoughts. b. moving from dependence to independence. […]

_______________ may exhibit defensive behaviors, and unless these behaviors are recognized and explored, defensiveness can seriously interfere with the group process. a. Trusting members b. Reluctant members c. Members willing to share and open up d. Non-group members Staying in […]

One method used to teach coping skills is a_____________________, which is a shaping strategy in which clients are encouraged to perform small sequential steps leading to a goal. a. graded task assignment b. cognitive behavioral baby step c. coping sequence […]

Offering possible explanations for certain thoughts, feelings, and patterns of behavior is defined as a. interpreting. b. evaluating. c. giving feedback. d. active listening. The founder of reality therapy is a. William Glasser. b. Albert Bandura. c. Alfred Adler. d. […]

In the _________________, there is no intention of changing a behavior pattern. a. precontemplation stage b. contemplation stage c. preparation stage d. action stage Group work offers many opportunities to complete all of the following EXCEPT a. agree on homework […]

The rational emotive behavior approach to group therapy considers the relationship between the group leader and members to be a. important mainly as a means to an endthat is, of getting results. b. the central therapeutic tool. c. of very […]

Which is NOT generally a function of the psychodrama director? a. To warm up the group before action takes place b. To coach other members to act as doubles c. To offer suggestions regarding what scenes might be enacted d. […]

One of the aims of existential therapy is to challenge people to stop deceiving themselves regarding a. the kind of friends with whom they are associating. b. their early childhood experiences. c. their lack of responsibility for what is happening […]

In Gestalt therapy, awareness is best described as a. introspection. b. intellectual presence. c. recognition of current feelings, actions, and sensations. d. recognition of why one struggles with a certain problem. Glasser believed schools should be structured in ways to […]

REBT belongs to which general category of theory? a. Psychodynamic b. Client-centered and experientially oriented c. Existential d. Cognitive-behavioral Existential psychotherapy involves asking a. members to examine mistaken beliefs that are shaping their private logic. b. deep questions about the […]

The death penalty is used in all states and by the federal government. a. True b. False A number of county law enforcement agencies are now engaging in anti-terror and homeland security activities. a. True b. False Answer: True Which […]

In a consent search, individuals waive their constitutional rights. a. True b. False In which 1994 case did the court rule that prison officials are legally liable if, knowing that an inmate faces a serious risk of harm, they disregard […]

Intensive probation supervision has been proven effective at reducing re-offending rates. a. True b. False The concept of attorney competence was defined by the U.S. Supreme Court in what case? a. Gideon v. Wainwright b. Stricklandv.Washington c. Burger v. Kemp […]

Which type of cyber vandalism appears as a benign application which actually contains codes that can damage the system operations? a. Mydoom b. Trojan horse c. Malware d. Dhiseling What group formed the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of […]

What term is used to describe the phenomena where black officers must deal with the expectation that they will give members of their own race a break, while at the same time they experience overt racism from their police colleagues? […]

Which courts review whether the judge conducted the trial in an approved manner? a. Magistrate courts b. Special courts c. Appellate courts d. There is no court to review the conduct of the judge during trial. Which of the following […]

John was born into a family that didn’t have very much money, and it seemed that his parents struggled to put and keep food on the table. As he grew up he found school boring despite being smart, so he […]

The creation of the Chicago Crime Commission in 1919 was the first time the work of the criminal justice system was recognized. a. True b. False The Supreme Court has used case law to define the boundaries of the Miranda […]

In recent years, the view of correctional officers has changed to; a. One where they have the most dangerous job in the U.S. b. One where they are seen as ruthless that enjoys their power c. One where they are […]