What term is used to describe the phenomena where black officers must deal with the
expectation that they will give members of their own race a break, while at the same
time they experience overt racism from their police colleagues?
a. The black curtain
b. Double marginality
c. Inherent role conflict
d. Toxic race relations
The concept of attorney competence was defined by the U.S. Supreme Court in the case
of Stricklandv.
Washington.
a. True
b. False
Barry has been a police officer since 1972. He has seen a lot of changes happen to his
department and the culture of policing in general. In the 70’s most of his fellow officers
were white men. He figures that the idea of adding more women and minorities to the
force is great because it may be easier to respond to certain incidents if you have
heterogeneity.
Barry made detective back in 2005 but his partner has just retired. His new partner is a
woman, he is ok with that, but thinks that she might have trouble. What type of trouble
is she likely to run into as a police officer?
a. double marginality
b. the blue curtain
c. more disciplinary action
d. cynicism
What is the most common definition of a felony?
a. A crime punishable in the statute by death or imprisonment in a state prison.
b. Any crime punishable by imprisonment in a jail or state prison.
c. A crime punishable by grand jury indictment.
d. Any crime for which one can be imprisoned for more than three years in prison.
DNA profiling gained national attention because of the trial.
a. Martha Stewart
b. O.J. Simpson
c. Rodney King
d. Scopes Monkey
AFIS is a(n):
a. national data base of DNA records.
b. computerized fingerprint system.
c. automated stolen vehicle data base.
d. up-to-date fugitive identification system.
The exercise of power is granted to those who control the criminal justice system. In
policing they are given the power to;
a. charge
b. punish
c. use force, when necessary
d. sentence
Sean has gotten in a fight with another inmate, and he will be transferred to another
prison with a different custody level. What will be the likely choice for Sean who is
now considered more violent?
a. federal prison camp
b. halfway house
c. jail
d. maximum security
Resentencing an offender to probation after a short prison stay is termed:
a. shock probation.
b. intensive probation supervision.
c. split sentencing.
d. residential community corrections.
Jill, her new cellmate and the other women in the prison get regular medical checkups
and in Jill’s case, she gets additional appointments with the doctors because she is
pregnant. They see a counselor and the administration is attempting to address the
counseling and programming needs of all inmates. What is the main reason there is
such an effort to do this for people who committed crimes?
a. As a population, they are the most in need of these services.
b. Inmates are protected from cruel and unusual punishment.
c. Inmates have a right to adequate medical care.
d. Seeing doctors is included in their 4thamendment rights.
Approximately of the states have three-strikes laws but nearly of them require the third
felony be a serious one.
a. 1/4 ; one half
b. 1/2 ; all
c. 3/4 ; none
d. all of ; one quarter
Which policing style utilizes the least amount of discretion?
a. Crime fighter
b. Social agent
c. Law enforcer
d. Watchman
What did the Court rule in Tatev.Short?
a. Incarcerating a person who is financially unable to pay a fine discriminates against
the poor.
b. All criminal defendants, regardless of financial situation, may be fined and
incarcerated if unable to pay the fine.
c. Offenders must be offered a community service alternative to fine payment.
d. Most fines were imposed in an arbitrary and discriminatory manner that violates
constitutional rights
UCR data suggests that the average police officer makes less than one felony arrest
every months.
a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
d. 8
Which of the following is an index crime?
a. Kidnapping
b. Forgery
c. Simple assault
d. Motor vehicle theft
Which justice perspective advocates mediation rather than coercive punishment?
a. Rehabilitation
b. Nonintervention
c. Equal justice
d. Restorative justice
In , the Court ruled that the probation officer/client relationship is not confidential.
a. UnitedStatesv.Weeks
b. Minnesota v. Murphy
c. Griffinv.Wisconsin
d. UnitedSatesv.Knights
Which duty involves evaluating the probationer based on information from the initial
intake or presentence investigation?
a. Investigation
b. Intake
c. Diagnosis
d. Treatment supervision
The inconvenience and physical strains that come from rotating shift work are examples
of:
a. external stressors.
b. organizational stressors.
c. duty stressors.
d. individual stressors.
Which bail system requires the defendant to pay a percentage of the bond to a bonding
agent who then posts the full bail amount?
a. Surety bail system
b. Deposit bail system
c. Release on recognizance system
d. Privately secured bail system
Which of the following statements is true?
a. From 1900 to 1935, the U.S. experienced a sustained increase in criminal activity.
b. Organized gangs flourished in the largest cities of the U.S. in the early 1900s.
c. The first criminal gangs formed before the Civil War in urban slums.
d. All of the above statements are true.
Which standard of the insanity defense excuses a person whose mental disease makes it
impossible to control their conduct?
a. Durham Rule
b. Products Test
c. M’Naghten Rule
d. Irresistible Impulse Test
When violence rates surged in the 1980’s, the increase was due almost entirely to young
people.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is false regarding new-generation jails?
a. Unobserved inmates are essentially unsupervised.
b. Continuous observation of residents is permitted.
c. Direct supervision jails involve a cluster of cells surrounding a living area.
d. Indirect supervision jails are a type of new-generation jail.
Which cause of crime most closely fits with Andrew’s actions?
a. personality theory
b. social learning theory
c. cognitive theory
d. choice theory
Jeff Johnson is the newest judge to take the bench in the 5th district of Virginia. He
spent 25 years as a prosecutor before being elected to the court. He is known for his
lenient views on drugs and his extreme views on crimes of violence. Judge Johnson is
about to sentence a drug offender for the 3rd time.
Judge Johnson views drug abuse as a sickness and a public health not a criminal issue.
What type of sentencing for this defendant would the judge likely favor?
a. concurrent sentencing
b. indeterminate sentencing
c. determinate sentencing
d. structured sentencing
Madalyn’s department is trying something new to fight crime. Her orders are to
maintain a presence in the community, get to know the business owners and residents
and gain their trust. Why would she do this as part of her police duties?
a. aggressive policing increases crime
b. technology has made the police cold and impersonal
c. police need community cooperation to reduce fear and crime
d. this is the main role of patrol officers
Which of the following is false regarding education and the police?
a. Educated officers are better able to communicate with the public.
b. Administrators believe that educated officers generate fewer citizen complaints.
c. Educated officers have greater disciplinary problems due to job boredom.
d. Higher educated officer have greater self-confidence and assurance.
Getting used to prison hasn”t been easy for Ben. He is a homosexual and was in a
committed relationship on the outside, and now he misses his partner. Even though he is
in an all-male institution, he has never been assaulted or victimized, even though there
is a lot of male relationships. What is the most likely reason that Ben hasn”t been
propositioned by other inmates?
a. Ben’s partner comes to visit and others know he is “off limits”.
b. Ben has been prisonized.
c. Ben ignores the inmate social code.
d. Ben is true to himself.
Which view of crime suggests that individuals are born “good” and become “bad” as
they mature?
a. Social reaction theory
b. Social control theory
c. Social structure theory
d. Social learning theory
The child savers movement was made up of middle-class civic leaders who helped poor
children.
a. True
b. False
About how many juvenile cases are processed and treated each year?
a. 1.6 million
b. 2.6 million
c. 3.6 million
d. 4.6 million
Using examples, elaborate on the types of factors which affect the prosecutor’s
discretionary decision-making process.
The _____perspective has influenced the development of sentencing policies that
emphasize mandatory punishments.
The statement “Neighborhoods give off crime promoting signals” is a point made
by____in the Broken Windows model
______is a type of cyber vandalism that occurs when a computer hacker intrudes on
another person’s website by inserting or substituting codes that expose visitors to the
site to misleading or provocative information
Illegal_____occurs when individuals make securities recommendations and fail to
disclose that they are being paid to disseminate their favorable opinions.
Using the supervision of citizen volunteers called______ , Zebulon Brockway selected
rehabilitated offenders for early release.
Under truth in sentencing laws______inmates entering prison will serve an average of
88 months behind bars.
Elaborate on the major goals of criminal sentencing. What message regarding crime and
criminals does each of these objectives convey?
With pretrial diversion programs there was always a suspicion that they would____of
the justice system.
The_____ rule is the oldest deadly use of force standard, dating back to English
Common Law times.
The racial threat hypothesis explains that an increase of minorities in the population can
correlate to an increase of___________________.
_____is credited with the passage of the Metropolitan Police Act that established the
first organized police force in London.
In the federal system prosecutors are known as______ and are appointed by the
president.
Explain the CSI effect and use supporting information from the research to determine if
it really exists.
Elaborate on the court’s involvement in concerns over the death penalty. Discuss
relevant case law.
Discuss the legal rights of juveniles, including specific reference to relevant legal cases.
Discuss the history of punishment, including the rise of prisons.