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Solutions Manual (version 2) for: Environmental Engineering: Fundamentals, Sustainability, Design John Wiley & Sons, 2014. (James R. Mihelcic & Julie B. Zimmerman) ISBN: 978‐1‐118‐74149‐8 2nd Edition Solution Manual written by: Colleen C. Naughton Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South […]

1.10 To compare plastic and paper bags in terms of acquisition of raw materials, manufacturing and processing, use and disposal, we’ll use data provided by Franklin Associates, a nationally known consulting firm whose clients include the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency […]

Chapter 10. Solid Waste Management 10.1 A community with a population of 150,000 has a solid waste generation rate of 1.5 kg solid waste/day-person. Assume that yard waste makes up 15% of the total waste generated (by weight) and yard […]

Calculate the moles of methane produced using Equation 10.3 where a=7.85, b=12.46, c=5.69, and d=0.14. 4(7.85)+12.46 −2(5.69)−3(0.14) 8= 4.01 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 Using the ideal gas law, at 0oC (273oK), there are 22.4 L gas per mole or 0.0224 m3 of gas […]

Chapter 11. Air Resources Engineering 11.1 Carbon monoxide (CO) is measured to have a concentration of 103 µg/m3. What is the concentration in (a) ppmv, (b) ppbv, and, (c) percent by volume? Assume a temperature of 25°C and pressure of […]

11.9 This problem allows you to think about how exposure impacts the concentration of air pollutants you are exposed to. (a) Maintain a diary for one full day and record all the locations you visit. Include the times of entry […]

11.27 Between 1980 and 2000, the average CO emission factor of the vehicle fleet in Hillsborough County, Florida, dropped by almost half, from about 65 to 34 grams of CO per vehicle–mile driven. However, the total miles driven in the […]

11.35 For slightly unstable atmospheric conditions, what are the values the dispersion coefficients, σy and σz, 3 km downstream in a rural area? Provide your values for (a) the correct Briggs formula and (b) a graphical method that allows you […]

Chapter 2. Environmental Measurements 2.1 (a) During drinking water treatment, 17 lb. of chlorine (Cl) are added daily to disinfect 5 million gallons of water. What is the aqueous concentration of chlorine in mg/L? (b) The chlorine demand is the […]

2.19 The dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration is measured as 0.5 mg/L in the anoxic zone and 8 mg/L near the end (of a 108-ft–long aerated biological reactor). What are these two DO concentrations in units of (a) ppmm, (b) moles/L? […]

2.35 The Department of Environmental Quality determined that toxaphene concentrations in soil exceeding 60 µg/kg (regulatory action level) can pose a threat to underlying groundwater. (a) If a 100 g sample of soil contains 10-5 g of toxaphene, what are […]

Chapter 3: Chemistry 3.1 How many grams of NaCl would you need to add to a 1 L water sample (pH = 7) so the ionic strength equaled 0.1M? Solution: 0.1 M = 1/2{[Na+] (+1)2 + [Cl–](-1)2} The concentration of […]

3.17 For the endothermic reaction, SO2(g) = S(s) + O2 will an increase in temperature increase, decrease, or have no effect on the reaction’s equilibrium constant? Solution: To answer this question, refer to the Vant Hoff relationship from Application 3.1, […]

3.32 Obtain the World Health Organization (WHO) report on “Urine diversion: Hygienic risks and microbial guidelines for reuse.” Read Chapter 4, (Pathogenic microorganisms in urine) of the WHO report. Answer the following questions. (a) Is the urine in a healthy […]

4.9 How much water must be continually added to the wet scrubber shown in Figure 4.26 in order to keep the unit running? Each of the streams is identified by a number located in a diamond symbol. Stream 1 is […]

Solutions Manual prepared by: Colleen Naughton, Ziad Katirji, Heather E. Wright Wendel, and James Mihelcic Environmental Engineering: Fundamentals, Sustainability, Design,2nd Edition James R. Mihelcic and Julie Beth Zimmerman, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2014. 4.21 Look up (a) the […]

Chapter 5. Biology 5.1 The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that diarrhea causes 4% of all deaths worldwide, killing 2.2 million people every year, mostly children in developing countries. Diarrhea is a symptom of infection caused by members of which […]

5.19 When food supplies have been exhausted, populations die away. This exponential decay is described by a simple modification of the exponential-growth model. Engineers use this model to calculate the length of time that a swimming beach must remain closed […]

5.35 A city has a population of 50,000 people, an average household generated wastewater flow of 430 L/day-person, and the average BOD5 of the untreated wastewater in population equivalents is 0.1 kg BOD5/day-person. If the BOD reaction rate coefficient for […]

Chapter 6 Environmental Risk 6.1 What is the regulatory difference in the RCRA between a hazardous and toxic substance? Solution: In regulatory terms according to RCRA, toxicity is a subset of hazardous. A hazardous waste denotes a regulated waste and […]

6.16 List the four components of a complete risk assessment. Solution: The four components of a complete risk assessment are: hazard assessment, dose- response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Solutions Manual prepared by: Colleen Naughton, Ziad Katirji, Heather E. […]

6.27 Calculate a risk–based groundwater protection standard (in ppb) for the chemical 1,2-dichloroethane for a residential homeowner where the person’s well used for drinking water is contaminated with 1,2-dichloroethane. Assume you are determining risk for an average adult who weighs […]

Chapter 7 Water: Quantity and Quality 7.1 The average annual rainfall in an area is 60 cm. The average annual evapotranspiration is 35 cm. Thirty percent of the rainfall infiltrates and percolates into the underlying aquifer; the remainder is runoff […]

7.17 You are hired to upgrade the existing water treatment plant for Nittany Lion City. Using the historical records provided in Table 7.24, forecast the water demand through 2024. The population is expected to increase about 1.8 percent per year. […]

7.34 A combined sewer overflow (CSO) discharges an effluent containing 0 mg/L of dissolved oxygen to a stream that has a dissolved-oxygen concentration of 7 mg/L upstream of the discharge. Calculate the dissolved-oxygen deficit at the mixing basin if the […]

7.47 Use the library or Internet to research one dead zone located in the United States and one located overseas, such as the Baltic Sea, northern Adriatic Sea, Yellow Sea, or Gulf of Thailand. Write a two-page report discussing environmental, […]

Chapter 8: Water Treatment 8.1 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides reports (sometimes referred to as consumer confidence reports) that explain where your drinking water comes from and whether any contaminants are in the water. Go to this information at […]

8.19 What percent of particles with diameter of 100 µm and a particle density of 2,650 kg/m3 are removed in a 1,500 m2 rectangular sedimentation basin of that contains water at 10°C? Assume the plant flow rate is 1.26×106 m3/day […]

8.31 (a) Use the Internet to research the number of people in the world who do not have access to an improved water supply. Then look up the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) at the United Nations Web site, www.un.org. MDG […]

Chapter 9. Wastewater and Stormwater: Collection, Treatment, Resource Recovery 9.1 Research an emerging chemical of concern that might be discharged to a wastewater treatment plant or household septic systems. Examples would include pharmaceuticals, caffeine, surfactants found in detergents, fragrances, and […]

9.20 A 2 g sample of MLSS obtained from an aeration basin is placed in a 1,000 mL graduated cylinder. After 30 min settling, the MLSS occupies 600 mL. Does the following sludge have good, acceptable, or poor settling characteristics? […]

𝑉𝑡=20℃ =20 𝐿 𝑑𝑎𝑦×20 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠×1 𝑚3 1,000𝐿= 0.4 𝑚3 𝐷𝑡=20℃ =�4𝑉 5𝜋 3=�4 × 0.4𝑚3 5𝜋 3=𝟎.𝟒𝟕𝒎 ℎ𝑡=20℃ = 5𝐷= 5 × 0.47𝑚=𝟐.𝟑𝒎 𝑉𝑡=30℃ =20 𝐿 𝑑𝑎𝑦× 8 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠×1 𝑚3 1,000𝐿= 0.16 𝑚3 𝐷𝑡=30℃ =�4𝑉 5𝜋 3=�4 × 0.16𝑚3 5𝜋 […]