How English Works: A Linguistic Introduction 3rd Edition

INSTRUCTORS MANUAL to accompany HOW ENGLISH WORKS A Linguistic Introduction Third Edition Anne Curzan University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michael Adams Indiana University Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London

77 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 10 Language Acquisition CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter, which provides detailed information about the process of language acquisition, hooks most students quickly: they have

83 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 11 Language Variation CHAPTER OVERVIEW The book separates general issues of language variation (Chapter 11) and American dialects (Chapter 12) to give each

89 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 12 American Dialects CHAPTER OVERVIEW It makes sense to follow Chapter 11, which considers theory and analysis of variation, with a chapter on

97 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 13 History of English: Old to Early Modern English CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter can be used in various ways, depending on the course

103 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 14 History of English: Modern and Future English CHAPTER OVERVIEW It would have been superfluous to catalogue all the features of Modern English

9 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 2 Language and Authority CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter works from the premise that authority over language should not be assumed. Students, like all

17 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 3 English Phonology CHAPTER OVERVIEW Students often find the material in this chapter the most challenging of the entire course, given its unfamiliarity

37 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 5 English Syntax: The Grammar of Words CHAPTER OVERVIEW Students often come to introductory courses in the structure of English without a solid

45 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 6 English Syntax: Phrases, Clauses, and Sentences CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter provides students with a new way of thinking about the structure of

53 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 7 Semantics CHAPTER OVERVIEW Of all aspects of language, words seem most familiar to students. Nonetheless, semantics is often counterintuitive, and many students

61 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. CHAPTER 8 Spoken Discourse CHAPTER OVERVIEW The material in this chapter typically engages most students from the beginning. The chapter gives them tools to

123 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. EXERCISE 5.2: ADJECTIVES 1. The following sentences demonstrate how these adjectives can carry different meaning in attributive and predicative position. Attributive: The late commissioner was much

143 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. c. S NP VP REL CLAUSE VP NP PP NP NP Det N Rel Pro V Det N Mod N

157 Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2012, 2009, 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 10: Language Acquisition EXERCISE 10.1: LEARNING SOUNDS a. Yes, these are two distinct phonemes in all dialects of American English. b. Yes, these are