Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice 6th Edition

While ancient insects can tell us about climate and vegetation, they cannot tell us about living conditions at archaeological sites. Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False Although taking different amounts of time according to region, environmental conditions, and technological innovations, all societies eventually progress from bands to state societies. Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False The

Which of the following is considered an archaeological indicator of ritual: a) a focus of attention (such as on a specific building) b) detection of a boundary zone between this world and the next c) symbols that indicate the presence of a deity d) presence of offerings e) all of the above Answer: e Answer: e Answer: e Explanations

According to Andrew Sherratt there was a second, later stage of domestication that he calls the Secondary Products Revolution. Sherratt argues that the Secondary Products Revolution was defined by the intensified use of animals for a) milk and cheese b) wool c) animal traction (plowing) d) all of the above are correct e) a and

Investigations led by Mandy Mottram at the site of Tell Halula revealed the site was originally composed of two tells; the techniques used included a) extensive geochemical analysis b) GIS and surface survey c) LANDSAT and SPOT data d) scraping away shallow topsoil deposits e) large-scale, box-grid excavations conducted over several years Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b Although

Geophysical methods can be very effective for land-based site identification, but are rarely effective in underwater reconnaissance. Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False Protected from outside climatic effects, caves may act as natural "conservatories," creating local climates that can promote the preservation of organic remains. Answer: True Answer: True Answer: True Iron is simply steel that contains between

____________, characteristic of the Mesolithic period, are tiny stone tools that were probably used as barbs on composite implements a) Eoliths b) Microliths c) Cores d) Phytoliths e) Otoliths Answer: b Answer: b Answer: b A standardized system of weights and measures usually indicates the presence of a) a strong local religion b) a capitalist society c) globalization d) a transition from a

Within an interaction sphere there is a tendency for the symbolic systems to converge. Where the form of a religion has much in common from center to center, as reflected in iconography, this would be an example of a) transmission of innovation b) competitive emulation c) symbolic entrainment d) flow of commodities e) evangelization Answer: c Answer:

For archaeologists trying to understand social ranking, the individual burial of a child with rich burial goods and a well-built funerary monument would suggest that a) there may have been an egalitarian system b) there may have been a sacrificial cult of children c) there may have been a system of hereditary ranking d)

Hearths are very easy to find and recognize in early prehistoric campsites. Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False Maya "emblem glyphs" can be linked to specific sites, which helps archaeologists to understand the political organization of the region. Answer: True Answer: True Answer: True The idea that the origins of great civilizations lie in the large-scale

The technique of mixing two or more metals to create a new material, such as copper and tin to make bronze, is known as a) ascribing b) annealing c) bifurcating d) conjoining e) alloying Answer: e Answer: e Answer: e Classification of artifacts is usually based on a) similar surface attributes b) similar shape attributes c) similar technological attributes d) all of

The computer simulation model designed by R. G. Reynolds for the adoption of an agricultural way of life in the Valley of Oaxaca suggested that the rise of agriculture resulted from a) climate change b) population growth c) the need to even out the effects of annual variation in food supplies d) the need

Archaeomagnetic (or, "paleomagnetic") dating is based on the constantly changing (in both direction and intensity) magnetic field of the earth. Answer: True Answer: True Answer: True Overall, underwater excavation is more expensive than surface excavation because of both the equipment required and the amount of conservation that waterlogged materials need. Answer: True Answer: True Answer: True Lead

The principle of uniformitarianism states that the stratification of rocks is due to processes which have stopped entirely and are no longer occurring in modern seas, rivers, and lakes. Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False The excavation area at Khok Phanom Di was chosen by the Abbot of the local Buddhist temple. Answer: True Answer: True Answer:

It is clear that a rigid and complex class system had evolved by the Early Formative period in the Valley of Oaxaca. Answer: False Answer: False Answer: False The deductive-nomothetic form of explanation proceeds by formulating a hypothesis, establishing by deduction what would follow if the hypothesis were true, and then testing the

The greater part of the money devoted to archaeological research in the countries of Greece, Egypt, Mexico and Peru comes from a) private donors b) UNESCO c) American or European universities d) the archaeologists themselves e) tourism Answer: e Answer: e Answer: e This country clashed with Greece over the use of a name and national symbol that were