Archives: Solution Manual
978-0534601744 Chapter 6
Chapter 6: The Toulmin Model of Argumentation ACTIVITY #6.1: CONVERT ARGUMENTS TO TOULMIN MODEL. (To help students understand the structure of the Toulmin model, and to help them understand how to use it to analyze arguments.) PREPARATION: Prepare the projections […]
978-0534601744 Chapter 5
Chapter 5: Logical Structure of Arguments ACTIVITY #5.1: INTRODUCTION TO LOGICAL STRUCTURE. (Do prior to reading chapter 5) (To help students start to understand the basic logical structure of arguments.) Students seem to like this lesson because of the use […]
978-0534601744 Chapter 4
Chapter 4: Introduction to Fallacies ACTIVITY #4.1:ARGUMENTATIVE FALLACIES. (Do prior to reading chapter 4.) (To start students thinking about fallacies.) STEP 1: As students enter the class, put them into groups of three. Give each group a different set of […]
978-0534601744 Chapter 3
Chapter 3: Ethics ACTIVITY #3.1: INTRODUCTION TO ETHICS IN ARGUMENTATION. (Do prior to reading chapter 3). To start the students thinking about what they consider ethical and unethical actions in argumentation. STEP 1: Discuss what the term “ethics” means. Establish […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 70
289 5. focus on last days and hours before first atomic test (1945) a. hopes and fears about the invention b. morality concerns c. psychological stresses d. apprehension and terror 6. rich and dark score a. complex texturally; multilayered, eclectic […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 69
286 C. A Hymn to the Mother of God 1. for two six– voice choirs 2. performed on Sunday in Great Lent 3. Eighth- century text by Saint John Damascene 4. influences: medieval and Re nais sance polyphony 5. short […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 68
Contents | v Chapter68 | Underscoring Meaning: Williams and Music for Film 283 Chapter65 | Rolling Beethoven Over: Roots and Reworkings of Rock 274 Twenty- First Century 280 Chapter69 | Icons in Sound: Tavener and Postmodern Orthodoxy 286 Chapter70 | […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 67
280 ii. reflects journey of life iii. subtext of personal grief b. program provides evocative images 4. large orchestra, many percussion instruments a. tintinnabulation: bell– like timbres b. “chiming” draws on Asian soundscapes 5. continual expansion, several stirring climaxes D. […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 66
277 Returning with Interest: Bowie, Glass, and Postmodern Elaboration CHAPTERfi66 B. Symphony No.4 (Heroes) 1. small borrowings from Bowie/Eno Heroes album 2. six– movement work a. each based on a theme from Bowie’s album b. dramatic structure suitable for dance […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 65
274 2. style fostered by major recording producer, Leonard Chess 3. Maybelline (1955), first hit a. sold over one million copies to black and white audiences D. Roll Over Beethoven 1. second major hit, 1956 2. rhythm and blues/rock and […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 64
271 cians, Tehillim, Dif fer ent Trains (Classical Music Grammy, 1990) D. African influence 1. 1970, Reich studied drumming in West Africa 2. Ewe drummers: polyrhythms, interlocking patterns a. similarities with phase and pro cess music 3. minimalist style developed […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 63
4. age forty, first American- born conductor of New York Philharmonic 5. promoted concert music, far– reaching educa– tional efforts 6. style: straddled serious and popu lar music, accessible compositions, rooted in tonality, soaring melodies, jazzy rhythms 7. output: symphonies, […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 62
CHAPTERfi62 New Sound Palettes: Mid- Twentieth- Century American Experimentalists a. vari ous materials inserted between the strings: nails, bolts, nuts, screws, bits of rub- ber, wood, or leather b. varied effects: nonpitched thump, pitch and timbre altered 2. focus on […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 61
245 b. rhythmic innovator: pounding rhythms, syn– copation, changing meters, ostinatos c. complex, modern dissonant counterpoint, polytonality d. adherence to Classical forms 5. works include: orchestral, five concertos, string quartets, piano music, vocal music B. Concerto for Orchestra 1. entire […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 60
242 1. 1939 film score, “Mexican tragedy” celebrating heritage of native Mayan empire 2. 1961 arranged into four– movement suite, José Ives Limantour (1919–1976) 3. expanded percussion: intersections of native, African, Eu ro pean cultures 4. “Noche de Jaranas,” “tempo […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 59
C. Country Band March 1. arranged for large wind ensemble 2. realism of amateur bands: out of tune, bad entrances, wrong notes 3. nostalgic American tunes quoted a. London Bridge, Yankee Doodle, Arkansas Traveler b. Foster: Massa’s in de Cold, […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 58
235 CHAPTERfi58 Modern Experiments: Gersh win and “Cultivated Jazz” 4. 1920s orchestral- jazz works a. Rhapsody in Blue, piano and orchestra; inter- national acclaim b. An American in Paris 5. hit musicals: collaborated with brother, Ira 6. union of popu […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 57
232 9. output: four symphonies, orchestral suites, film scores, stage works, operas, chamber music, vocal music, piano music, choral music C. Still’s Suite for Violin and Piano 1. drawn on established genre: modernist neo– Classical trend 2. movements inspired by […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 56
228 b. African- derived techniques in melody i. rhythmic interjections ii. vocal glides iii. percussive vocal sounds iv. use of blue notes 3. improvisation created polyphonic texture 4. Louis “Satchmo” Armstrong (1901–1971) a. brilliant trumpet player, improviser b. transformed jazz […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 55
a. social advocacy, oppression of disenfran– chised people, social alienation b. disturbed man moves between real ity and hallucination c. based on gruesome, real- life events 2. libretto by Berg a. three acts, five scenes each b. each scene a […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 54
222 D. LG 46: Boulanger: Psalm 24 (1916) 1. Choral Psalm setting, 10 verses 2. tenor solo, SATB chorus, brass, harp, organ, timpani 3. three– part form (A– B- A) a. Introduction: dramatic, commanding tone i. fanfare for brass, harp, […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 53
219 CHAPTERfi53 Calculated Shock: Stravinsky and Modernist Multimedia 1. percussive use of dissonance 2. polytonality, polyrhythms 3. monumental orchestra a. harsh, loud, constantly changing colors b. strings: successive down bows, pizzicatos c. full force of brass and barbaric percussion 4. […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 52
216 Anything Goes: Schoenberg and Musical Expressionism CHAPTERfi52 i. rejection of tonality, key ii. highly dissonant, maximum tension iii. eventual development of “twelve- tone” method C. Pierrot lunaire (Moonstruck Pierrot) 1. song cycle; Schoenberg’s atonal- Expressionist period 2. poetry by […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 51
197 CHAPTERfi51 A Good Beat: American Vernacular Music at the Close of an Era 7. strove to elevate ragtime to serious art form 8. Treemonisha (1911): 1976, awarded Pulitzer Prize posthumously 9. output: two operas, piano rags, other piano music, […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 50
194 CHAPTERfi50 Jubilees and Jubilation: The African American Spiritual Tradition 1. movement celebrating African American culture and arts 2. overlapped with “art- song” arrangements C. Swing Low, Sweet Chariot 1. intersection of cultures: a. possibly by Wallace Willis; slave in […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 49
191 CHAPTERfi49 Mythical Impressions: Program Music at the End of the Nineteenth Century 2. age 11, attended Paris Conservatory a. shocked professors: bizarre harmonies, defied rules 3. age 22, won Prix de Rome 4. Pelléas and Mélisande (1902), opera: interna– […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 48
188 a. Latin liturgical texts, edited freely, phrases omitted b. some movements with less familiar texts 3. organ, brass, harp used throughout 4. personal, compassionate work; offers hope a. original conception: small in scale b. avoids bombastic, overly dramatic style […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 47
iv | Contents Chapter47 | Exotic Allure: Puccini and the Italian Verismo Tradition 186 Chapter48 | Accepting Death: Fauré and the Requiem 188 Chapter49 | Mythical Impressions: Program Music at the End of the Nineteenth Century 191 Chapter50 | Jubilees […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 46
9. output: 3 ballets: Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty, and The Nutcracker; 8 operas, 7 symphonies, 4 concertos, chamber music, choral music, songs B. The Nutcracker 1. based on E. T. A. Hoffmann story a. Christmas party b. Clara and […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 45
180 CHAPTERfi45 Total Art: Wagner and German Romantic Opera e. nature, super natural, glorified German land and people f. orchestra is focal point 2. leitmotifs, “leading motives”: concise recurring themes a. specific meanings: person, emotion, idea, object b. continual transformation, […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 44
177 CHAPTERfi44 Multimedia Hits: Verdi and Italian Romantic Opera 5. Shakespeare: favorite literary source 6. music marketed, commercially successful 7. founded, left fortune to Casa Verdi (home for aged musicians) 8. style: appealing melodies, intense dramatic situations 9. output: 28 […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 43
174 CHAPTERfi43 Absolutely Classic: Brahms and the Nineteenth- Century Symphony II. Brahms and the Romantic Symphony A. Johannes Brahms (1833–1897) 1. German composer, conductor 2. mentored by Robert and Clara Schumann 3. moved to Vienna, enormously successful 4. traditionalist: absolute […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 42
171 Sounding Lit er a ture: Orchestral Program Music by Mendelssohn and Grieg CHAPTERfi42 3. written in Mendelssohn’s teens 4. sonata- allegro form a. introduction: the realm of the fairies b. exposition: i. theme 1: dance of the fairies ii. […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 41
168 CHAPTERfi41 Personal Soundtracks: Berlioz and the Program Symphony d. IV. March to the Scaffold e. V. Dream of a Witches’ Sabbath 2. program by Berlioz: autobiographical a. infatuation with Harriet Smithson b. meeting the beloved; ultimate demise of the […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 40
CHAPTERfi40 Musical Diaries: Hensel and Programmatic Piano Music B. A piano cycle: The Year (Das Jahr) 1. manuscript discovered in 1989 2. twelve character pieces (and postlude), one for each month a. each prefaced by poetic epigram b. each on […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 39
161 CHAPTERfi39 Dancing at the Keyboard: Chopin and Romantic Piano Music 2. age 21: moved to Paris, artistic center in 1830s 3. tumultuous affair with novelist Aurore Dudevant (George Sand) 4. works central to piano repertoire a. originated modern piano […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 38
158 CHAPTERfi38 Marketing Music: Foster and Early “Popu lar” Song 1. composer, born outside Pittsburgh 2. composed for Christy Minstrels, blackface minstrel show 3. first American to make living as professional songwriter, little profit 4. hit songs include: Oh! Susanna, […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 37
154 4. songwriting prodigy: melodic gift, subtle interactions 5. Schubertiads: private gatherings of writers, artists, musicians 6. music: confluence of Classical and Romantic styles a. Lieder and piano music: Romantic, lyric b. symphonies, chamber music: more Classical 7. output: over […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 36
133 3. verse 3: trombone solo, bass solo a. Tuba mirum (“A trumpet with an astonishing sound”) 4. verse 4: tenor solo, homophonic orchestra 5. verse 5: tenor solo continues 6. verse 6: alto solo with orchestra 7. verse 7: […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 35
b. Leporello: Giovanni’s servant c. Donna Anna: noblewoman d. Commendatore: Donna Anna’s father e. Don Ottavio: Donna Anna’s fiancé f. Donna Elvira: one of Don Giovanni’s conquests g. Zerlina: a peasant girl h. Masetto: a peasant, fiancé to Zerlina 4. […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 34
127 CHAPTERfi34 Disrupting the Conversation: Beethoven and the Symphony in Transition a. exposition: i. theme 1: based on rhythmic motive (short- short– short- long) ii. horn call introduces theme 2 iii. theme 2: lyrical, heard against four– note motive b. […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 33
CHAPTERfi33 Personalizing the Conversation: Beethoven and the Classical Sonata output), chamber music, 17 string quartets, one opera, choral music C. Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata 1. Moonlight: first style period 2. title by German poet, Ludwig Rellstab: moonlit scenery, Lake Lucerne, Switzerland […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 32
122 b. theme 2: quiet and lyrical, violins answered by woodwinds c. solo exposition: new “piano theme” between themes 1 and 2 3. development: virtuosic piano part, vari ous modulations 4. recapitulation: a. theme 1: strings, decorated version by piano […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 31
119 CHAPTERfi31 Expanding the Conversation: Mozart, Chamber Music, and Larger Forms D. The first movement: sonata- allegro form 1. first movement usually in a fast tempo (Allegro) 2. longest in multimovement cycle 3. sonata- allegro (sonata) form: drama between two […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 30
116 A. Orchestra ensemble established, four instrumental families 1. strings: heart of the orchestra 2. woodwinds: provided varying colors, often doubled the strings 3. brass: sustained harmonies 4. percussion: timpani, rhythmic life and vitality B. Eighteenth– century orchestra: 30 to […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 29
D. Chamber music 1. two to ten performers: one player per part 2. smaller ensemble, intimate genre a. players function as a team: equal participation b. conversations without words c. predictable musical forms 3. string quartet: most impor tant chamber […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 28
97 2. answer: subject imitated in another voice 3. countersubject: dif fer ent theme heard against the subject 4. exposition: first section, subject presented in each voice one time 5. episodes: interludes lacking the subject 6. contrapuntal devices: augmentation, diminution, […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 27
95 CHAPTERfi27 Sounding Spring: Vivaldi and the Baroque Concerto B. Program music: Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons 1. four solo violin concertos, one for each season 2. program music: literary link a. each concerto accompanied by a poem b. poetry printed […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 26
91 e. other dances: minuet, gavotte, bourée, passepied, hornpipe 4. sometimes opened with an overture 5. binary (A– A– B- B), or ternary (A- B- A) form a. A section: moves from home key to contrasting key b. B section: […]
978-0393639032 Chapter 25
88 2. frontispiece engraved by Paul Revere 3. introduction discussed basics of notation and music theory 4. music not bound by Eu ro pean traditions a. simple homophonic textures b. melody often in tenor line c. occasional passages of imitation […]