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CHAPTER 10

HUMAN SERVICES TODAY

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this chapter, students will be able to:

10-1 Document reasons for the expansion of human service settings.

10-2 Summarize the various contexts for community-based services, including mental

health, wraparound services, community corrections, community schools, and

10-3 Illustrate the challenges of human service delivery in rural areas.

10-4 Articulate the context of human services in the military.

10-5 Identify the ways that technology is used to deliver human services.

10-6 Summarize the needs of older individuals in the United States.

10-7 List the challenges of a new workplace in the United States.

10-8 Present a rationale for the roles and skills that human service professionals and

10-9 Make the case for the need for bipartisanship to help serve those in need.

CHAPTER OUTLINE

1. Outreach services shift from rural to community settings.

2. Focus on health and wellness instead of illness.

3. Service delivery involves schools, recreation facilities, and religious

organizations.

4. Box 10.1 Law Enforcement and Mental Health

1. A strategy to meet the needs of multiproblem clients

2. Individualized treatment plans within the context of community-based

3. Box 10.2 Youth in Need

C. Community-based corrections

1. Wraparound services help offenders and families develop problem-

2. Community-based sanctions for parolees: home detention monitoring,

community crew work, daily reporting, etc.

3. Delivery model:

a. Depends upon offender’s needs and risk

4. Box 10.3 Oregon and Kansas Department of Corrections

1. School-based systems of care integrate education, mental health, and

social services.

2. Box 10.4 Meeting Children’s Needs in School: Serving Burundian

Immigrants

1. Interdisciplinary support individuals and families in final stages of life.

2. Service team may include physicians, nurses, social workers,

counselors, clergy, funeral directors, and volunteers.

1. Population is divided:

a. Long-term, older, isolated, disadvantaged minorities

2. Barriers limit accessible and adequate services.

a. Shortage of helpers

b. Distance

3. Mental health problems often undiagnosed

4. New models for services are emerging.

1. War and its aftermath can be traumatizing for military

personnel and their families.

2. New programs meet needs for medical care, mental health care, family

3. Suicide is a particular concern for veterans.

4. Box 10.6 The Wounded Warrior Project

II. The impact of technology

1. Tech-based interventions include:

a. Skill-building programs (on- and off-line)

2. Personal mental health and career counseling sites

3. Daily living and life skills sites

B. Helping clients improve communication

1. Cellular phones and pagers allow helpers 24/7 availability.

2. Internet easily connects clients, families, and helpers.

C. Integrating online support with helper and others

1. Teleconferencing is a cost-effective way to communicate with distant

2. The World Wide Web provides information about helpers and services.

3. Web logs

a. Blogs provide opportunity for public information sharing and

debate.

1. Women over 85 are the fastest growing demographic.

2. This group of older Americans has higher education levels, includes

more minorities, and better health.

3. Housing choices include aging in place, living with adult children, and

4. Depression, if left untreated, can lead to suicide or higher mortality

rates.

5. Confronting death and dying leads to sadness and grief and may require

6. Older people may take on a new focus as human service volunteers or

professionals.

B. Changing workplace

1. As technology allowed people to work outside traditional office

settings, helpers taught clients flexibility.

2. Great Recession of 2008 caused much job loss.

3. Workers are now employed, unemployed, underemployed, or

marginally attached.

4. As the economy recovers, workers will do more, earn less, and receive

fewer benefits.

C. New roles and skills for clients and helpers

1. The client is a partner in the human service process; empowerment is a

2. Sharing responsibility, improved client satisfaction, and learning about

clients are benefits of this partnership.

3. Advocacy is important at the client, community, and social level.

4. Helpers must focus on the whole person when clients face economic

challenges (mortgages, job loss, foreclosures, and/or decreased pay).

1. Bipartisanship is not a reality yet.

2. Partisan climate affects government policies and funding, which affects

helper and clients and makes advocacy efforts crucial to the human service

process.

CHAPTER SUMMARY

This chapter discusses the new settings and recent trends in human service

delivery, including the aging workplace and the use of new technologies.

Human services will be different this century. Adults over 65 will be better

1. To examine new settings for service delivery and how outreach occurs.

2. To describe the impact of technology on the human service process.

3. To explore recent trends that influence service delivery.

1. Ask the students to read the following vignette and answer the questions that follow.

Sylvia Martinez is a case manager in Miami, Florida. She is involved in re-settling Cuban

and Haitian immigrants. She is frustrated today because one family that she is expected to

help cannot get the health care that it needs. They have signed up to receive care from a

1990.

b. Ask students to brainstorm how their lives have changed since 1990. In other

1990. Generate a list. Ask if any of these pertain to human services.

2. Increase student awareness of the human service-related material on the World Wide

Web (WWW) by assigning the following activities.

a. Ask students to search the web for information on topics such as:

human services

mental health

3. Read each of the following situations. Identify the various ways in which you can

benefit from technology. Give specific examples.

a. You work as a case manager in a local women’s shelter. Adrienne has been in

an abusive relationship for three years and has decided to leave. She arrives at

the shelter with no clothes, money, or personal belongings. Her two children

have missed two weeks of school (Adrienne has been hiding for two weeks).

4. Ask students to read the following short vignette.

Child and Family Services serves clients on a walk-in basis. A young woman and

her two children approached the agency with some care. They had been in the

United States for three years and spoke little English. They needed to talk with a

professional who speaks Spanish. Mrs. X (name withheld because of

confidentiality) told the human service professional that she was in trouble. She

the kids in a nearby gas station bathroom, and bought food from the local small

store. The kids had not had a hot meal in a long while. They used candlelight at

night to read and study.

Two fears emerged, one that her husband would find her and that authorities

would take away her children. She was nervous because a news reporter had

knocked on her door the day before. He was following a lead that a family was

MINDTAP VIDEO IN-CLASS DISCUSSION

1. What problems do refugees experience prior to coming to the United States?

2. What do they encounter once they arrive?

3. What is difficult about school in particular for the children from Burundi?

4. What do you think Katharine can do to help?

5. What do you think human service students as volunteers have to offer refugees

in our country?

KEY TERMS

Teleconferencing: A way in which human service professionals in different locations can

1. Describe nontraditional human service delivery settings today.

2. Apply the wraparound service concept to a hospital setting.

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of technology use in human service

delivery?

4. Explain how technology has enhanced communication in human services.

5. Explain the challenges presented by an aging population.

6. What are problems in the military? What services/programs have been developed

to address them?

7. Describe the increased need for advocacy in human services.

8. Summarize workplace changes resulting from the Great Recession.

9. Explain the new roles and skills needed by human service professionals today.

10. How has partisanship affected human service professionals? How would

bipartisanship better serve clients?

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

1. What explains the increase in community-based services?

2. What are wraparound services?

3. Select one of the settings for human service delivery and describe how human

service occurs.

4. Define systems of care in school settings.

5. Describe the delivery of human services in rural settings.

6. How do helpers service military clients?

7. Describe how technology influences communication within the human service

8. How does the WWW influence human service communication?

9. What services can be provided to clients using technology?

10. What changes are expected in the aging population in America?

10. How does the aging population affect the work of helpers?

11. What changes are expected in the workplace?

12. How do the workplace changes affect the work of helpers?

13. What are the new roles of helpers and clients in service delivery?

14. How does partisanship affect human service delivery?

15. Discuss the importance of client advocacy.

The following questions will help students in their review of the chapter.

1. Explain why human service delivery has expanded beyond the traditional settings.

2. Why is providing service to rural areas a challenge for helpers?

3. How has technology changed the delivery of human services?

4. Describe how the trends occurring in the next few decades will affect human

service delivery.

5. Why do helpers prefer bipartisanship?

The following exercises allow students to apply what they have learned from the

1. Illustrate community-based services in corrections, hospice, you the services, and

2. Imagine you are a primary grade teacher in a public school. You are serving on a

team to develop a human service delivery system in your school. What services

would you include? What would be the hours of service delivery? Where would

the service be located? Who would be eligible?

LO/STANDARD CORRELATION TABLE

New Roles and Skills for Clients

12, 13, 15, 17,

12, 13, 14, 15,