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12–97$
P12–23)(c))continued$
12–98$
P12–24)Continued$
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)
12–99$
P12-25)(a)$
Mole$balance:$
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Rate$Laws:$
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Stoichiometry:$
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Energy$balance:$
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12–100$
P12-25)(a))Continued$
Calculated)values)of)DEQ)variables$$
$
Differential)equations$$
d(T)/d(w)$=$(Ua$*$(Ta$-$T)$+$(–r1a)$*$(–Dhr1a)$+$(–r2b)$*$(Dhr1a)$*$(–r3a)$*$(–Dhr3a))$/$(fa$*$cpa$+$fb$*$cpb$+$fc$*$cpc)$$
k1$=$.5$*$exp(2$*$(1$-$320$/$T))$$
k3$=$.005$*$exp(4.6$*$(1$-$(460$/$T)))$$
Kc$=$10$*$exp(4.8$*$(430$/$T$-$1.5))$$
ca$=$ct$*$fa$/$ft$*$To$/$T$$
cb$=$ct$*$fb$/$ft$*$To$/$T$$
12–101$
P12-25)(b))
As$seen$in$the$above$table,$the$lowest$concentration$of$o–xylene$(A)$=$.568$mol/dm3$
P12-25$(c)$
The$maximum$concentration$of$o–xylene$=$1$mol/dm3$
P12-25$(d))
The$same$equations$are$used$except$that$FB0$=$0.$$
P12-25$(e)$
Decreasing$the$heat$of$reaction$of$reaction$1$slightly$decreases$the$amount$of$E$formed.$Decreasing$the$
heat$of$reaction$of$reaction$3$causes$more$of$C$to$be$formed.$Increasing$the$feed$temperature$causes$
P12-25$(f)$Individualized$solution$
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)
P12-26)(a)$
$
We$want$the$exiting$flow$rates$B,$D$and$F$
Start$with$the$mole$balance$in$PFR:$
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12–102$
P12-26)(a)$continued$
Stoichiometry:$
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Energy$Balance:$
$
$
See$Polymath$program$P12–29.pol.$
For$T0$=$800K$
Calculated)values)of)DEQ)variables$$
12–103$
P12-26)(a)$continued$
Differential)equations$$
d(T)/d(v)$=$–(rls$*$Hla$+$r2b$*$H2a$+$r3t$*$H3a)$/$(fa$*$299$+$fb$*$273$+$fc$*$30$+$fd$*$201$+$fe$*$90$+$ff$*$68$+$fi$*$40)$$
Kl$=$exp(–17.34$-$1.302e4$/$T$+$5.051$*$ln(T)$+$((–2.314e–10$*$T$+$1.302e–6)$*$T$+$–0.004931)$*$T)$$
ft$=$fa$+$fb$+$fc$+$fd$+$fe$+$ff$+$fg$+$fi$$
r2b$=$p$*$(1$-$phi)$*$exp(13.2392$-$25000$/$T)$*$Pa$$
r3t$=$p$*$(1$-$phi)$*$exp(.2961$-$11000$/$T)$*$Pa$*$Pc$$
rls$=$p$*$(1$-$phi)$*$exp(–0.08539$-$10925$/$T)$*$(Pa$-$Pb$*$Pc$/$Kl)$$
$
P12-26)(a)$
Fstyrene$=$0.0008974$
Fbenzene$=$1.078E–05$
P12-26)(b)$
T0$=$930K$
Fstyrene$=$0.0019349$
P12-26)(c)$
T0$=$1100$K$
Fstyrene$=$0.0016543$
12–104$
P12-26)(d)$
Plotting$the$production$of$styrene$as$a$function$of$To$gives$the$following$graph.$The$temperature$that$is$
$
$
P12-26)(e)$
Plotting$the$production$of$styrene$as$a$function$of$the$steam$gives$the$following$graph$and$the$ratio$that$
See$Polymath$program$P12–29–f.pol.$
When$we$add$a$heat$exchanger$to$the$reactor,$the$energy$balance$becomes:$
$ $
12–105$
P12-26)(g))Individualized$solution$
$
P12-26)(h))Individualized$solution$
$
)
P12-27$
Let$$$
a$=$A$
b$=$A2$
c$=$A4$
Ordinary$Differential$Equations$
Calculated)values)of)DEQ)variables$
$
Differential)equations$$
d(T)/d(V)$=$(Qg–Qr)/sumCp$$
12–106$
P12-27$continued$
Explicit)equations$$
k2b$=$k2*exp((E2/1.987)*(1/T2–1/T))$$
sumCp$=$(Fa*Cpa+Fb*Cpb+Fc*Cpc)$$
k1a$=$k1*exp((E1/1.987)*(1/T1–1/T))$$
12–107$
P12-27)Continued$
$
P12–27)(b)$
The$required$reactor$volume$=$3.5$dm3$
12–109$
P12–27)(c))
“$
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)
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