978-0134604657 Sample Introductory Part 1

Part II:

Sample Introductory Course

Sample Syllabus

15-Week, 3 Credit, Semester Course

Lecture Schedule

Week

Lecture

No.

Subject

Reading

Homework

1

Class policies, Introduction

Chapter 1

–

2

Introduction

Chapter 1

–

2

3

Units Significant Figures

2.1 to 5

2.1, 3, 5, 10, 14

4

Field Notes

2.6 to 15

–

3

5

Errors – mean, standard deviation, probable

error

3.1 to 16

3.3, 6, 11, 16

6

Error propagation

3.17 to 21

3.19, 21, 27, 30(a)

4

7

Leveling – Theory and Methods

Chapter 4, Part 1

4.1, 4, 13, 16, 18

copyright laws as they currently exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form

8

Leveling – Equipment

Chapter 4, Part 2

4.19, 20, 24, 28

5

–

Exam 1

–

5,6

9–10

Leveling – Field Procedures

Chapter 5

5.1, 3, 9, 13, 23

6

11

Taping

Chapter 6,Part 1

6.6, 9, 11, 19, 22

7

12

EDM

Chapter 6, Part 2

6.25, 28(b), 33, 38, 43

13

Angles, Azimuths, and Bearings

7.1 to 9

7.3, 6, 11, 24, 39

8

14

The Compass and Magnetic Declination

7.10 to 16

7.31, 37

15

Total Station Instruments

Chapter 8, Part 1

–

9

16

Angle Measurements

Chapter 8, Part 2

8.2, 4, 12, 21, 35

17

Traversing

Chapter 9

9.5, 10, 12, 13, 24

10

–

Exam 2

18

Traverse Computations

Chapter 10

11

19–20

Traverse Computations

Chapter 10

10.12, 13, 14, 15, 24, 25

12

21–22

COGO – Intersections

11.1 to 6

11.4, 10, 12, 16, 17

13

23–24

COGO – Resection and Coordinate

Transformations

11.7 to 11

11.20, 22, 23, 24, 27

14

25

Area by Simple Figures

12. 1 to 12.4

–

Exam 3

–

15

26–27

Area by Coordinates

12.4 to 11

12.2, 4, 13, 24, 26

Article Reviews

A short review of journal articles will be due in the following weeks of the course. Possible sources

for articles are listed at the end of each chapter in the book. Papers will be graded on completeness

of thought, grammar, spelling, and punctuation. All reviews should be word processed and contain

the following items.

Week

Subject

2

Problems 1.20 or 21

7

Write an article review on one of articles listed in the bibliography for

Chapter 4.

12

Write an article review on one of articles listed in the bibliography for

Chapter 8.

Practical Exercises (Refer to the list of Sample Practical Exercises on the following pages.)

Week

Practical Exercise

1 – 2

A

3

B

4

D

5 – 6

E

7

F

8

G

9 – 10

H

11

I

12

J, Problem 11.18

13

J, Problem 11.37

14

K

15

Review for final

Sample Practical Exercises

To fully understand and appreciate the theory discussed in Elementary Surveying, a student should be

exposed to a series of practical, hands-on exercises. This section covers a sample set of exercises for

your consideration. Some exercises assume that the instructor has assigned a set of traverse stations to

the students for leveling, distance and angle observations.

Chapter

Number

Exercise

2

A

Students should read the manual for their survey controller and determine the proper

procedure for setting up a project.

3

B

Outdoor lab: Develop a pacing lab. In this lab layout a 100-yard, -meter, line on a level

section of ground. Have students pace the line 10 times estimating the length of the

last pace. Following this, have the students pace the traverse that will be assigned to

them for distance measurement in Chapter 6.

Students should develop a report giving the length of their pace and the standard

deviation. They should compute the length of the lines of the traverse in feet or

meters along with the estimated error in the length.

pace

E E n

where n is the number of paces.

3

C

Inside lab: Hang a plumb bob from the ceiling of your room. Have the students

measure the length of the string from support to the tip of mass center of the bob.

Now measure the period of the plumb bob using a stopwatch. Repeat this procedure

ten times.

Student should develop a report providing the average period (T) of the pendulum,

and its standard deviation. They should then compute the “approximate” value for

gravity using the formula

2

18

h

gT













where l is the length of the string, h is the height the pendulum falls during a half

oscillation. Note the pendulum string is not weightless, nor the pivot frictionless, so do

not assume this to be an accurate value for gravity.

4

D

Have the students perform a collimation test of their automatic/digital level following

the method discussed in Section 4.15.5. Have the student report on the collimation

error in their instrument and discuss how this error will be removed when using the

instrument for differential leveling. They should also compute the maximum allowable

difference in plus and minus sight distances if this error is to be kept under on-half of

their reading. For example 0.005 ft if the minimum reported elevation is to 0.01 ft.

5

E

Using a nearby bench mark as control, the students should run a leveling loop from

the bench mark, over their stations, and back to the bench mark meeting Third Order

leveling specifications.

The report should contain a listing of the final adjusted elevations for each station,

discuss any problems encountered in the field, include a copy of the final field notes,

and provide the misclosure in the loop. If the exercise for Chapter 4 was performed,

then collimation error should be removed from each elevation.

6

F

Using a tape, measure the length of each course in the assigned traverse. The line

should be measured twice and a precision computed.

The report should contain a copy of the field notes, and discuss any problems

encountered.

6

G

Using a EDM, determine the horizontal length of each course in a line. The line

should be measured from two stations.

The report should contain a copy of the field notes, the average length for each line,

and discuss any problems that may have occurred in the field.

8

H

Using a theodolite or total station, the students should close the angular horizon

about each of their stations turning each angle two times with each face of the

instrument (2DR). Using this information, the students should determine the horizon

misclosure, adjust the angles at each station, and then adjust the interior angles of

the traverse.

The report should contain the original field notes, list the horizon misclosure at each

station, adjusted angles, traverse misclosure, and the correct geometric sum of each

angle. Students should make sure that all angles are geometrically closed.

10

I

Using the distances observed in Chapter 8 and the angles observed in Chapter 8, and

an assigned or assumed azimuth for one course of their traverse, students should

perform a compass rule adjustment of the traverse. Using starting coordinates of

(1000.000, 5000.00), the report should contain the linear precision, relative

precision, the adjusted latitudes and departures, coordinates for each station, and

adjusted observations.

11

J

Do problem 11.18, 11.37, 11.38, or 11.39.

12

K

Compute the area of the traverse from the exercise for Chapter 10.

13

L

Do Problem 13.35 and 13.36.

14

M

Do Problem 14.40.

14

N

Perform a rapid static survey of your traverse. Adjust the baselines and the network.

Report on the adjusted baseline vector components, the loop closures as discussed in

Section 14.5.4.

15

O

Have students perform an kinematic mapping surveying of a local area.

16

P

Do one of the problems from 16.41 to 16.45.

17

Q

Have students collect radial data to map an assigned area around their traverse. If a

controller is available, the students should use the codes discussed in Section 17.11

that are appropriate for your software.

18

R

Have students create a map of the data collected in exercise Q.

19

S

Have students create the program for Problem 19.43 or 19.44.

20

T

Have students create the program for Problem 20.47 or 20.48.

21

U

Research the deeds for you school or an assigned parcel and perform a boundary

survey. In the report, note the survey procedures used, their closures, found

monuments in agreement with the deed, monuments that do not agree, and

monuments not found.

22

V

Layout a township at a 1/10th scale following the procedures discussed in Chapter

22.

23

W

Perform a profile level courses for the traverse from Chapter 10 using 25-ft

stationing.

24

X

Compute the stakeout notes for a horizontal curve with an intersection angle of 60°

and length of 300 ft or 100 m. If you are using English units, use 25-ft stationing. If

you are using metric units, use 10-m stationing. Stake the curve in the field using the

incremental chord method.

If you have a data collector, use WOLFPACK to compute coordinates for the given

horizontal curve and stake it out using the controller’s stake out functions.

25

Y

After profile-leveling the horizontal curve staked out in the previous exercise,

compute a vertical alignment that minimizes excavation.

26

Z

Do Problem 26.31 or 26.32.

27

AA

Have students do either Problem 27.38, 27.39, 27.40, or 27.41.

28

BB

Using a GIS software package and the shape files provided by the NGS at

http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/datasheet.prl develop a GIS that allows the user to

find NGS control stations in your county and sort by type and quality.

Sample Quizzes

Quiz 1

1. One acre equal _____________ square feet and ____________ square Gunter’s chains.

2. Give the answer of the following problems rounded to the correct number of significant

Quiz 2

1. For the following ten repeated EDM observations what are

325.686, 325.685, 325.687, 325.681, 325.691, 325.686, 325.681, 325.686, 325.690, and 325.689

Quiz 3

1. For the following sequential minus (FS) and plus (BS) sights observed on a closed level

circuit, set up the left-side of a standard set of level notes and give an adjusted elevation for

BM A.

Quiz 4

1. A 100-ft tape is calibrated at 68° F, fully supported with 15 lbs of tension and found to be

99.987 ft long. Is this tape is used fully supported with 15 lbs of tension at 86° F to measure a

distance that is recorded as 136.48 ft, what is the corrected length of the line?

_____________

2. If a certain EDM has a centering error of 3 mm and a scalar error of 3 ppm, what is the

uncertainty in a observed distance of 1380.25 ft?

_____________

Quiz 5

1. In 1895 when the magnetic declination was 6°45′ East, line AB had a magnetic bearing of S

7 30 E.

a. What is the magnetic bearing of AB today if the current magnetic declinations is 2 30

W?

_____________

b. What are the true bearing and true azimuth of this line?

_____________

Quiz 6

1. If the slope of a line is 0.3258, what is the azimuth of the line? _____________

2. What is the area in square units of a polygon with coordinates at its vertices of

(103.45, 214.87), (250.34, 567.98), and (185.02, 386.94) _____________

Sample Exams

Exam 1

(1 point each)

True – False [Fill in the circle indicating whether the statement is true (T) or false (F).]

○ T ○ F

1.

The current definition of the meter is 39.37 inches is equivalent to one meter.

○ T ○ F

2.

The length of 1429.75 m is equivalent to 4690.72 survey feet to the correct number of

significant figures.

○ T ○ F

3.

Random errors may be mathematically computed and removed from observations.

○ T ○ F

4.

The number 1.0020 has five significant figures.

○ T ○ F

5.

A set of precise observations is always accurate.

○ T ○ F

6.

National representation of surveying interest is the principal interest of the American

Congress on Surveying and Mapping.

○ T ○ F

7.

One acre is 43, 560 square feet.

○ T ○ F

8.

A Gunter’s chain is 100 ft long.

○ T ○ F

9.

The correctly round sum of 46.328 + 1.03 + 375.1 is 422.4.

○ T ○ F

10.

The National Geodetic Survey is responsible for establishing a network of survey control

monuments.

○ T ○ F

11.

The arrangement of a field book is a matter of personal preference.

○ T ○ F

12.

It is best to only enter a minimum amount of data into a field book.

○ T ○ F

13.

A new page should be started in the field book for each new day of work.

○ T ○ F

14.

The geoid is an equipotential surface.

○ T ○ F

15.

Earth curvature always causes rod readings to be too high.

○ T ○ F

16.

Parallax exists when the focal point of the objective lens does not coincide with the focal

point of the eyepiece lens.

○ T ○ F

17.

The NAVD 88 datum is based on the average elevation of 26 tide gage stations.

○ T ○ F

18.

A page check in differential leveling only provides an arithmetic check of the notes.

○ T ○ F

19.

Automatic levels guarantee a horizontal line of sight at each setup.

○ T ○ F

20.

The statistical term used to express the precision of a data set is called standard deviation.

Problems/Short answers

(5 points)

A. Discuss why the term geomatics is being used to identify the profession of surveying.

(10 points)

B. State the number of significant figures in each of the following values.

(5 points)