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4. Jobs that can push the man–machine interface to the limit of
man’s capacity usually require a high rate of information pro-
cessing, a high rate and accuracy of physical response, or both.
Examples would be found in terms of pilots of high-performance
5. The student should be encouraged to include Hackman and
Oldham’s five core job characteristics of skill variety, job identi-
ty, job significance, autonomy, and feedback.
6. Job enrichment relates primarily to increasing the cognitive
or intellectual requirements for the job, often by increasing
authority and responsibility.
jobs. Usually the workers are cross-trained on all or most
jobs within the set.
6. Determine the basis of wage-incentive plans
7. Determine efficiency of employees and supervision
11. Classify as follows:
12. Waiting time: Waiting time is included in an allowance as delay.
13. Material movement or replenishment: Include in the standard
unless a separate materials handling group exists.
14. Operator drops a part, you pick it up and hand it to him: do not
include. Outside help or interference distorts the results of the study.
1. Scroll over the graph to determine what the sample size
should be if p 30%.
933
142 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
2. Based on the graph, what value of p requires the largest sam-
ple size?
0.5
3. Use the scrollbar to determine what happens to the sample
size as the number of standard deviations, z, increases?
The sample size increases.
4. Use the scrollbar to determine what happens to the sample
size as the acceptable error, h, increases?
The sample size decreases.
ETHICAL DILEMMA
Johnstown Foundry, Inc. (not the firm's real name, but the
END-OF-CHAPTER PROBLEMS
10.1
CHAPTER 10 HU M A N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U RE ME N T 143
10.3 This proble
m is probably best solved by students who have
solution is that everything be coordinated (both performers
and
sets may have to be changed; performers may have to change co
s-
tume, etc.) and that all performers be allowed time to recuperate.
The operations chart presented here as a solu
tion to part (a) is
10.4
144 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
10.6 The important point raised by this question is that actual
ratings will depend on both the job and the psychological needs
of the individual student. Students should be encouraged to eval-
uate the degree to which they require each of the psychological
components cited by Hackman and Oldham; then to evaluate
10.5
CHAPTER 10 HU M A N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U RE ME N T 145
10.7
Times are based on those in Solved Problem 10.1. One could make the case that more (or less) overlap is possible between Gas Man #1
and Gas Man #2. Rules may also limit the number of “over the wall” crew allowed. This could change when the Gas Man #2 could start.
10.8
146 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
10.9 (a) One-person activity chart:
Washing takes about 2 minutes. Rinsing takes about 1 minute.
Drying takes about 3 minutes. There appear to be no interfere
nces
148 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
10.11 One way to do this is to divide the parts of the car
between the three people. For example, A can do the wheels and
the top. B does the right side and hood, grill and bumper. C does
the left side, trunk, and rear grill, lights, and bumper. Notes can be
added under that column to give specific instructions and details.
Copyright ©2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
150 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
10.19
2.2 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.4
Avg = 2.4 minutes
5
NT = 2.4 1.05 = 2.52
2.52
2.8 minutes
ST
10.20 (a) Normal time 12 seconds 1.00 12.0 seconds
Normal time
(b) Standard time 1 Allowance factor
Personal Fatigue Delay
Allowance Fraction = 60 minutes
3 2 1 6 = 0.10
60 60
5.565
6.183 minutes
1 0.10
142 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
2. Based on the graph, what value of p requires the largest sam-
ple size?
0.5
3. Use the scrollbar to determine what happens to the sample
size as the number of standard deviations, z, increases?
The sample size increases.
4. Use the scrollbar to determine what happens to the sample
size as the acceptable error, h, increases?
The sample size decreases.
ETHICAL DILEMMA
Johnstown Foundry, Inc. (not the firm's real name, but the
END-OF-CHAPTER PROBLEMS
10.1
CHAPTER 10 HU M A N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U RE ME N T 143
10.3 This proble
m is probably best solved by students who have
solution is that everything be coordinated (both performers
and
sets may have to be changed; performers may have to change co
s-
tume, etc.) and that all performers be allowed time to recuperate.
The operations chart presented here as a solu
tion to part (a) is
10.4
144 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
10.6 The important point raised by this question is that actual
ratings will depend on both the job and the psychological needs
of the individual student. Students should be encouraged to eval-
uate the degree to which they require each of the psychological
components cited by Hackman and Oldham; then to evaluate
10.5
CHAPTER 10 HU M A N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U RE ME N T 145
10.7
Times are based on those in Solved Problem 10.1. One could make the case that more (or less) overlap is possible between Gas Man #1
and Gas Man #2. Rules may also limit the number of “over the wall” crew allowed. This could change when the Gas Man #2 could start.
10.8
146 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
10.9 (a) One-person activity chart:
Washing takes about 2 minutes. Rinsing takes about 1 minute.
Drying takes about 3 minutes. There appear to be no interfere
nces
148 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
10.11 One way to do this is to divide the parts of the car
between the three people. For example, A can do the wheels and
the top. B does the right side and hood, grill and bumper. C does
the left side, trunk, and rear grill, lights, and bumper. Notes can be
added under that column to give specific instructions and details.
Copyright ©2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
150 CHAPTER 10 HU MA N RE S O U R C E S , JO B DE S I G N , A N D WO R K ME A S U R E M E N T
10.19
2.2 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.4
Avg = 2.4 minutes
5
NT = 2.4 1.05 = 2.52
2.52
2.8 minutes
ST
10.20 (a) Normal time 12 seconds 1.00 12.0 seconds
Normal time
(b) Standard time 1 Allowance factor
Personal Fatigue Delay
Allowance Fraction = 60 minutes
3 2 1 6 = 0.10
60 60
5.565
6.183 minutes
1 0.10
