Parents who __________ tend to have securely attached infants and to behave sensitively
toward them.
A)dismiss the importance of their early relationships
B)discuss their childhoods with objectivity and balance
C)report only positive childhood experiences
D)describe their negative childhood experiences in angry, confused ways
The most successful approach to child rearing is a(n) __________ style.
A)permissive
B)authoritarian
C)uninvolved
D)authoritative
At age 3, Elliot is able to break down __________ into __________.
A)basic-level categories; general categories
B)basic-level categories; subcategories
C)general categories; subcategories
D)subcategories; basic-level categories
Participation in work-study programs or other jobs that provide vocational learning
opportunities
A)is related to improved achievement and reduced delinquency.
B)is widespread in both the United States and Canada.
C)is typically available in U.S. schools, but only for industrial occupations and manual
trades.
D)have shown no influence on attitudes or vocational outcomes for high school students.
Regardless of whether teen chatrooms are adult monitored,
A)conversations about eating disorders remain prevalent.
B)there is a rising rate of sexually obscene remarks.
C)racial and ethnic slurs remain prevalent.
D)requests for romantic partners occur very frequently.
When asked about his career plans, Rodney responds, “Haven’t thought about it. Doesn’t
make too much difference to me what I do.” Which identity status characterizes Rodney?
A)identity achievement
B)identity moratorium
C)identity foreclosure
D)identity diffusion
Individuals in tribal and village societies
A)often outperform same-age peers in Western cultures on formal operational tasks.
B)perform formal reasoning tasks accurately, but at a slower pace than their Western
counterparts.
C)perform well on propositional tasks, but do poorly in hypothetico-deductive
reasoning.
D)rarely do well on tasks typically used to assess formal operational reasoning.
An early childhood math curriculum called __________ uses materials that promote math
concepts and skills through three types of media: computers, manipulatives, and print.
A)Helping Our Math Evolve (HOME)
B)Mini Mathletes
C)Little Einsteins
D)Building Blocks
Village societies and industrialized nations that highly value interdependence place moral
responsibility on the entire society. This raises the question of whether Kohlberg’s highest
level
A)represents a culturally specific way of thinking.
B)represents hypothetical constructs or real-life dilemmas.
C)is limited to non-Western societies that emphasize collectivism.
D)can be attained by young people in industrialized nations.
Development of the social smile
A)reflects faster processing of information.
B)is highly encouraged among the Nso people.
C)varies substantially with culture.
D)appears as late as 12 to 14 weeks in German infants.
One obstacle that Germany’s apprenticeship program still faces is
A)preventing low-SES youths from being concentrated in the lowest-skilled apprenticeship
placements.
B)lack of participation due to minimal public awareness of the program.
C)enrollment numbers that are too high to ensure quality apprenticeships for each student.
D)low enrollments due to increased interest in college preparatory programs.
According to John Locke’s view, children begin
A)with a soul tainted by original sin.
B)as nothing at all.
C)as noble savages.
D)as evil and stubborn.
The teacher says, “If mice are bigger than cats, and cats are bigger than elephants, then
mice are bigger than elephants.” This statement is likely to be judged __________ by
__________.
A)false; 11-year-old Craig
B)false; 13-year-old Michael
C)true; 9-year-old Rana
D)true; 12-year-old Paige
Research on lead exposure during childhood reveals that
A)middle-SES children are more likely than low-SES children to experience lead
exposure.
B)use of iron and zinc supplements increases lead concentration in the blood.
C)persistent childhood lead exposure is linked to diabetes in adulthood.
D)a stressed, disorganized home life seems to heighten lead-induced damage.
Computer programming projects in the classroom promote
A)problem solving and metacognition.
B)use of memory strategies.
C)recursive thinking skills.
D)reduced aggression and bullying.
During puberty, the hands, legs, and feet accelerate first, followed by the torso. This is a
reversal of the __________ trend.
A)cephalocaudal
B)proximodistal
C)secular
D)biological
Mothers who are supported during labor-either by a lay birth attendant or a relative or
friend with doula training-
A)more often need medication to control pain.
B)less often have instrument-assisted or surgical deliveries.
C)usually give birth at home or at the birth attendant’s home.
D)usually give birth lying flat on their backs with their feet in stirrups.