When the Framers drafted the Constitution, the Antifederalist opposed it primarily on
the grounds that the new government
a. empowered state governments.
b. created a bicameral Congress.
c. gave states the power to coin money.
d. created a navy.
e. gave too much power to the national government.
The Great Compromise finally allocated representation on the basis of
a. population, in both houses.
b. equality, in both houses.
c. population in the House and statehood equality in the Senate.
d. equality in the House and population in the Senate.
e. None of the above is true.
The equal time rule obliges stations
a. that sell advertising to one political candidate to sell equal time to that person’s
opponent.
b. to allow all candidates the opportunity to participate in debates.
c. to provide all candidates the chance to appear in news stories.
d. to provide equal news coverage of the campaigns of all candidates.
e. to allow candidates equal time to respond to the airing of any of their
opponents’criticisms.
Karl Marx is associated with the view that elites reflect a(n)
a. dominant social class.
b. group of business, military, labor-union, and elected officials.
c. array of appointed bureaucrats.
d. large number of organized interests.
e. flexible alliance of religious and cultural leaders.
In Europe, the vast majority of candidates
a. win constituency referendum.
b. are nominated by a member of the executive branch.
c. win in the primary election.
d. hire his or her own campaign organization.
e. are nominated by party leaders.
In most European countries, voter registration is
a. complex.
b. costly.
c. automatic.
d. as difficult as in the United States.
e. not effective.
Short television ads are called
a. visuals.
b. networking.
c. spots.
d. message pieces.
e. packaging.
The launching of the environmental movement was assisted by
a. a hurricane in Pensacola, Florida.
b. several incidents of contaminated water in Boston.
c. an oil spill on the Santa Barbara beaches.
d. the highly publicized deaths of dozens of sperm whales.
e. controversies surrounding the spread of diseases in animals.
Blacks first voted in large numbers in the South
a. in the 1970s.
b. after the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
c. after World War II.
d. early in the twentieth century.
e. soon after the Civil War.
Beginning in the 1960s, the __________ became more bureaucratized, whereas the
__________ became more factionalized.
a. Republican Party; Democratic Party
b. major parties; minor parties
c. Democratic Party; Republican Party
d. minor parties; major parties
e. Republican Party; minor parties
By 1880, only an estimated __________ percent of all adult males in the United States
could not vote; while in England at the same time, about __________ percent of adult
males were denied the right tovote.
a. 14; 40
b. 25; 50
c. 55; 60
d. 10; 24
e. 18; 36
According to the text, the grant-in-aid system grew rapidly because it helped state and
local officials resolve what dilemma?
a. How to get federal money into state hands without violating the U.S. Constitution
b. How to limit federal taxation power without reducing aid to states
c. How to increase federal taxation power without violating the U.S. Constitution
d. How to shift financial control of state programs to the federal government without
violating states’ rights
e. How to ring critical state functions gradually under federal control
The Constitutional Convention delegates’ defense of liberty as a natural right was
derived from the writings of the philosopher
a. John Locke.
b. Montesquieu.
c. Rousseau.
d. Thomas Hobbes.
e. Kant.
Civil liberties are
a. the protections the Constitution provides against the abuse of government.
b. the protecting of certain groups, such as women, gays, and African Americans.
c. free speech, free press, religious freedoms, and the rights of the accused.
d. Both A and B are true.
e. Both A and C are true.
In a 1947 decision, the Supreme Court allowed a New Jersey town to fund busing to a
parochial schoolbecause
a. no alternative form of transportation existed.
b. enrollment at that school was open to all.
c. the resulting tax burden on the average citizen was negligible.
d. busing was religiously neutral.
e. there was no true case and controversy.
Since the 1980s, the conservative coalition has become less important because
a. reapportionment has given moderates an advantage in policymaking.
b. rules changes have weakened party discipline.
c. congressional leadership changes hands more frequently.
d. many southern Democrats in Congress have been replaced by southern Republicans.
e. northern Republicans are more influential.
Which of the following statements about the formula by which delegates to the
nominating conventions are apportioned is correct?
a. Both Democrats and Republicans give extra delegates to large states.
b. Both Democrats and Republicans give extra delegates to loyal states.
c. The Democrats and Republicans use different formulas.
d. The formula reflects a movement to the center by both Democrats and Republicans.
e. Formulas have had no noticeable impact on the selection of delegates to the
conventions.
For a newspaper to be found guilty of libeling a public official, the accused party must
a. prove beyond reasonable doubt that what was printed was damaging, even if it was
printed accidentally.
b. sue the reporter who wrote the story and not the newspaper that published it.
c. sue the newspaper that published the story and not the reporter who wrote it.
d. provide clear and convincing evidence that what was printed was malicious.
e. establish that what was printed could have been interpreted in more than one manner.
In 1998, the Supreme Court ruled that a school system was not liable for the conduct of
a teacher who seduced a female student because
a. the student lied to school officials in another proceeding.
b. the student never reported the actions.
c. the teacher left the school just hours after a complaint was filed.
d. school codes regarding teacher-student relations were vague.
e. school codes required several witnesses for harassment complaints.
Which book raised public awareness about DDT?
a. The Jungle
b. RAW
c. Unsafe at Any Speed
d. Love Canal
e. Silent Spring
The Espionage and Sedition Acts that were passed in 1917 and 1918 placed restrictions
on publications that
a. advocated the overthrow of the government by force or violence.
b. made any defamatory statements about the president or other member of government.
c. advocated the crossing of state lines or use of interstate commerce to incite a riot.
d. advocated treason, insurrection, or forced resistance.
e. made any defamatory statements about military personnel or war strategy.
When the cost and benefits of a policy are widely distributed, they are
a. limited to a relatively small number of citizens.
b. spread over many, most, or even all citizens.
c. enjoyed by only one demographic.
d. limited to one geographic region.
e. spread over a number of states.
In 1896, the realignment was driven by issues related to
a. economics.
b. slavery.
c. federalism.
d. civil liberties.
e. national security.
The effect of a legislative veto is to
a. give Congress control over certain executive decisions.
b. strip House chairpersons of powers of appropriation.
c. give Congress control over the appointment of agency heads.
d. strip House chairpersons of powers of authorization.
e. return power to subcommittees.
The peak of the labor union movement in the United States occurred in the year
a. 1923.
b. 1932.
c. 1945.
d. 1956.
e. 1978.
Americans probably use __________ more frequently than the citizens of any other
nation to make or change public policy.
a. the media
b. the courts
c. Protests
d. Voting
e. Boycotts
An individual’s choice of political philosophy today is most likely to be based on his or
her
a. position on social issues such as abortion or environmentalism.
b. geographic region and socioeconomic class.
c. position on economic issues such as taxation or minimum wage.
d. gender.
e. religious beliefs.
In this 1952 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that a New York City policy permitting
public school students to be released during the school day to receive religious
instruction off school grounds was constitutional.
a. McCulloch v. Maryland
b. Engel v. Vitale
c. Zorach v. Clauson
d. Baker v. Carr
e. Reynolds v. Sims
National convention delegates, compared with their respective party members, tend to
be
a. more liberal if they are Democrats and more conservative if they are Republicans.
b. more liberal regardless of party.
c. more conservative regardless of party.
d. more conservative if they are Democrats, more liberal if they are Republicans.
e. quite similar in most respects, but not so much in terms of occupational prestige.
The president’s adviser who provides estimates of government revenues and who
recommends tax changes is the
a. chairperson of the CEA.
b. secretary of the Treasury.
c. director of the OMB.
d. chairperson of the Fed.
e. deputy director of the OMB.
The campaign finance law created in the 1970s was the direct by-product of
a. the Watergate scandal.
b. the passage of the Twenty-Sixth Amendment.
c. decreasing vote turnout.
d. wage and price controls.
e. riots in Chicago.
This famous Revolutionary leader was not at the Constitutional Convention held in
Philadelphia in1787.
a. James Madison
b. Alexander Hamilton
c. George Washington
d. Patrick Henry
e. Benjamin Franklin
The device used in automobile engines to remove emission pollutants is the
a. manifold scrubber.
b. transmission plate.
c. carburetor emission activator (CEA).
d. distributor cap.
e. catalytic converter.
Identify and define the four types of congressional committees.
The type of primary that allows a voter the greatest freedom to vote for candidates of
different parties is the blanket primary.
The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was the first federal bureaucratic agency
that exercised broad regulatory authority over the economy.
Since the passage of the War Powers Act, almost every president has sent troops abroad
without explicit congressional authorization.
A monetarist believes that inflation is caused by too little money chasing too many
goods.
Provisions of the Bill of Rights have been extended to the states via the due process
clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
The number of interest groups has grown rapidly since the 1960s.
A position issue is an issue that does not divide voters.
The gender gap in U.S. public opinion has existed for a long time.
In the Brandenburg case, the Supreme Court ruled that any speech that does not “incite
an immediate lawless action” is protected.
Identify and discuss the importance of the five elements of American political culture.
Obscenity is protected by the First Amendment.
When Bill Clinton was sworn in as president, many commentators spoke approvingly of
the “end ofgridlock.”
Public policy is invariably consistent with public opinion.
Explain how public opinion changed and AFDC lost its legitimacy.
After World War II, very few Americans favored our entry into the United Nations.
In the 2012 national election, in addition to voting in the ballot box, there were three
other methods of voting used in many states. Identify those methods.
Federalism reduces adversarial politics in environmental policy.