__________ is related to positive sibling interaction.
A)High emotional intensity in one sibling
B)Maternal warmth toward both children
C)High physical activity in one sibling
D)Lack of maternal involvement
__________, which improves from early to middle childhood, predicts children’s
resistance to suggestion in the courtroom.
A)Elaboration
B)Attention
C)Processing speed
D)Inhibition
Arthur wakes frequently to check to see if his sleeping infant, Sam, is breathing. Arthur
can reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by
A)wrapping Sam in very warm clothing and blankets.
B)placing Sam to sleep on his stomach.
C)placing Sam to sleep on his back.
D)providing Sam with soft bedding and taking away his pacifier.
Elizabeth has developed an idea of how the “perfect family” should look and act, and she
constantly criticizes her siblings and parents for not measuring up. Elizabeth’s parents
should
A)ignore her comments and hope she outgrows this behavior as she matures.
B)point out examples of children whose families are worse off than Elizabeth’s.
C)develop a hierarchy of negative consequences that should be implemented immediately
after each critical remark.
D)tolerate her criticism but also remind her that all people are blends of virtues and
imperfections.
Reduced educational and occupational attainment
A)is greater for teenage fathers than for teenage mothers.
B)often persists well into adulthood for both teenage mothers and fathers.
C)is greater for teenage mothers than for teenage fathers.
D)is lessened for teenage parents if the couple gets married.
Seven-year-old Sanjay would likely say he __________ after eating junk foods.
A)feels better
B)focuses better
C)is happier
D)feels sluggish
In Piaget’s theory, a circular reaction is a means of building schemes in which infants
A)attempt to form mental symbols of the world.
B)try to repeat chance motor activities again and again.
C)try to imitate the behaviors of others around them.
D)attempt to act out imaginary activities.
In what important way do theories differ from mere opinion or belief?
A)They are influenced by cultural values.
B)They depend on scientific verification.
C)They explain all aspects of development.
D)They cannot be tested using research procedures.
Dr. Jones believes that a child€s mind, body, and physical and social worlds form an
integrated system that guides mastery of new skills. The system is constantly in motion.
His view is consistent with which recent theoretical perspective?
A)evolutionary developmental psychology
B)sociocultural theory
C)ecological systems theory
D)dynamic systems perspective
Infants born to teenagers have a higher rate of problems because
A)teenagers’ reproductive organs are not yet mature enough to support a pregnancy.
B)teenagers are not yet physically ready to give birth.
C)many pregnant teenagers are afraid to seek medical care.
D)teenagers are exposed to more teratogens than other pregnant mothers.
Which of the following statements about the development of reading is true?
A) Around age 3 to 4, children become able to decode simple, one-syllable words.
B) Middle childhood marks the time when most children first show interest in books
and printed words.
C) Around age 7 to 8, there is a shift where children go from “learning to read” to
“reading to learn.”
D) Older learners tend to become set in their ways and have trouble adjusting the way
they read to fit their current purpose.
Which of the following teenagers is at highest risk for drug use and abuse and antisocial
behavior?
A)Danica, who avoids dealing with personal decisions and, instead, allows current
situational pressures to dictate her reactions
B)Hayden, who has adopted his parents’ values and beliefs without questioning or
exploring alternatives
C)Deon, who is actively exploring various belief systems but has not yet settled on one
that “fits”
D)Mackenzie, who has committed to a particular religious faith after considering several
alternatives
__________ plays a role in whether empathy prompts sympathetic, prosocial behavior or a
personally distressed, self-focused response.
A)Effortful control
B)Emotional masking
C)Temperament
D)Birth order
When Amanda succeeds, her mother says, “You’re so smart!” This type of praise might
lead Amanda to
A)exert more effort when faced with a challenge.
B)question her competence in the face of failure.
C)focus on learning rather than performance.
D)pay little attention to her academic achievements.