Physical anthropologists:
a. travel around the world to investigate human populations.
b. study living populations.
c. study primates like lemurs, monkeys, and apes.
d. all of the above
Nonhuman primates have smaller brains; therefore the birthing process differs by being:
a. shorter and less painful.
b. more dramatic, but shorter.
c. simpler, but dramatic.
d. longer and more painful.
Which fossil group is characterized by an eye orbit fully enclosed by bone?
a. adapids
b. plesiadapiforms
c. anthropoids
d. omomyids
The individual genotypes in a breeding population, taken as a whole, are the:
a. gene pool.
b. DNA.
c. genome.
d. polygene.
Diversity in primate societies means that:
a. primates express themselves socially through a wide range of behaviors.
b. primates encompass a variety of species with similar behaviors.
c. primates can be classified into particular species exhibiting one type of behavior.
d. primates are just as diverse in their behavior as are humans.
Archaic Homo sapiens:
a. occurs only in Europe and Asia.
b. shows a mixture of Homo erectus and Homo sapiens traits.
c. is dated to the late Pliocene.
d. is often found with Oldowan stone tools.
How was Darwin influenced by Thomas Malthus’s work on population growth?
a. Darwin was interested in Malthus’s examination of population changes in pea plants.
b. Darwin was influenced by Malthus’s work on demography and population responses
to food availability.
c. Darwin liked the concept of Latin taxonomic classification as it pertained to human
groups.
d. Darwin was greatly influenced by research on acquired characteristics.
After conducting stable-isotope analysis of an ice core you record a high level of 18O at
a particular layer. This suggests that:
a. the climate at this time was cold.
b. the climate at this time was warm.
c. the climate at this time was dry.
d. the climate at this time was humid.
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
a. proprimates.
b. dryopithecids.
c. proconsulids.
d. adapids.
About _________of the world’s population lives in cities.
a. 25%
b. 90%
c. 75%
d. 50%
Chemical analysis of the _________ can provide information on diets and habitats.
a. shell
b. cloth
c. bones and teeth
d. wood
Dental caries increased at the same time that populations were producing:
a. nuts.
b. corn.
c. seeds.
d. animal protein.
Australopithecus garhimay be the ancestor of:
a. Homo habilis.
b. Australopithecus afarensis.
c. Orrorin tugenesis.
d. Homo sapiens.
The Middle Paleolithic prepared-core stone tools that are associated with Neandertals
are called:
a. Mousterian.
b. Gravettian.
c. Solutrean.
d. Acheulean.
Australopithecus robustuswas likely the longest-surviving species of australopithecine
in South Africa. It had:
a. a big brain, big teeth, and a big face.
b. large molars, a big face, and a sagittal crest.
c. a large body, large teeth, and a sagittal crest.
d. a big face, large teeth, and a large body.
Analyses of modern human genetic variation indicate that Homo sapiens may have
evolved approximately:
a. 50,000 yBP.
b. 200,000 yBP.
c. 750,000 yBP.
d. 1,000,000 yBP.
All fossils of archaic Homo sapiens and earlier Homo erectus show:
a. continued reduction in skeletal robusticity and tooth size.
b. expansion of the brain and increased cultural complexity.
c. a large cranial capacity.
d. both a. and b.
Quality in feeding strategy refers to:
a. the location of food sources.
b. the acquisition of food.
c. the food that can be stored for future consumption.
d. a food’s providing energy and protein that are readily digestible.
Somatic cells include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. lung cells.
b. gametes.
c. skin cells.
d. neurons.
Hip fractures in older adults are:
a. more common in modern societies than in previous ones.
b. related to decreased longevity.
c. related to vision degeneration over time.
d. the result of a more active lifestyle.
Wolff’s law:
a. is the principle that the lengths of limb bones are related to environmental conditions.
b. applies to the maintenance of the endocrine system.
c. accounts for the remodeling of bone when it is under stress.
d. says that bone mass is taken away where it is needed and produced where it is not
needed.
Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like:
a. long legs and opposable toes.
b. double arches and adducted big toe.
c. long arms.
d. foramen magnum at the back of the skull.
How is biocultural anthropology different from cultural anthropology?
a. It combines cultural studies with archaeology.
b. It examines the interaction between biology and culture in shaping human biology.
c. It is strictly a biological science.
d. It considers culture to be a byproduct of our biological histories.
To reconstruct and interpret evolutionary changes, it is crucial to place each fossil in
time. This is called:
a. a chronological sequence.
b. an era.
c. a period.
d. a phylogeny.
To date, the majority of Neandertal fossils have been found in:
a. India.
b. Europe.
c. northern Africa.
d. southeast Asia.
Homo erectus differed from earlier hominids in having traits such as:
a. a smaller brain.
b. larger teeth.
c. a bigger sagittal keel.
d. a larger brain.
Before AD 1000 what did the people of Saint Catherines Island eat?
a. They ate wild animals, fish, and wild plants.
b. They ate bison and salmon.
c. They were vegetarians and ate wild plants exclusively.
d. They were frugivores.
Physical anthropologists study what type of science?
a. astrological
b. biological
c. social
d. both b. and c.
A hypothesis:
a. is equivalent to a theory.
b. is an attempt to explain observations and predict future scientific results.
c. is a statement concerning scientific facts.
d. is unable to be refuted by future investigations.
The physical location of a gene within the genome is called the:
a. chromosome.
b. nucleus.
c. address.
d. locus.
The Oldowan Complex is a part of the:
a. Upper Paleolithic.
b. Lower Paleolithic.
c. Eocene.
d. Solutrean.
In the American Midwest native seed crops goosefoot, sumpweed, and sunflowers were
farmed about:
a. 11,500 yBP.
b. 8,000 yBP.
c. 6,000″1,000 yBP.
d. 10,500 yBP.
Why is the work of Alfred Russell Wallace considered when discussing the theory of
evolution?
a. He was an English naturalist who had arrived at many of the same conclusions as
Darwin through his own research in the Amazon.
b. His work is not considered, as he was mistakenly credited with the theory of natural
selection.
c. He was a British dog breeder who worked on artificial selection experiments in the
same way Mendel worked on sweet peas to determine inheritance.
d. He was well known and gathered even more evidence to support evolution than
Darwin, though from the Amazon rather than the Galapagos.