Referrals to juvenile court for African American males occur more than_________ the
rate for whites.
a. twice
b. five times
c. triple
d. half
Since the___________, retribution as a justification for the criminal sanction has
aroused new interest.
a. 1930s
b. 1950s
c. 1970s
d. 1990s
Residential centers tend to be __________ the local community.
a. unpopular with
b. welcome in
c. generators of crime in
d. financial boons to
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Remove an offender’s capacity to commit crime
b. Min/max range of incarceration
c. Punishment as an example to the public
d. Restoring the offender to society
e. Control over the amount of time a prisoner serves
f. Deserved punishment
g. Incarcerated for the betterment of society
h. Goal of punishment seeking to repair damage caused
i. Fixed time of incarceration
j.Punishment for the individual
Rehabilitation
Americans have traditionally tended to equate which of the following with punishment?
a. probation
b. prison
c. parole
d. house arrest
Finding employment after release is relatively easy.
a. True
b. False
a. A range of correctional management strategies
b. Incarceration followed by sentence reduction
c. Sanctions can be calibrated and made equivalent
d. Designed for young offenders
e. Compensation for loss
f. Penalty based on an offender’s income
g. Free labor as compensation
h. Government seizes assets used in criminal activity
i. Potential loss to victim/system
j. Targets offenders subject to incarceration
Continuum of sanctions
The original penitentiary relied on penance and contemplation as the means for the
criminal offender to move from sin toward perfection.
a. True
b. False
According to opponents of the death penalty, capital punishment is applied in a
discriminatory fashion.
a. True
b. False
According to the authors, corrections has a(n) __________relationship with its
environment.
a. reciprocal
b. inverse
c. oppositional
d. purposeful
Today, most women’s prisons in the U.S. resemble college campuses in size and
structure.
a. True
b. False
Originating in the court, the first U.S. probation agencies were units of the judicial
branches of city and county governments, primarily in the eastern United States.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following statements is true about the prison commissary?
a. The usual stock does not satisfy inmates’ needs
b. Prices are low enough for inmates to afford.
c. Commissary privileges are a right for all inmates.
d. all of the above
In ______________, the Supreme Court ruled that juries, not judges, must make the
crucial factual decisions as to whether a convicted murderer should receive the death
penalty.
a. Roper v. Simmons
b. Atkins v Virginia
c. Gregg v. Georgia
d. Ring v. Arizona
Depending on the state, probation may be:
a. centralized or decentralized.
b. administered by judiciary or executive branch.
c. combined with parole services.
d. all of these.
We have spatial concentration in the United States because neighborhoods are:
a. poor.
b. integrated.
c. assimilated.
d. segregated.
Parole release mechanisms primarily determine the date at which a particular prisoner
will be released back into the community.
a. True
b. False
Community justice does not replace the need for criminal justice, but it fills in where
the justice system fails to meet community needs.
a. True
b. False
The case of _________held that potential jurors who object to the death penalty cannot
be automatically excluded from jury service in capital cases.
a. Gideon v. Wainwright
b. Witherspoon v. Illinois
c. Gregg v. Georgia
d. Furman v. Georgia
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Requires “essentials” of due process
b. Has no parent or guardian and does not receive proper care
c. Child who commits an act if committed by an adult is not a crime
d. Transfer to adult court
e. State as guardian
f. Parole
g. Specifies “essentials” of due process
h. Stop doing crime
i.Child not receiving proper care
j.Depends on social expectations
In Re Gault
Patterns of disproportionate representation in the criminal justice system:
a. start with juveniles.
b. are a rural phenomenon.
c. have always existed.
d. are a relatively new occurrence,
A defendant’s preliminary hearing can be waived.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
John Augustus
Large corrections systems damage families and communities, and increase racial
inequality.
a. True
b. False
a.Staff has direct contact with offenders
b. Prosecutor makes a deal with defendant to steer clear of incapacitation
c. Protection to the community by incarcerating an offender
d. Supervision under home confinement
e. Holding tanks for up to 48 hours
f. Person who provides bail money for a fee
g. Rehabilitative jail experience
h. Pretrial and probation violators report daily
i. Funded per prisoner per day
j. Feespecified by a judge as a condition for pretrial release
Pretrial diversion
The warden is the chief executive officer of the institution.
a. True
b. False
The unequal treatment of one group by the criminal justice system, compared with the
treatment afforded other groups, is referred to as______________.
a. bias
b. disparity
c. exploitation
d. discrimination
The history of corrections has taught us that we often__________ the people we try to
help.
a. cure
b. reach
c. neglect
d. injure
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Requires “essentials” of due process
b. Has no parent or guardian and does not receive proper care
c. Child who commits an act if committed by an adult is not a crime
d. Transfer to adult court
e. State as guardian
f. Parole
g. Specifies “essentials” of due process
h. Stop doing crime
i.Child not receiving proper care
j.Depends on social expectations
Delinquent
One of the negatives about community justice approaches is that they fail to recognize
the underlying problems of the offender, victims, and others in the neighborhood.
a. True
b. False