States with more generous welfare benefits have higher prison populations.
a. True
b. False
According to community-based corrections, the goal of the criminal justice system is to:
a. punish the offender.
b. reintegrate the offender.
c. focus on the victim.
d. achieve justice.
The most experienced correctional workers have seen highly praised programs:
a. gain widespread support.
b. achieve great ends.
c. come and go.
d. fail to be implemented.
Parole in the United States evolved during the 19th century following the English,
Australian, and Irish practices of conditional pardon, apprenticeship by indenture, and
transportation.
a. True
b. False
__________conditions provide constraints on some probationers to increase the
restrictiveness of probation including fines, community service, and restitution.
a. Standard
b. Technical
c. Punitive
d. Treatment
Ninety-three percent of the adult prison population is:
a. African American.
b. Latino.
c. male.
d. white.
Parole officer caseloads average:
a. 36 cases per officer.
b. 50 cases per officer.
c. 66 cases per officer.
d. 80 cases per officer.
Some lower courts have upheld rules in conflict with the ____________Amendment
protections because they were the least restrictive method of dealing with an
institutional problem.
a. First
b. Fourth
c. Eighth
d. Fourteenth
A potential threat to administrators’ ability to manage the correctional system is:
a. media coverage.
b. privatization.
c. personnel.
d. a schizophrenic public.
The doctrine that persons having been convicted of wrongful behavior should not be
eligible for social benefits beyond the bare minimum required by law is known as the:
a. principle of minimal return.
b. principle of least benefit.
c. principle of least eligibility.
d. none of these
Restitution is compensation for financial, physical, or emotional loss.
a. True
b. False
Approximately what percent of women released from incarceration have nowhere to go
and must find a place to live?
a. 10 to 20 percent
b. 60 to 70 percent
c. 30 to 50 percent
d. 80 to 90 percent
In all U.S. states, the parole board (releasing authority) is part of the department of
corrections.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is a reward associated with the jailing lifestyle?
a. increased acceptance by prison officials
b. fewer problems with those prisoners who are known politicians
c. increased prestige within the inmate social system
d. greater power among treatment officials
Which Amendment addresses prisoner rights as they pertain to religious practices?
a. Fourteenth
b. Second
c. Fourth
d. First
According to the authors, statistics show that most parolees return to prison.
a. True
b. False
In New England, the Puritans maintained a society governed by what type of
principles?
a. legalistic
b. religious
c. socialist
d. capitalist
Which U.S. president declared an official “war on drugs”?
a. Jimmy Carter
b. George Bush Sr.
c. Ronald Reagan
d. Bill Clinton
During the Refuge Period the first institution where delinquent, abused, and neglected
children could learn good work and study habits, live in a disciplined and healthy
environment, and develop character was the House of Refuge in:
a. Pennsylvania.
b. Massachusetts.
c. New York.
d. New Jersey.
Parole evolved during the:
a. 17th century.
b. 18th century.
c. 19th century.
d. 20th century.
The new industrialism brought about a shift from penal to economic considerations as
the basis for punishment.
a. True
b. False
The drug abuser presents problems for corrections
a. indistinct and hardly any
b. classification and organizational
c. very few significant
d. both treatment and management
The average delay between arrest and sentencing is more than six months for inmates.
a. True
b. False
By the end of the 1970s, federal judges had imposed changes on prisons and jails in
every state.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Treatment conditions
In terms of culture, the United States is a:
a. homogenous society.
b. melting pot.
c. disassimilated culture.
d. mosaic.
Treatment assignments in which prisoners in maximum security facilities are not
eligible include:
a. religion.
b. exercise.
c. work release.
d. cognitive therapy.
Some prisons are operated under the direction of:
a. the federal government.
b. sheriffs.
c. police departments.
d. local government.
Intermediate sanctions include which of the following?
a. community service
b. boot camps
c. home confinement
d. all of these
A probation officer faces role conflict every day around:
a. the demands of the organization and the expectations of the offender.
b. the responsibilities of enforcing the law and helping the offender simultaneously.
c. personal expectations about probation work and the visible realities of the job.
d. investments of time by the probation officer with respect to presentence investigation
reports and counseling offenders.