Residential programs normally house between 10 and _________ offenders at any one
time.
a. 12
b. 15
c. 19
d. 25
Which of the following is an argument for a centralized probation authority?
a. Decentralized programs are often unprofessional and lag behind the times
b. It is able to train staff for a variety of roles
c. It is able to implement broader program with greater equality in supervision and
services
d. All of these.
According to the author, the general rule of architecture, including prisons, is that form
follows:
a. freedom.
b. function.
c. style.
d. all of these.
What region within the United States has the lowest incarceration rate
a. The South
b. The Northeast
c. The West
d. The Southwest
One key purpose of prison labor is to:
a. earn a living wage.
b. develop knowledge they can use when released on parole.
c. to relieve idleness
d. all of these
According to the author, Most correctional administrators find that their greatest
frustrations lie in:
a. budgetary constraints.
b. legal constraints.
c. lack of interagency partnerships.
d. lack of a clear mission.
A consequence of the view of differential criminality would be that:
a. race would not be a factor in the criminal justice system.
b. the view is vulnerable to charges of racism.
c. it can inform preventative detention policies.
d. the view is vulnerable to charges of racism and it would mean the creation of a
“criminal class” of people who are dangerous.
Patterns of disproportionate representation in the criminal justice system:
a. start with juveniles.
b. are a rural phenomenon.
c. have always existed.
d. are inevitable.
Today’s prison construction is greatly influenced by:
a. drug use.
b. scare tactics.
c. cost.
d. politics.
Because of the heinous nature of the crime, several states have sought to enact laws
permitting use of the death penalty for adults who _________________.
a. kill a child while drunk driving
b. rape a child
c. molest a child
d. neglect a child
_________________is mutual trust among neighbors combined with the willingness to
intervene for the common good.
a. collective efficacy
b. community policing
c. proactive policing
d. spatial concentration
According to the text, Serious attempts made to implement what became known as the
medical model of corrections began in the:
a. 1890s.
b. 1920s.
c. 1940s.
d. 1960s.
Jails are the _________ the criminal justice system.
a. the most valued part of
b. exitway from
c. barrier to
d. entry point into
One key method shown to prevent AIDS transmission is through:
a. education.
b. passing out condoms.
c. prohibiting homosexual behavior.
d. legalizing drugs.
The process by which a new inmate absorbs the customs of the prison society and
learns to adapt to the environment is known as:
a. prisonization.
b. socialization.
c. integration.
d. assimilation.
The term __________refers to the use of technology to monitor those on community
corrections.
a. techno-corrections
b. techno-prison
c. techno-warden
d. techno-jails
During the early 1960s, the U.S. Supreme Court decided to require state governments to
_________most of the rights listed in the Bill of Rights:
a. respect.
b. reject.
c. regulate.
d. reconstruct.
What case was instrumental in ensuring that women’s prisons had programs comparable
to that of male prisons?
a. Bell v Wolfish
b. Terry v. Ohio
c. Glover v. Johnson
d. Morressey v Brewer
The first institution to embody the principles of the Cincinnati Prison Congress was:
a. Sing Sing Prison.
b. Auburn State Penitentiary
c. Elmira Reformatory.
d. Cincinnati City Prison.
In Atkins v. Virginiathe Supreme Court ruled that:
a. executing the mentally retarded is unconstitutional.
b. discrimination must be proven in each case.
c. the death penalty is unconstitutional.
d. bifurcated trials are constitutional.
The relationship between prison crowding and violence is:
a. obvious.
b. determined.
c. unclear.
d. nonexistent.
In 2003 the Prison Rape Elimination Act was created in order to:
a. gather national statistics on prison rape.
b. make prison rape illegal.
c. honor a rape victim.
d. support prisoner’s rights.
For most of United States history, the Bill of Rights was interpreted as protecting
individuals from acts of the:
a. federal government.
b. unlawful masses.
c. state legislatures.
d. the President.
What percent of African American fathers are now incarcerated?
a. 6
b. 9
c. 12
d. 15
Correctional leaders have found the best way to weaken prison gangs is to:
a. negotiate between gang members.
b. place gang members in solitary confinement.
c. transfer gang members to another institution.
d. all of these.
The general public is often __________ to creative programming for inmates.
a. supportive
b. welcoming
c. hostile
d. tepid
Which of the following is an impact of release mechanisms?
a. They can shorten a sentence imposed by a judge.
b. They encourage plea-bargaining.
c. They mitigate the harshness of the penal code.
d. All of these.
Most of those in charge of today’s corrections system would argue that what we are
doing is:
a. effective.
b. self-destructive.
c. fair.
d. reasonable.
__________ is a drug that inhibits drinking.
a. Methadone
b. Cocaine
c. Antabuse
d. Malabuse
Which of the following is not a union for correctional officers today?
a. American Federation of Correctional Employees
b. American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees
c. California Correctional Peace Officers Association
d. None of these
Parole is often viewed as a:
a. privilege.
b. right.
c. duty.
d. grace.
A principal feature in prison society which reinforces the norms and roles of the social
system and influences the nature of interpersonal relationships is known as:
a. cable TV.
b. programming.
c. the yard.
d. an underground economy.
The design of a structure should serve the structure’s ____________.
Prisoners have always had constitutional rights.
It is said that states with violent crime rates have lower levels of imprisonment.
The case of ________________looked at the way the death penalty was administered
through cruel and unusual punishment.
Scholars point to the _________________ as the first comprehensive statement of
prohibited behavior.
Parolees are released from prison on condition that they follow rules designed both to
aid their readjustment to society and to __________________.
Over half of the occupants in U.S. jails are ___________.
The phrase “under some form of correctional supervision” is referring to the following
three forms of control: __________, ___________, and ______________.
Prison gangs are also referred to as ____________________.
Public opinion about punishment has remained static over the last 200 years.
A system of government in which power and responsibilities are divided between a
national government and individual state governments is known as ____________.
There have always been more African American men in prison than in college.
A defendant’s preliminary hearing can be waived.
An institution for incarceration of people convicted of serious crimes, usually felons, is
called ___________.
Conflicts between a child and adult may promote delinquency as the child’s way of
“getting back” or unintentionally calling attention to the conflict.
Prostitution is more an _____________ crime than a sexual crime.
The primary personnel problem facing jail administrators is probably a combination of
________ and poor working conditions.