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In most of the world's countries, new mothers are allowed to keep their infants with
them in prison. Among the following countries, which is least likely to allow this?
a. Mexico
b. Spain
c. Hong Kong
d. United States
Despite the presence of locally controlled police, the textbook places France in the
centralized command category because those local police forces:
a. are comprised of citizen volunteers.
b. do not wear a uniform.
c. merely supplement, rather than replace, the Police Nationale.
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the FBI are similar agencies in that each:
a. can perform contract services for local governments.
b. has primary responsibility for drug enforcement in their respective countries.
c. is only one of more than 40 federal law enforcement agencies in their respective
country.
d. is a federal agency dedicated to the enforcement of federal statutes and executive
orders.
Of the major groups of illicit drugs, production has been declining for:
a. cannabis and amphetamines.
b. opium and coca.
c. synthetics and cannabis.
d. amphetamines and synthetics.
The Saudi qadi is not bound by legal precedent in making his decisions, but he must at
least follow his own prior decisions.
a. True
b. False
Which Saudi Arabia court reviews all death, amputation, or stoning sentences?
a. Court of Cassation
b. Higher Council of the Judiciary
c. General Court
d. Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Most accurately, Interpol is a force of international detectives with worldwide
jurisdiction.
a. True
b. False
At the completion of legal training in "Justiceland," Linda must decide which legal
career she wants to enter. Upon meeting the entrance requirements for that field, Linda
will not be able to easily move to any other legal field. What kind of legal profession
does "Justiceland" have?
a. Separated
b. Adversarial
c. Unified
d. Inquisitorial
Interpol agents not only investigate cases across borders, but may also arrest suspects
and detain them for local authorities.
a. True
b. False
Why are defense lawyers scarce in Islamic law?
a. They are not specifically authorized in the Qur"an
b. There is no trial in Islamic law
c. Muslims traditionally act for themselves or rely on relatives or character witnesses
d. Defense lawyers are too expensive for the common defendant
Forced labor trafficking is believed to comprise the majority of the world's human
trafficking.
a. True
b. False
When the death penalty was abolished in Canada, France, Germany, and the United
Kingdom, the majority of citizens in each country actually favored its use.
a. True
b. False
When American cities use neighborhood"based foot patrols, substations, and other
programs that place police officers more fully in the community, it can be argued that
those cities are borrowing an idea from Japan's:
a. koban.
b. tatemae.
c. use of deferred patrol.
d. reliance on private policing.
Scotland provides an especially good contemporary example of substantive criminal
law in the common legal tradition because Scottish courts take an active role in
judge-made law.
a. True
b. False
Muslim scholars distinguish between general and specific criminal intent. Which of
those may have to be proved to show that the act under question was committed without
justification or excuse?
a. General criminal intent
b. Specific criminal intent
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above
The part of law that creates, defines, and regulates rights is:
a. procedural law.
b. civil law.
c. substantive law.
d. tort law.
Which model emphasizes individual rights?
a. Consensus model
b. Conflict model
c. Crime-control model
d. Due-process model
Eurojust is a European Union (EU) organization that works to enhance cooperation and
coordination of the prosecuting authorities in EU countries.
a. True
b. False
The French career judiciary (called the magistrature) includes all the following
EXCEPT:
a. trial judge.
b. public prosecutor (procureur).
c. solicitor (soliciteur).
d. investigating judge (juge d"instruction).
France's placement of crimes into three categories not only refers to the seriousness of
the offenses but also indicates which court will hear the case.
a. True
b. False
Islamic law proscribes both _____ and _____ as the means of carrying out the death
penalty.
a. beheading / whipping
b. stoning / hanging
c. beheading / stoning
d. stoning / whipping
Whereas Western systems seek rehabilitation by encouraging the offender to become
independent and responsible, the Japanese system encourages the offender to:
a. integrate voluntarily into the structured social order.
b. isolate himself/herself from all social groups except her family.
c. attend "resocialization" classes operated by Shinto priests.
d. become emotionally dependent but financially independent.
Terrorism is a tactic used across all regions of the world, but the National
Counterterrorism Center's 2010 Report on Terrorism found that most attacks and the
largest number of victims were in:
a. Europe and Eurasia.
b. South Asia.
c. the Western Hemisphere.
d. Africa.
Oftentimes, transnational crime relies on several individuals and groups in many
countries to complete the crime, thus giving it an organized structure.
a. True
b. False
In France, the basic tribunal for minor offenses is the:
a. Police Court.
b. Correctional Court.
c. Assize Court.
d. People's Court.
When deciding the appropriate punishment for tazir offenses, judges are encouraged to
be flexible and choose a punishment that will help the offender and deter others from
committing the same crime.
a. True
b. False
Judicial review refers to the power of a court to find any law to be unconstitutional and
unenforceable.
a. True
b. False
Three reforms are planned for how China responds to juvenile offenders. Which of the
following is NOT one of those three?
a. Establish more independent juvenile courts
b. Create laws specifically for juveniles
c. Increase the penalties for juvenile offenders
d. Expand the use of suspension of prosecution measures
Under the adversarial system truth is said to arise from a continuing investigation, so
the emphasis is on the screening process.
a. True
b. False
It is possible in some countries to become a judge by simply choosing that as a career
after completing one's formal legal education.
a. True
b. False
Synthetic classification strategies:
a. result in artificial groups.
b. are based on an extensive study of the object to be classified.
c. provide a classification that allows predictivity regarding the group's members.
d. are classification strategies that are later proven to be false.
Li Chang is interested in how the socialist principles of Mao Zedong are reflected in the
sentences handed down in Chinese courts. Given that interest, the approach Li is taking
would best be described as:
a. historical.
b. situational.
c. political.
d. descriptive.
Modernization theory suggests that a nation's crime level is best explained as resulting
from:
a. an increase in the proportion of males in the population.
b. an increase in goods that become available for theft.
c. the expansion of capitalism and the resulting new inequalities in a country.
d. social processes (such as loosened family ties) that accompany industrial
development.
