If progress breaks down while conducting imitation training, the practitioner should:
A. Reduce the speed of the lesson
B. Back up and move ahead slowly
C. Change to alternate behaviors then return
D. Remove that behavior from the repertoire
Shaping a behavior within a response ________________ means that the form of the
behavior remains constant, but differential reinforcement is applied to a dimension of
the behavior.
a. Schedule
b. Chain
c. Topography
d. Contingency
Measurement is ___________ when it yields the same values across repeated
measurement of the same event.
a. Indirect
b. Direct
c. Reliable
d. Valid
In a changing criterion design, when the participant’s behavior closely conforms to the
gradually changing performance criteria, then ___________ has been established.
A. Magnitude of behavior change
B. Experimental control
C. Effective intervention
D. Reliability
Dave received a referral for behavioral treatment of an individual’s self-injurious
behavior. The individual has profound mental disabilities and is nonverbal. The staff
who works with the client stated that the behavior emerged rather suddenly about a
month ago, and has been getting increasingly worse. The staff haven”t attempted any
systematic intervention for the behavior yet because they”ve been taken by such
surprise by it. What should Dave do?
A. Proceed directly to behavioral intervention without obtaining consent because the
behavior is self-injurious.
B. Investigate whether the problem might have a medical cause by determining if a
medical evaluation has been done recently.
C. Refer the individual to another therapist for talk therapy, since it is wise to attempt
solving the problem through other disciplines first.
D. Implement a punishment procedure to immediately suppress the self-injurious
behavior. It is unlikely that reinforcement-based interventions will be successful.
Travis has been training his puppy, Belle, to sit by the back door and bark when she
wants to go outside and “do her business.” First, Travis let her out, provided her with
tons of praise, and gave her a treat (all presumed reinforcers) if she sat by the back door
and then when outside and urinated. Then, Travis withheld reinforcement for this
behavior and provided the reinforcers only if she sat by the door and made a small noise
(i.e., a whine). Now that she does that well, Travis is withholding reinforcement for that
behavior and only providing the reinforcers if she sits by the door and makes a bark.
What has Travis been doing?
a. Shaping sitting by the door and barking when Belle has to urinate.
b. Using differential reinforcement to teach Belle to sit by the door and bark when she
has to urinate.
c. Using backward chaining to teach Belle to sit by the door and bark when she has to
urinate.
d. A & B
e. B & C
Which of the following examples illustrates socially-mediated negative reinforcement:
A. Alice scratches her arm to alleviate an itch.
B. Marge closes her eyes when the wind picks up on the beach to avoid getting sand in
her eyes.
C. Sandy asks her mother for help washing the dishes to reduce the amount of time she
has to spend in the kitchen doing chores.
D. Paul uses the remote control to mute the television during commercials to avoid
listening to the commercial hype.
This involves the repetition of experiments to determine the reliability of findings.
A. Experimentation
B. Replication
C. Reproduction
D. Control
A well-planned scientific investigation begins with _____________
A. Systematic observation
B. Target behavior selection
C. Experimental question
D. Intervention
Skinner was the first to apply the philosophy and theory of radical behaviorism to self
control and defined this as a two-response phenomenon involving:
A. a controlling response
B. a control response
C. a controlled response
D. A & B
E. A & C
All of the following are measurable dimensional quantities except:
a. Repeatability
b. Temporal extent
c. Temporal locus
d. Topography
Describe three methods for measuring social validity of a behavior change.
Define and describe noncontingent reinforcement. Be sure to discuss how it operates,
what its purpose or function is, and considerations for effective implementation of the
technique.
Give an example of shaping across a response topography and shaping within a
response topography. Explain why your examples fall into each of these categories.
What are three situations in which a delayed multiple baseline provides an appropriate
tactic for analyzing behavior?
Provide a brief explanation of why applied behavior analysts measure behavior.
Discuss the two defining features of behavior and the two assumptions about the nature
of behavior which guides the experimental methods of behavior analysis.
What factors should you consider when trying to determine whether a proposed
intervention is likely to be successful? Name at least 4.
What are the elements of the three-term contingency?
Discuss the advantages and limitations of a functional analysis.
State the five elements of Striefel’s (1974) imitation training program.
Define and describe high-p sequence. Be certain to discuss how it operates, what its
main function is, and considerations for effective implementation of the technique.
A number of suggestions for teaching loosely were made by Baer (1999). Name five of
these recommendations for teaching loosely and provide a rationale as to why each
suggestion may be pertinent to a learner’s performance of a target behavior(s).
Explain the factors that go into making a determination as to whether an individual has
the capacity to make an informed decision.