Mrs. Basir holds flash cards of numbers and asks kindergarten students to say the
numbers when they see them. This activity provides practice in:
A) Computation.
B) Word problems.
C) Number identification.
D) Quantity discrimination.
Which of the following questions is NOT an example of an open question?
A) What do you think might be happening?
B) Are you pleased with your son’s progress this year?
C) How do you interpret it?
D) How does this relate to his behavior at home?
When dealing with older students with reading disabilities, all of the following are
factors to be considered EXCEPT:
A) Secondary students are less eager to succeed as readers than elementary students.
B) Older students value choice about what they read.
C) Many forms of reading go beyond traditional print; consider technology as a source
of text.
D) Dedication to reading is the best predictor of reading achievement.
A lack of sufficient knowledge about cultural and linguistic diversity can result in all of
the following statements EXCEPT:
A) Educators implementing RTI may presume that a child who does not make progress
at a certain pace must have a disability.
B) Educators implementing RTI may not recognize that a child may need additional
time and support while learning English.
C) Educators may equate cultural differences with cultural deficits.
D) Educators refusing to recommend culturally and linguistically diverse students for
special education because the problem is only a language difference and not a genuine
disability.
Which of the following sounds are voiced?
A) /s/
B) /f/
C) /p/
D) /d/
All of the following are potential barriers to successful inclusion EXCEPT:
A) The general education teacher may feel unable to meet the needs of an included
student with disabilities.
B) The general education teacher may not want to work with the student with
disabilities.
C) Most students with disabilities do not like inclusive settings.
D) Finding time to meet with teachers is challenging.
Which of the following refers to the way in which the sounds of our language map to
print?
A) Onset-rime
B) Alphabetic principle
C) Phonological awareness
D) Syllable segmentation
Students in Mr. Roskey’s class were given a worksheet to identify the missing number
in a sequence. Mr. Roskey told the students to do only the first problem. After they
completed the first problem, they were to check it and make any necessary changes. If
they thought that their answer to problem one was correct, they were to put a small
check by the answer. If they thought that it was incorrect, they should mark a small “i”
next to the answer. By this activity, Mr. Roskey is teaching his students to:
A) Edit their work.
B) Check their work and monitor their errors.
C) Complete problems quickly and efficiently.
D) Ask him questions when they do not know the answer.
Cedar Hills School District has decided to encourage its schools to implement RTI, but
implementation is not mandatory. The teachers at one of the schools, Cedar Grove
Elementary, have just attended an RTI conference with the principal. Half of the
teachers at Cedar Grove are interested in implementing RTI on a trial basis and the
other half want to continue with their traditional instruction and intervention
framework. What would be the best option for Cedar Grove Elementary at this
moment?
A) The principal should mandate that all teachers participate in RTI.
B) Half of the teachers should participate in RTI.
C) The school should seek additional information about RTI (e.g., observe and talk to
other schools in the area who are implementing RTI).
D) RTI should be implemented on a trial basis for half the school year.
Linda, a speech-language pathologist, has just evaluated a second-grade child and
determined that the child has an expressive and receptive language disorder. When she
meets with the child’s parents to explain the findings, the parents disagree and say that
the child speaks well at home. Linda immediately argues with the parents that the test
scores are valid and it is essential that the child be placed in speech and language
therapy. In what way is Linda communicating poorly with the parents?
A) She is not demonstrating respect for the parents’ knowledge and understanding of
their child.
B) She is giving the parents an opportunity to speak or be heard.
C) She is using closed questions.
D) She is not staying directed and on topic.
Which of the following is NOT a specific process in the information-processing
system?
A) Attention
B) Working memory
C) Long-term memory
D) Executive functioning
Universal screening in reading and sometimes math is an essential component of the
RTI model at the:
A) Tier 1 level.
B) Tier 2 level.
C) Tier 3 level.
D) Time of referral for a complete evaluation.
Activating background knowledge, preteaching critical vocabulary, generating
questions, and finding the main ideas are all considered:
A) Fluency strategies.
B) Decoding strategies.
C) Comprehension strategies.
D) Before reading strategies.
Language programs that combine the systematic explicit teaching of reading with
activities that incorporate the visual, auditory, tactile, and kinesthetic modalities are
called:
A) Direct instruction programs.
B) Sensory awareness programs.
C) Multisensory structured language programs.
D) Implicit code instruction programs.
Which of the following statements about an IFSP is true?
A) It is the same as an IEP.
B) It can be developed by an early intervention teacher.
C) It must be developed by a multidisciplinary team.
D) It does not include related services (e.g., speech-language).
All of the following choices are key features to consider in assessing text structure
EXCEPT:
A) If the introduction provides purpose, relevance, and overview.
B) If titles, headings, and subheadings reflect main ideas of content.
C) If the definitions of key terms are provided.
D) If the review questions focus exclusively on main concepts.
Which of the following choices does NOT demonstrate the importance of inclusion for
students with learning and behavior problems?
A) Students want to be successful in the general education classroom with age-similar
peers.
B) The vast majority of students with learning disabilities and behavior problems profit
from extensive time in the general education classroom when instruction and behavior
supports meet their needs.
C) They require more intensive academic support in their area of need.
D) Inclusion in the general education classroom has been linked to better grades in core
subjects.
Learning prefixes are easier than learning suffixes for all of the following reasons
EXCEPT:
A) Prefixes generally have clearer meanings than suffixes.
B) Prefixes are generally spelled more regularly than suffixes.
C) Prefixes generally don”t change their spelling depending on the base words.
D) Prefixes generally don”t have abstract meanings while suffixes always do.
Which of the following choices correctly lists the components of reading fluency?
A) Rate of reading, comprehension, and accuracy of word reading.
B) Rate of reading, rhythm, and pitch.
C) Rate of reading, accuracy of word reading, and prosody.
D) Accuracy of word reading, phonological awareness, and phonics.
Which of the following statements about comprehension is NOT true?
A) Reading comprehension is the process of construction meaning by integrating the
information provided by an author with a reader’s own background knowledge.
B) It consists of three elements: the reader, the text, and the purpose for reading.
C) It involves complex cognitive skills and strategies with which the reader interacts
with the text to construct meaning.
D) Reading comprehension is unaffected by low oral language skills.
A book from a program has the following text; the pictures of the book reflect the
meaning of the sentence. “I ate a cookie.” “I ate a banana.” “I ate a hamburger.” This
text structure most closely reflects which type of instructional approach?
A) Explicit code instruction programs
B) Multisensory structured language programs
C) Onset-rime and word families
D) Implicit code instruction programs
Which of the following techniques refers to a teacher-directed approach that assumes
students have some spelling skills and begins with teaching small units of meaningful
writing?
A) Fernald method
B) Cloze spelling approach
C) Morphographic spelling
D) Visualization approach
Which of the following words has three phonemes?
A) Ship
B) Great
C) It
D) Split
All of the following statements are benefits of consultation and collaboration EXCEPT:
A) Reduced mislabeling of students as disabled
B) Better understanding across education disciplines
C) Suitability in meeting the needs of secondary school students
D) Increased time for lesson planning
Special education teachers spend the majority of their time in general education
classrooms either monitoring the learning and behavior of target students or teaching a
large group of students (6 or more but not the entire class). Which of the following
choices is one of the less frequently occurring activities?
A) Referring student comments or questions to the general education teacher
B) Small group instruction (fewer than 6 students)
C) Individual student interaction
D) Managing behavior
All of the following choices are general guidelines to consider for actively engaging
students in learning EXCEPT:
A) Work with students to develop strategy steps that they can and will use
B) Teach prerequisite skills
C) Give vague feedback instead of explicit
D) Teach strategy generalization
Self-concept of students with disabilities is an excellent predictor of their achievement.
Which of the following choices would be the best way to increase the self-concept of
students with disabilities?
A) Keep them out of general education classrooms
B) Involve them in extracurricular activities such as sports or music.
C) Allow them to attend a school assembly
D) Place them in groups where no other students possess disabilities
Dembinski & Mauser (1977) conducted a survey of 200 families of children with
learning disabilities and results showed that families want all of the following
EXCEPT:
A) Communication without jargon.
B) Conferences to accommodate all family members.
C) Written reports about their child.
D) Daily phone calls.
According to IDEA, students with disabilities who have significant behavior problems
that interfere with their own learning or with the learning of other students must
undergo:
A) A functional behavioral assessment.
B) A complete assessment to determine the presence of learning disabilities.
C) An IQ assessment.
D) An applied behavioral analysis.
Which of the following statements about coteaching is NOT true?
A) The special education and general classroom teachers lead instruction during the
same instructional period.
B) The special education teachers work only with the special education students.
C) Complementary instruction and supportive learning activities are part of the teachers’
coplanning and instruction.
D) Most of the instructional time involves teachers working with small groups or
individuals.
List 3 of the key practices involved in scaffolding and briefly describe why each is
important.
What principles relating to learning disabilities and the use of RTI to identify them were
established by the Office of Special Education Programs in 2001?