Which of the following is TRUE about thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and meanings?
a. These dimensions operate independently, and the counselor must clarify each one.
b. Thoughts and meanings are the most important dimensions.
c. Behaviors and feelings are the most important dimensions.
d. Any change in one dimension affects other dimensions.
Discrepancies internal to the client include:
a. mixed messages observed in nonverbal client behavior.
b. incongruities between two verbal statements.
c. differences between what the client says and what the client does.
d. all of the above.
Which of the following is an enriched consequence of good nutrition?
a. Increase myelin
b. Better mental health
c. Improves cognition
d. All of the above
The focusing skill is closely related to:
a. the hippocampus.
b. the energizing amygdala.
c. selective attention.
d. non-verbal behavior.
The intentional counselor or therapist:
a. understands the importance of practice to achieve mastery.
b. is responsible for becoming competent in interviewing skills and strategies.
c. recognizes the importance of self-understanding in helping others.
d. all of the above
Instructions:Imagine that you are talking with a client about emotional child abuse.
You have just confronted the client with the following statement: “On one hand, you
say you love your child, but on the other hand you continue to put her out in the hall of
your apartment where you force her to stand in the dark. How do you put that
together?”
Classify the following client’s response using the CCS scale.
Client response: “I don’t understand what you are saying. There’s no need to put it
together. There’s no problem. That’s the way I do it.”
This client is where on the CCS?
a. Denial
b. Partial examination
c. Decision to live with incongruity
d. Development of new constructs, patterns, or behaviors
Which of the following illustrates the importance of neuroscience for counseling and
therapy?
a. Counseling can change the brain.
b. Stress has an impact on the brain.
c. Neuroscience support counseling work.
d. All of the above.
You observe an expert therapist and list the skills and concepts he or she is using.
Which level of competence is being illustrated?
a. Identification competence
b. Basic competence
c. Intentional competence
d. Teaching competence
Careful listening is one of the most powerful influencing skills. Which one of the
following statements about influencing is NOT true?
a. Paraphrasing is particularly useful when decisions need to be made.
b. Reflection of feeling is useful to feedback of mixed emotions.
c. Direct and firm confrontation helps clients identify their errors.
d. A good summary brings together many thoughts, feelings and behaviors.
Why do “why” questions often put interviewees on the defensive?
a. “Why” questions evoke a sense of being attacked.
b. As children we all experienced some form of, “Why did you do that?”
c. “Why” questions can cause discomfort.
d. All of the above.
The interviewer is demonstrating _______________________ when he/she is able to
say back accurately what the client has said.
a. basic empathy
b. additive empathy
c. subtractive empathy
d. none of the above
“Patricia, what is your concern?” Identify the stage from the five-stage dimensions of
the interview where an interviewer would most likely use this statement.
a. Stage 1: Empathic relationship Initiate the Session
b. Stage 2: Story and Strengths Gather Data
c. Stage 3: Goals Mutual goal setting
d. Stage 4: Restory Working
e. Stage 5: Action Terminating
“Virtually all consoling theories can be viewed as aiming at the ____.”
a. solving of a problem
b. organizing of a plan
c. expression of underlying emotions
d. movement toward implicit goals
In person-centered counseling, which phase may receive relatively little emphasis?
a. Story and strengths
b. Goals
c. Restorying
d. Action
Which is NOT an effective way to gain better understanding of those who are culturally
different from you?
a. Informing your clients that you will need to learn about their culture from them
during the interview.
b. Visiting Pow-wows and other cultural celebrations.
c. Shadowing or going with a friend of a different culture through the day
d. Getting to know people different from you in a personal way.
The effective helping professional plans each interview with a client. In which stage of
the interview can we begin by summarizing the client’s positive strengths and wellness
assets?
a. Empathic relationship
b. Story and strengths
c. Goals
d. Restory
e. Action
“I’m really angry right now,” said while smiling, is an example of a ____.
a. discrepancy between a verbal statement and a nonverbal behavior
b. discrepancy between what one says and what one explains
c. discrepancy between a client and a situation
d. discrepancy in nonverbal behaviors
Instructions: The questions below require you to identify what type of focus the
responder is using in the reply to the following statement.
“I’d like to buy a new car, but I’m not sure if I can afford it. The ones I have been
looking at seem terribly expensive. But then, I have a large family and could use the
space. But will they be dependable? And what about gas mileage? What do you think I
should do?”
Identify the kind of focus by its letter.
a. Person focus
b. Problem / main theme focus
c. Others focus
d. Family focus
e. Mutual issues or group focus
f. Interviewer focus
g. Cultural / environmental / contextual focus
____ “John, sounds as if you are pretty anxious about your decision.”
What is your ultimate goal as a counselor or therapist?
a. Learn counseling theories.
b. Develop good interpersonal relations.
c. Master the counseling microskills.
d. Use your acquired knowledge with your clients.
When clients talk about topics that are uncomfortable to them, one may expect all
EXCEPT which of the following?
a. Direct, angry eye contact and a more aggressive body posture
b. Shifts in eye contact patterns, body movement, and changing vocal qualities
c. Slower vocal qualities coupled with shifts in eye contact patterns
d. Hesitation and attempt to change topic
“Could you share more about that?” This is a(n) ______ question.
a. open
b. closed
In observing client nonverbal patterns, one should:
a. note the context in which the observation occurs.
b. describe the observation in clear behavioral terms.
c. separate your observation from your impression.
d. all of the above.
The neurotransmitter anandamide is important for us to know when we work with:
a. depression.
b. abusing males.
c. drug and alcohol clients.
d. stress management.
Which question opener is MOST helpful in encouraging clients to talk?
a. Could
b. What
c. How
d. Why
Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Benjamin Franklin’s problem-solving
model?
a. Establish a relationship
b. Identify the problem
c. Generate alternatives
d. Decide what action to take
“My son is perfect; he just doesn’t respect me.” This is an example of which of the
following?
a. Discrepancies in nonverbal behaviors
b. Discrepancies in verbal statements
c. Discrepancies between what one says and what one does
d. None of the above
According to the authors, the most effective self-disclosures, generally, are:
a. in the present tense.
b. in the past tense.
c. in the future tense.
d. intense.
The Stress Management and TLCs skills and strategies almost always belong in the
_______________________ phases of the session.
a. empathic relationship and story
b. story and strength and goals
c. restorying and action
d. goals and restorying
The five stages of the client interview and all problem-solving systems are based on
both ____ and ____.
a. Frank Parsons’ original decisional model; trait-and-factor theory
b. trait-and-factor theory; the “1-2-3” influencing model
c. Benjamin Franklin’s original decisional model; trait-and-factor theory
d. the “1-2-3” influencing model; Benjamin Franklin’s original decisional model
Staying with the topic is important in:
a. verbal underlining.
b. verbal tracking.
c. most non-attending responses.
d. effective vocal qualities.
Which of the following questions may help you clarify the statements of a client who
talks in abstract form with many vague generalities?
a. “Could you tell me more?”
b. “How do you feel about that?”
c. “What happened specifically? Could you give me an example?”
d. “What else?”
Which of the following best applies to Frankl’s Logotherapy?
a. Focus on the cultural / environmental / contextual issues.
b. Seek to discover how to deal with major life challenges.
c. Search for meaning wherever we can find something important.
d. Search for meanings under thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
“What are some of the strengths that you gain from your spiritual orientation?” By
using this question, how is the interviewer trying to focus the client?
a. Client focus
b. Problem or issue focus
c. Significant others
d. Cultural context / environmental
Questions are sometimes a controversial skill in the helping profession. What is your
position on the use of questions? Include specific advantages and disadvantages of
questioning techniques.
Answer:
Answer not provided.
A client has come to you asking how to handle a troublesome situation with their boss.
The boss finds your client sexually attractive and there is the possibility of harassment.
List interviewing leads of the basic listening sequence to draw out the client’s problem.
(Specifically, develop an open question, which might draw out data, etc.)
Answer:Answer not provided.
Decisions require creativity, a disciplined freedom, an openness to change, and the
capacity to envision the potential consequences of given actions.
Discuss and provide examples of possible effects of cultural differences on the focusing
skill.
Answer:
Answer not provided.
The left hemisphere is more associated with positive feelings of joy.
When clients explore meaning issues, they struggle with defining the almost
indefinable.
Define and provide an example of the following terms:
verbal underlining
selective attention
Answer:
Answer not provided.
Discuss how family issues impact the interviewing process and may provide us with a
window to multicultural issues.
Answer:
Answer not provided.
Level 1. Denial, The negative alpha solution. The client seems unable to accommodate
new data from the counselor or therapist. The client will fail to deal with the conflict or
contradiction, make an abrupt topic shift, or show a clearly incorrect “off-the-wall”
response.
Level 2. Partial examination, The more mature alpha solution. The client deals with
only a portion of the issue or counselor’s statement. The client may over-generalize,
delete, or distort what has been said, but not as seriously as in Level 1. You may find
irrational ideas and some blindness to problems.
Level 3. Acceptance and recognition, Beta solution. The client recognizes the situation
as it is and the client’s comment, feeling, or thought seems close to that presented by the
therapist, but nothing new is added by the client. This level characterizes homeostasis
or no change. Score as Beta if the client tends to describe a situation, event, or
self-picture fairly clearly, but tends to leave it there.
Level 4. Generation of a new solution, Early gamma solution. In response to the
counselor, the client moves to the creation of something new. The client has added
something that was not there before. At times, the underlying conflict may remain
acceptance of insoluble problems begins here.
Level 5. Transcendence, Full gamma solution. The client has arrived at a new
synthesis, a new way of thinking, behaving, or feeling. These are relatively rare
moments in counseling and therapy and may represent the development of useful or
important insights, the ability to engage in a truly new way of behaving, the generation
of a new ability to engage emotionally.
You will now be given a variety of counselor-client situations. The possible client
responses are in random order. Please classify each client response at one of the five
levels.
Child counseling
Counselor: “Johnnie, why did you hit Susie on the playground?”
a. “I know she’s the best student and I’m jealous. It makes me mad that I can’t do
as well. I’ll try not to do it again next time I’ll count to ten like you taught me to do
when I get angry.”
b. “I didn’t do good in math today and she laughed. I felt bad.”
c. “I hit her because she teased me.”
d. (Looks down) “She made me do it.”
e. (Defiantly) “I didn’t hit her.”
How does neuroscience support the ideas of wellness, positive psychology, and the
positive asset search?
Answer:
Answer not provided.
Feelings guide our cognitive decisions.
Instructions: Which of the following client emotional presentations are sensorimotor,
concrete, formal operational, or dialectic / systemic?
SM forsensorimotor
C forconcrete
F forformal operational
DS fordialectic / systemic
____ “Perhaps my sadness is representative of my family and cultural background. We
gave so much attention to getting along that I have real trouble in dealing with conflict.
None of us ever argued.”
Level 1. Denial, The negative alpha solution. The client seems unable to accommodate
new data from the counselor or therapist. The client will fail to deal with the conflict or
contradiction, make an abrupt topic shift, or show a clearly incorrect “off-the-wall”
response.
Level 2. Partial examination, The more mature alpha solution. The client deals with
only a portion of the issue or counselor’s statement. The client may over-generalize,
delete, or distort what has been said, but not as seriously as in Level 1. You may find
irrational ideas and some blindness to problems.
Level 3. Acceptance and recognition, Beta solution. The client recognizes the situation
as it is and the client’s comment, feeling, or thought seems close to that presented by the
therapist, but nothing new is added by the client. This level characterizes homeostasis
or no change. Score as Beta if the client tends to describe a situation, event, or
self-picture fairly clearly, but tends to leave it there.
Level 4. Generation of a new solution, Early gamma solution. In response to the
counselor, the client moves to the creation of something new. The client has added
something that was not there before. At times, the underlying conflict may remain
acceptance of insoluble problems begins here.
Level 5. Transcendence, Full gamma solution. The client has arrived at a new
synthesis, a new way of thinking, behaving, or feeling. These are relatively rare
moments in counseling and therapy and may represent the development of useful or
important insights, the ability to engage in a truly new way of behaving, the generation
of a new ability to engage emotionally.
You will now be given a variety of counselor-client situations. The possible client
responses are in random order. Please classify each client response at one of the five
levels.
Depressed client
Counselor: (To hospitalized patient) “Could you tell me what brought you to the
hospital?”
a. “I wasn’t able to get up in the morning, yet I couldn’t sleep at night and I have
all these awful thoughts. I know I scared mom.”
b. (Tearsno response)
c. “I guess mom just wanted to get rid of me.”
d. “Well, when I came here I was pretty depressed and mom was worried. But now
I’m doing a better. Last night I slept through the whole night for the first time.”
e. “Extreme depression I was immobilized. Small wonder mom brought me in.
I know now that I can’t stay home all the time and do nothing. I’m going to start getting
out and being more active.”
According to your book, awareness of yourself as a person of capability is your
foundation for growth.
Instructions: Which of the following are most likely identified as encouragers,
restatements, paraphrases, or summarizations?
E for encourager
R for restatement
P for paraphrase
S for summarization
Client: “I have been having a tough time with my sons. George has been having
difficulty in school and I have an appointment for the third time with a counselor. John
is acting up in the junior high and has been sassing his mother frequently. Yet, their
grades are OK. I wonder if they need more to do.”
Counselor responses follow. Classify the response.
____ “A tough time with your sons?”
A longer-term goal of effective counseling and therapy is the development of client
resilience.