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Chapter 12—Self-Disclosure and Feedback Immediacy and Genuineness in Counseling
and Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Interviewer self-disclosure can generate client talk and create additional trust, but caution must be
observed because _____________.
a.
clients’ rights may be abused if self-disclosure is used too early
b.
counseling and interviewing can operate successfully without self-disclosure
c.
not everyone agrees that self-disclosure is a wise skill to include among counselor
techniques
d.
all of the above
2. Following the general rule of avoiding surprises and letting the client know what is going to happen in
the session is an important ________ and builds comfort and trust.
a.
agenda item
b.
disclosure
c.
rule
d.
goal
3. Research shows that clients of counselors who self-disclose:
a.
have low trust in their counselors and frequently drop out of treatment.
b.
like their counselors, but report higher levels of symptom distress.
c.
like their counselors more and report lower levels of symptom distress.
d.
have higher levels of symptom distress and frequently drop out of treatment.
4. Which of the following is an expected result from interviewer use of self-disclosure?
a.
The client may reveal more personal detail, create trust and establish a more equal
relationship.
b.
The client will learn more about the interviewer and develop a better relationship.
c.
The client will resolve an old issue and focus on a new problem.
d.
The client may recognize the power of the interviewer and profit more from his or her
guidance.
5. "My thoughts about your disclosure..." is an opening of an interviewer statement you would MOST
LIKELY hear in which of the five dimensions of self-disclosure?
a.
Listen
b.
Self-reference
c.
Share and describe your thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
d.
Appropriate immediacy and tense
6. "Tell me more about the conflict you had with your friend..." is an interviewer statement you would
MOST LIKELY hear in which of the five dimensions of self-disclosure?
a.
Listen
b.
Self-reference
c.
Share and describe your thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
d.
Appropriate immediacy and tense
7. "I also grew up in an alcoholic family and understand some of the confusion you feel..." is an
interviewer statement you would MOST LIKELY hear in which of the five dimensions of self-
disclosure?
a.
Listen
b.
Use “I” statements
c.
Share and describe your thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
d.
Appropriate immediacy and tense
8. Which of the following is an element of appropriate interviewer self-disclosure?
a.
Related past personal life experience of the interviewer
b.
Interviewer observations, opinions, or feelings toward the client
c.
Begins with an "I" statement
d.
All of the above
9. Which one of the following does NOT belong in the five dimensions of self-disclosure?
a.
Listen
b.
Use "I" statements
c.
Call the client by name
d.
Share / describe your thoughts feelings or behaviors briefly
10. According to the authors, the most effective self-disclosures, generally, are:
a.
in the present tense.
b.
in the past tense.
c.
in the future tense.
d.
intense.
11. “I’d feel more comfortable if I weren’t the center of attention.” This is an example of:
a.
interpretation.
b.
logical consequences.
c.
self-disclosure.
d.
feedback.
12. “I’m really feeling bad right now.” This is an example of:
a.
interpretation.
b.
logical consequences.
c.
self-disclosure.
d.
feedback.
13. Self-disclosure or making self-talk relevant to the client includes all EXCEPT which of the following
dimensions?
a.
Self-disclosure must be genuine in relation to the client.
b.
Self-disclosure should be timely and not interrupt the client's point of view.
c.
Self-disclosure is effective in maintaining a client focus in the interview.
d.
Self-disclosure is most powerful when made in the present tense.
14. "Right now I feel...," is the opening of an interviewer statement you would MOST LIKELY hear in
which of the five dimensions of self-disclosure?
a.
Listen
b.
Self-reference
c.
Share and describe your thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
d.
Appropriate immediacy and tense
15. The "1-2-3" pattern of using influencing skills is best described by which of the following?
a.
Ask the client, behave in an intentional way, be congruent in your actions
b.
Attend to the client in order to understand, use the influencing skill, check-out the
consequences of your intervention
c.
Understand the antecedent, check the resultant behavior, influence
d.
Ask questions to obtain data, reflect feelings to understand, check-out the accuracy of your
skill usage
16. Which one of the following does NOT belong in the "1-2-3" strategic model for using influencing
skills?
a.
Follow an appropriate treatment plan and structure the session.
b.
Listen to the client and be sure you understand where he or she is coming from and
whether they know what to expect.
c.
Select a relevant influencing strategy, keep it brief, and time it appropriately to meet client
needs.
d.
Observe the client response to your intervention. Check-out its usefulness.
17. When you are multiculturally different from your client, which of the following is TRUE regarding
appropriate self-disclosure?
a.
Multicultural differences are fairly obvious and can be disclosed spontaneously.
b.
Frequent practice of the microskills and experience will make self-disclosure a natural part
of your interviewing style.
c.
Self-disclosure must include every aspect of your experience that the client needs to hear.
d.
The frank disclosure of differences helps establish rapport and may be essential to building
a trust relationship.
18. Which one of the following is NOT an accurate part of the process of providing good feedback?
a.
The interviewer is in charge of the feedback.
b.
Focus on something the client can do something about.
c.
Feedback should be concrete, specific, and lean.
d.
Keep your comments nonjudgmental and interactive.
19. "Your effort was in the right direction. You can do even more if we set up an assertiveness training
session for you." What kind of feedback is this statement?
a.
Vague, judgmental, negative feedback
b.
Concrete nonjudgmental, positive feedback
c.
Corrective feedback
d.
None of the above
20. When feedback is negative it is most effective if:
a.
the person can do something about the situation.
b.
it is delivered in a nonjudgmental tone of voice.
c.
it includes emphasis on strengths.
d.
all of the above.
21. "You tried to stand up for your rights in the garage and that was a start." What kind of feedback is this?
a.
Vague, judgmental, negative feedback
b.
Concrete nonjudgmental, positive feedback
c.
Corrective feedback
d.
None of the above
22. According to the authors, feedback is least effective when:
a.
it deals with one or two things at a time.
b.
it is general rather than specific.
c.
it is a check to ensure clear communication.
d.
it is asked for by the recipient.
23. Feedback is least effective:
a.
as a check to ensure clear communication.
b.
when it deals with more than two things at a time.
c.
when it is asked for by the recipient.
d.
when it is general rather specific.
24. Interviewer interpretation may provide the client with a new frame of reference. Which of the
following is MOST LIKELY an interpretation?
a.
“You’re upset and troubled.”
b.
“Sounds like you want some help right now.”
c.
“Sounds like your fear of rejection led you to seek rejection from your wife.”
d.
None of the above.
25. “I think you’re doing that just because you want attention.” This is an example of ____________.
a.
interpretation
b.
logical consequences
c.
self-disclosure
d.
feedback
26. Neurofeedback is also known as:
a.
neuropsychology.
b.
biofeedback for the brain.
c.
low voltage ECT.
d.
feedback.
27. What do biofeedback instruments measure?
a.
Cognitive functions
b.
Feeling functions
c.
Physiological functions
d.
Your thoughts
28. Which of the following is CORRECT regarding self-disclosure?
a.
Use extensive self-disclosures to ensure clients understand your communication
b.
Include as many ideas as possible to effectively help the client
c.
Return the focus to the client as quickly as appropriate
d.
All of the above
TRUE/FALSE
1. Interviewer self-disclosure is a valuable and powerful tool used frequently with great success by most
helping professionals.
2. The client may improve or change their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors based on the interviewers
feedback. This is the predicted result from effective feedback.
3. Positive feedback is the breakfast of champions.
ESSAY
1. You have worked with a client for a period of time and have come to the conclusion that action must
be taken. The client's problem is inability to study. The client has been very active socially and has a
history of being a good student. Write possible influencing skill statements for each category below.
a.
self-disclosure
b.
feedback
2. Describe the “1-2-3” Pattern. Explain the pattern and provide two examples demonstrating the pattern
in action.
3. Discuss the importance of feedback. Give examples of positive, corrective, and negative feedback.
4. Write feedback statements in the present, past, and future tenses.
5. What is your personal position on the use of influencing skills in the interview? Document and justify
your position.
