1) match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
a. increased
b. decreased
c. unchanged
d. stopped
when a blood vessel dilates, velocity of blood is ________.
2) the brief period of time between the beginning of the action potential in the muscle
and the beginning of contraction is referred to as the
a) refractory period.
b) latent period.
c) relaxation phase.
d) depolarization period.
e) repolarization period.
3) the term used to describe the amount of blood in the ventricle available to be pumped
out of the heart during the next contraction is
a) cardiac output (co).
b) heart rate (hr).
c) end-diastolic volume (edv).
d) stroke volume (sv).
e) end-systolic volume (esv).
4) what is the potential yield of atp molecules for each fadh2 molecule entering the
electron transport system?
a) 1
b) 1.5
c) 2
d) 2.5
e) 3
5) as a result of the long refractory period, cardiac muscle cannot exhibit
a) tonus.
b) treppe.
c) tetany.
d) recruitment.
e) fatigue.
6) a liposome is
a) only an additive to creams and lotions.
b) only a drug-delivery vehicle.
c) only a type of lipid.
d) only a structural component of cell membranes.
e) an additive to creams and lotions and a drug-delivery vehicle.
7) a male body builder starts taking injections of testosterone (an anabolic steroid) on a
daily basis. after three weeks, which of the following would you expect to observe?
a) increased sex drive
b) decreased levels of gnrh
c) decreased levels of lh
d) decreased levels of fsh
e) all of the observations
8) chemical digestion refers to
a) the progressive dehydration of indigestible residue.
b) the input of food into the digestive tract.
c) the enzymatic breakdown of food.
d) the absorption of nutrients in the gut.
e) the effects of chewing, churning, and segmentation.
9) movement of the cupula in the ampullae of the semicircular canals allows detection
of
a) high frequency sound.
b) low frequency sound.
c) rotational movements.
d) a change in body position with respect to gravity.
e) linear acceleration.
10) all of the structures listed below are involved in storage, except
a) lysosomes.
b) peroxisomes.
c) secretory vesicles.
d) storage vesicles.
e) all are involved in cellular storage.
11) persons who suffer from hemophilia a fail to produce a functional factor viii; as a
result,
a) they do not have a functional intrinsic pathway.
b) they do not have a functional extrinsic pathway.
c) they do not have a functional common pathway.
d) their clotting times are shorter than normal.
e) all answers are correct.
12) the nutrients that yield the most energy per gram when metabolized are
a) carbohydrates.
b) proteins.
c) fats.
d) nucleic acids.
e) vitamins.
13) in the medulla oblongata, the nucleus tractus solitarius contains the ________ of
neurons.
a) pontine respiratory group
b) ventral respiratory group
c) dorsal respiratory group
d) pre-botzinger complex
14) match the stimulus to the type of receptor that typically responds to it.
a.chemoreceptor
b.mechanoreceptor
oxygen
15) composed of units called amino acids, these can be linked into chains over 100
peptides long.
a. carbohydrates
b. lipids
c. proteins
d. nucleotides
16) acetylcholine slows the heart rate by
a) just increasing ion influx, thus increasing the rate of depolarization.
b) just increasing the permeability to ca2+.
c) just increasing the permeability to k+.
d) just decreasing the permeability to ca2+.
e) increasing the permeability to k+ and decreasing the permeability to ca2+.
17) during exercise, skeletal muscle
a) vasodilation decreases peripheral resistance to blood flow.
b) vasodilation increases peripheral resistance to blood flow.
c) vasoconstriction decreases peripheral resistance to blood flow.
d) vasoconstriction increases peripheral resistance to blood flow.
e) none of the answers are correct.
18) when a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a
cell,
a) the cell membrane becomes less permeable.
b) a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm.
c) the cell becomes inactive.
d) the hormone is transported to the nucleus where it alters the activity of dna.
e) none of the answers are correct.
19) pco2 tends to be ________ in tissues than in systemic capillaries.
20) the process by which the surface of a microorganism is covered with antibodies and
complement, rendering it more likely to be phagocytized, is called ________.
21) siegfried experiences a hemorrhage in an artery, and now blood is leaking out of the
resulting hole. his blood pressure decreases. draw a flow chart illustrating the
cardiovascular reflex responses that follow to compensate for the drop in blood
pressure.
22) nurse cameron has been asked to mix an isotonic intravenous solution for an
emergency room patient who has lost a lot of blood. the available solutes include
glucose (m.w. 180), nacl (m.w. 58.5), and urea (m.w. 60). how should she make up 10 l
of iv solution with an osmolarity of 290 mosm (isosmotic), making sure that it will also
be isotonic?
23) compare and contrast potential energy with kinetic energy.
24) continuously monitors its environment for a specific variable
25) candy bars are well known to supply large amounts of energy for metabolism. with
all this energy trapped inside, how can the candy bar sit still on the shelf in the grocery
store?
26) the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a forced expiration is called the
________.