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1) cohort effects occur when
a)participants in longitudinal studies become test-wise.
b)specific experiences influence some children but not others in the same generation.
c)participants move away or drop out of a longitudinal study.
d)participants in a research study have a special appreciation for the scientific value of
research.
2) tamineh has a history of family conflict and has experienced harsh parenting.
tamineh will probably reach puberty
a)earlier than other girls.
b)at the same time as the average girl.
c)slightly later than other girls.
d)much later than other girls.
3) lous parents give him feedback that is primarily negative or inconsistent. the chances
are high that lou
a)will become increasingly resilient with age.
b)will rely more on adults than peers to affirm his self-esteem.
c)has a relatively stable, if negative, self-worth.
d)is in need of constant reassurance.
4) a factor that promotes school attendance and achievement is
a)teachers who expect students to perform well and encourage high-level thinking.
b)the use of high-level textbooks.
c)classrooms that require few assignments.
d)placing students in ability-grouped classes.
5) in thomas and chesss research, ____ percent of children showed unique blends of
temperamental characteristics and could not be classified as easy, difficult, or
slow-to-warm-up.
a)10
b)25
c)35
d)50
6) within the moral domain, preschool and young school-age children
a)tend to reason rigidly.
b)rarely make judgments based on consequences.
c)cannot distinguish social conventions from moral imperatives.
d)tend to reason flexibly.
7) in international studies of reading, mathematics, and science achievement, students
in the united states typically perform
a)better than students in korea and japan.
b)better than students in canada and the netherlands.
c)above the international average in reading and math.
d)at or below the international average.
8) adolescents planning and decision making are
a)easy for tasks of daily life, but are undeveloped for schoolwork.
b)much improved for schoolwork, but are still difficult in daily life.
c)very effective in both schoolwork and daily life.
d)poorly developed in both schoolwork and daily life.
9) in the first few months, babies
a)master emotional self-regulation.
b)match the feeling tone of the caregiver in face-to-face communication.
c)look longer at an appropriate facevoice pairing than at an inappropriate one.
d)display empathy in most social situations.
10) when parents and coaches emphasize _______, young athletes enjoy sports more
and perceive themselves as more competent at their chosen sport.
a)championship awards
b)competition
c)scores
d)effort
