1) enriching womens diets with calcium
a)can cause miscarriages in the zygotic period.
b)helps prevent neural tube defects.
c)eliminates the risk of osteoporosis in offspring.
d)helps prevent maternal high blood pressure.
2) follow-up research indicates that by the second half of the first year, children have
formed a variety of global categories, such as animals and vehicles. these findings
challenge piagets assumption that
a)preschoolers thinking is wholly governed by appearances.
b)the emergence of language brings about representational ability.
c)preschoolers have difficulty distinguishing fantasy from reality.
d)transitive inference emerges during the concrete operational stage.
3) most 3- and 4-year-olds
a)think that violations of social conventions require magic.
b)understand that television characters are not real.
c)believe in the supernatural powers of enchanted creatures.
d)know that imagination cannot create reality.
4) although verbal aggression is always _______, ________ aggression can be either
direct or indirect.
a)indirect; physical
b)indirect; relational
c)indirect; instrumental
d)direct; relational
5) a severe famine in the netherlands during world war ii revealed that
a)the sensitive-period concept operates with nutrition.
b)malnutrition during the first trimester is not associated with miscarriage.
c)malnutrition in the second trimester is associated with large head size.
d)malnutrition during the third trimester is associated with physical defects.
6) which of the following statements about models of effective parenthood is true?
a)overall, men are more likely than women to come to terms with negative experiences
in their own childhoods and build helathier and happier relationships with their
children.
b)in most cases, people who have negative experiences in their own childhoods have
conflicted relationships with their children.
c)many people come to terms with negative experiences in their own childhoods and
build healthier and happier relationships with their children.
d)most people are unable to come to terms with negative experiences in their own
childhoods and have conflicted relationships with their own children.
7) throughout childhood, girls
a)are slightly taller than boys.
b)are slightly heavier than boys.
c)have a higher ratio of fat to muscle than boys.
d)have more baby fat than boys.
8) which of the following is true about adolescent drug abuse treatment?
a)individual, rather than family, therapy is the best treatment.
b)even comprehensive programs have alarmingly high relapse rates.
c)support-group session interventions often increase drug taking in the short term.
d)comprehensive programs that focus on individual and family therapy have modest to
low relapse rates.
9) in early childhood, on average, children add _____ inches in height and about _____
pounds in weight each year.
a)1 to 2; 5
b)1 to 2; 10
c)2 to 3; 5
d)2 to 3; 10
10) in several studies, fathers showed slight increases in ________ and ________ when
holding their newborn babies that were comparable with those of mothers.
a)oxytocin; prolactin
b)prolactin; estrogens
c)androgens; oxytocin
d)estrogens; androgens
11) aili is aware that she should attend closely to her teachers directions, group items
when memorizing, and reread a complicated paragraph to make sure she understands it,
but she does not always engage in these activities. aili is not yet good at
a)sustained attention.
b)applying memory strategies.
c)cognitive self-regulation.
d)metacognition.
12) while many high school dropouts show a persistent pattern of disruptive behavior
and poor academic achievement, a large number
a)drop out for the lure of high-paying jobs in technical fields.
b)quietly disengage from school after experiencing academic failure.
c)drop out in order to earn money to support unemployed parents.
d)are pushed out by teachers who fear repercussions from the no child left behind act.
13) jamison is impulsive and rebellious. he is also overly demanding and dependent on
adults. jamison shows minimal persistence on tasks and is not doing well in school.
jamisons parents probably have a(n) ___________ style of child rearing.
a)authoritarian
b)authoritative
c)uninvolved
d)permissive