1) Over the course of history, science has continued to evolve as new data emerge and
scientists offer new ideas to explain those data. This continuing process of change in
scientific thinking over the years best reflects the idea of:
a.information processing theory
b.individual constructivism
c.social constructivism
d.Prgnanz
2) Trudy makes an obscene gesture in class, and the teacher punishes her severely.
Other students in class observe both the gesture and the punishment. Based on social
cognitive theory, what can we guess about what those other students have learned and
how they are likely to behave in the future?
a.They dont know how to make the gesture, but they know that the teacher will punish
them severely for inappropriate behavior.
b.They know how to make the gesture, but they are likely to forget it within a few days.
c.They know how to make the gesture and are likely to make it in class in the future.
d.They know how to make the gesture, but they are unlikely to make it in class.
3) Which one of the following examples most clearly illustrates how mental set can
interfere with problem solving?
a.A few days after an argument with her boyfriend, Abigail wants to make amends, but
the boyfriend tells her that he is now dating someone else.
b.Bernadette needs to calculate the volume of a pyramid. She knows she learned the
correct formula in class, but she cant seem to remember it now.
c.Corinne is working on a jigsaw puzzle. One of the pieces to the puzzle is missing.
d.Danielles car wont start. It doesnt occur to her that she can take the bus to work
because she has always driven her car to work before.
4) Richard is studying both French and Spanish. In the same week he learns that the
French word for mother is mre and that the Spanish word for mother is madre. One day
his French teacher asks Richard, Who is married to your father? and Richard
erroneously answers, Madre. Richards memory error can best be explained in terms of:
a.decay
b.interference
c.source monitoring
d.failure to consolidate
5) Which one of the following research findings is most consistent with the concept of
core knowledge as described in the textbook?
a.Children must have basic knowledge of numbers and counting before they can master
arithmetic operations such as addition and multiplication.
b.Some motor skills are prerequisites for others; for example, children must learn how
to walk before they can learn how to run or skip.
c.Some linguistic knowledge is prerequisite to other knowledge; for example, children
must know how to read before they can learn how to write.
d.Very young infants appear to have more knowledge of the physical world than they
could have acquired from their own, limited experiences with objects.
6) As a teacher, you are concerned that many of your students are learning less than
they think theyre learning as they read their textbooks. Your best strategy would be to:
a.Have them underline or highlight at least 50% of what they read
b.Instruct them to read the book two or three times instead of only once
c.Suggest questions that they can ask themselves as they read
d.Copy difficult-to-understand sentences in their notebooks
7) Three of the following are examples of learning Which one is not?
a.Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble.
b.After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to advocate political practices he has
previously opposed.
c.Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact 24 4 = 6 is related to the
multiplication fact 6 x 4 = 24.
d.David has been running away from German shepherds ever since he was bitten by a
German shepherd two years ago.
8) To prepare for his test on Tuesday morning, Harvey studied on Monday night. He
remembered the information long enough to do well on the test on Tuesday but could
not remember it for a surprise quiz a week later. Based on this information, how far in
Harveys memory system did the information get?
a.It reached the sensory register.
b.It reached working memory.
c.It reached long-term memory.
d.It never got into the memory system at all.
9) If you were to incorporate Maslows hierarchy of needs into your teaching practices,
you would be most likely to:
a.Emphasize the importance of getting good grades
b.Remind students frequently about how their current achievements in school will affect
their success as adults
c.Make sure your students feel safe and secure
d.Focus on the use of intrinsic reinforcers (such as feeling proud) rather than extrinsic
reinforcers (such as praise) for all students
10) A teacher tells his class, For tomorrows class, read pages 23 to 49 in your
geography book. Three of the following students are demonstrating the process of
construction in their perceptions of what their teacher has said. Which student is not?
a.Anthony doesnt hear what the teacher says because his mind is on something else.
b.Bonita thinks the teacher is saying history book.
c.Christopher hears the teacher say pages 33 to 39 because the student next to him is
coughing loudly.
d.Dena understands the teacher even though the teacher speaks with a slight accent and
mispronounces the word geography.
11) Which one of the following pieces of advice is most consistent with current beliefs
about transfer?
a.Take calculus to help you develop your critical thinking skills.
b.Study German so that youll have an easier time learning Japanese next year.
c.Taking an advanced history class will help you think more abstractly about the various
subjects you will study in college.
d.Use your knowledge of algebra to simplify this chemistry equation.
12) During a lecture on World War II, Mr. Cochran tells his class about some of the
major leaders of the countries involved in the war. He then asks Kathy to identify the
leader of Great Britain during World War II, and she correctly responds, Winston
Churchill. At the time she answers the question, Kathy is exhibiting:
a.storage
b.retrieval
c.elaboration
d.proactive facilitation