1) according to the gibsons, perception is guided by the discovery of
a)failure.
b)success.
c)dynamic relationships.
d)affordances.
gametes
2) a)are formed during mitosis.
b)contain only 23 chromosomes.
c)contain 46 chromosomes.
d)determine directly observable characteristics, like eye color.
toddlers seem to discount information on video as relevant to their everyday experiences
because
3) a)people do not look at and converse with them directly.
b)they have little experience with digital media.
c)they are easily overstimulated by the fast-paced content.
d)the characters are usually unfamiliar to them.
4) younger children who are sexually abused frequently react
a)with generalized fearfulness.
b)by running away.
c)by attempting suicide.
d)with substance abuse.
5) john locke opposed the use of
a)praise as a reward.
b)negative reinforcement.
c)physical punishment.
d)any form of discipline.
6) school transitions typically lead to environmental changes that fit poorly with
adolescents developmental needs, including
a)disruption of close relationships with teachers at a time when adolescents need adult
support.
b)an emphasis on sophisticated academic collaboration during a period of heightened
self-focusing.
c)increased expectation for independent decision making.
d)lowered academic demands as students are sorted into academic and nonacademic
tracks.
7) between the ages of 2 and 6, a childs spoken vocabulary increases from an average of
______ words to an average of _________ words.
a)100; 1,000
b)100; 5,000
c)200; 5,000
d)200; 10,000
8) direct instruction in which of the following activities is most likely to accelerate
gross-motor development in early childhood?
a)throwing
b)running
c)dancing
d)tumbling
9) throughout elementary and secondary school,
a)most children fail to apply memory strategies.
b)self-regulation predicts academic success.
c)most children show a utilization deficiency.
d)most children show a control deficiency.
10) adolescents who immigrate with their family to the united states from a collectivist
culture demonstrate ________ the longer their family has been in the united states.
a)increased rejection of mainstream u.s. values
b)increased commitment to fulfilling family obligations and learning about their
collectivist culture
c)decreased ability to fit in with mainstream u.s. culture
d)decreased commitment to obeying their parents and fulfilling family obligations
11) mr. and mrs. green are financially secure and have careers that do not introduce a lot
of stress into their lives. when dealing with their teenage son, the greens will probably
a)engage in permissive child rearing.
b)provide him with too little autonomy.
c)provide him with too much autonomy.
d)find it easier to grant him the appropriate amount of autonomy.
12) test designers use __________ to identify the various abilities that intelligence tests
measure.
a)normative data
b)observational studies
c)confidence intervals
d)factor analysis
13) carter is a late-maturing adolescent boy. he is likely to report more ___________
than his on-time counterparts.
a)psychological stress
b)sexual activity
c)aggression
d)anxiety
14) as many as _____ percent of low-ses children develop some hearing loss as a result
of repeated middle ear infections.
a)5
b)10
c)20
d)30
15) which of the following statements about attachment is supported by research?
a)mothers of resistant infants tend to be overstimulating and intrusive.
b)securely attached infants often receive inconsistent care.
c)persistently depressed mothers tend to promote an avoidant attachment classification.
d)mothers of resistant infants are often unresponsive to infant signals.
16) if a child is creative, he or she is able to
a)reproduce others work with little effort.
b)come up with original, appropriate work.
c)think convergently.
d)achieve outstanding scores in a specific field.
17) which of the following is true about cultural values, laws and customs and their
effect on child maltreatment?
a)canada prohibits corporal punishment in schools.
b)no industrialized nations have yet outlawed physical punishment in the home.
c)the u.s. supreme court rejects the right of school officials to use corporal punishment.
d)societies that view violence as an appropriate way to solve problems set the stage of
child abuse.