1) in the united states, ________ are the most frequent source of injury across all ages,
ranking as the leading cause of death among children more than 1 year old.
a)birth traumas
b)infectious diseases
c)falls
d)motor vehicle collisions
2) the idea that a grammatically complex language system seems to be unique to
humans is consistent with
a)chomskys account of language acquisition.
b)the interactionist perspective.
c)the dynamic systems perspective.
d)skinners account of language acquisition.
3) in a _______________, participants are studied repeatedly, and changes are noted as
they get older.
a)correlational design
b)longitudinal design
c)cross-sectional study
d)sequential design
4) derek is chronically depressed, which means that he
a)experiences mild to moderate feelings of depression.
b)is gloomy and self-critical for many months and sometimes even years.
c)bounces back after short periods of depression.
d)is experiencing an incurable and lifelong condition.
5) which of the following is true about joining community athletic teams?
a)for most children, it is associated with increased competition and decreased social
skills.
b)among shy children, sports participation seems to foster a decline in social anxiety.
c)among shy children, sports participation often contributes to an increase in social
anxiety.
d)community sports usually allow children to naturally experiment with strategies and
rules.
6) the personal fable may help young people cope with the challenges of adolescence
by
a)discouraging reckless behavior.
b)decreasing the importance of the imaginary audience.
c)focusing attention on the opinions of others.
d)enabling them to view themselves as influential and capable.
7) studies show that children begin to prefer child-directed speech over other kinds of
adult talk at
a)birth.
b)3 months.
c)6 months.
d)12 months.
8) __________ predict(s) childrens iq scores beyond the contribution of parental iq and
education.
a)maternal age
b)family living conditions
c)provision of age-appropriate play materials
d)quality child care
9) research on punishment shows that spanking is
a)associated with a rise in behavior problems regardless of the parents child-rearing
style.
b)viewed by most caucasian-american children as a practice carried out with their best
interests in mind.
c)associated with a rise in behavior problems if parents are cold and rejecting but not if
they are warm and supportive.
d)a more effective form of discipline than time out and withdrawal of privileges.
10) western adolescents
a)celebrate the onset of puberty with a ritualized announcement.
b)are granted partial adult status at many different ages.
c)are formally initiated into adulthood through ceremonies like the quinceanera.
d)usually have an earlier transition to adulthood than those in tribal or village societies.
11) when neurotransmitters are not present in appropriate balances,
a)cognitive performance increases.
b)children may suffer serious developmental problems.
c)social adjustment improves.
d)the ability to withstand stress increases.
12) maxi used the word doll only to refer to the rag doll she carried every day. this is an
example of
a)underextension.
b)overextension.
c)telegraphic speech.
d)referential speech.
13) all u.s. states require that each newborn be given a blood test for
a)cystic fibrosis.
b)pku.
c)sickle cell anemia.
d)tay-sachs disease.
14) marisol was selected for her schools gifted program because she had outstanding
performance in mathematics. marisol scored 119 on the iq test. at marisols school, the
definition of giftedness has been extended to include
a)talent.
b)creativity.
c)high iq.
d)strong divergent thinking skills.
15) sophie used the word open to apply to opening a door, peeling fruit, and untying her
shoelaces. this is an example of
a)underextension.
b)joint attention.
c)overextension.
d)telegraphic speech.
which of the following statements is supported by research on new parenthood?
16) a)after the birth of a baby, the gender roles of husband and wife generally become less
traditional.
b)for most new parents, the arrival of a baby causes significant marital strain.
c)sharing caregiving predicts greater parental happiness and sensitivity to the baby.
d)new parents in troubled marriages usually show an increase in marital satisfaction after a
baby is born.