1) the most frequent cause of school absence is
a)oversleeping.
b)asthma.
c)the flu.
d)the common cold.
dr. staminas longitudinal study on native american personality styles was criticized
because he failed to enlist participants who adequately represented the native american
population. this limitation is known as
2) a)cohort effects.
b)selective attrition.
c)practice effects.
d)biased sampling.
3) which of the following statements is supported by research on make-believe play?
a)early make-believe is the combined result of childrens readiness to engage in it and
social experiences that promote it.
b)in cultures where make-believe play is more frequent with older siblings than with
mothers, the pretend play of toddlers is hindered.
c)most episodes of make-believe play during toddlerhood occur when children are
playing with same-aged children.
d)children are more likely to combine play schemes into complex sequences when they
are playing with agemates than when playing with caregivers.
which of the following is true about social learning theory?
4) a)it emphasizes modeling, also known as imitation or observational learning, as a
powerful source of development.
b)it maintains that behaviorism offers little or no effective explanation of the development
of childrens social behavior.
c)it is criticized because it places little emphasis on how children are influenced by the
behavior of their parents and peers.
d)it emphasizes classical over operant conditioning and relies heavily on the precise
concepts of psychoanalytic theory.
5) couples can ease the transition to parenthood by
a)being more willing to take on traditional gender roles.
b)sharing child care right after the baby arrives.
c)returning to work shortly after the baby is born.
d)imposing their parenting standards on each other.
6) which of the following is a limitation of the ethnographic method?
a)research may not yield observations typical of participants behavior in everyday life.
b)research does not yield as much information as naturalistic observations or structured
interviews.
c)commonly used research techniques tend to ignore cultural and social influences that
affect development.
d)investigators cultural values and theoretical commitments sometimes lead them to
observe selectively or misinterpret what they see.
7) considering the average growth norms, which child will probably be the smallest?
a)timmy, a caucasian-american boy
b)june, an african-american girl
c)freddy, an african-american boy
d)kim, an asian boy
8) five to 10 percent of school-age children have
a)mild mental retardation.
b)iqs above 130.
c)learning disabilities.
d)autism.
9) in which of bowlbys phases do children use requests and persuasion to alter their
caregivers goals?
a)formation of a reciprocal relationship
b)clear-cut attachment
c)attachment in the making
d)preattachment
10) two apgar ratings are given because
a)one is given by the pediatrician, and one is given by the labor and delivery nurse.
b)one score is for appearance, pulse, and grimace, and the other score is for activity and
respiration.
c)some babies have trouble adjusting at first but do quite well after a few minutes.
d)one is taken immediately after birth, and the other is taken just before the newborn is
released from the hospital.
11) which of the following consistently characterizes delinquent youths?
a)social competence
b)permissive parenting
c)low-warmth, high-conflict families
d)authoritarian child rearing
12) jade did not receive any extreme scores on peer acceptance self-reports from the
children in her class, but was not neglected either. how would jade be classified?
a)popular
b)average
c)rejected
d)controversial
13) research shows that on both hypothetical and real-life moral dilemmas,
a)themes of justice occur more often than caring.
b)males reason at a much lower level than females.
c)females actually emphasize themes of justice over caring.
d)themes of justice and caring appear in the responses of both males and females.
14) when sadie says, i goed to the store, her mother replies, yes, you went to the store.
sadies mothers response is an example of
a)fast mapping.
b)a recast.
c)an overregularization.
d)an expansion.
15) school-age children with peer-relationship problems are more likely to
a)have experienced permissive discipline.
b)come from middle-ses families.
c)have weak emotional self-regulation skills.
d)have experienced authoritative discipline.