1) damon is injected with a radioactive substance and then lies on an apparatus with a
scanner that emits fine streams of x-rays, which detect increased blood flow and oxygen
metabolism in areas of the brain as damon processes particular stimuli. damons brain
functioning is being measured using
a)an electroencephalogram.
b)event-related potentials.
c)functional magnetic resonance imaging.
d)position emission tomography.
2) obese children ________ than average-weight children.
a)eat more slowly
b)are more responsive to internal huger cues
c)are less responsive to external stimuli associated with food
d)chew their food less thoroughly
3) children who _____________ are especially vulnerable to child sexual abuse.
a)live in economically advantaged homes
b)live in homes with a constantly changing cast of characters
c)are physically strong and emotionally stable
d)are socially popular and have no disabilities
4) for most children,
a)activity in the left hemisphere increases slowly throughout early and middle
childhood.
b)activity in the left hemisphere peaks between 1 and 3 years and decreases slowly.
c)the left hemisphere shows a dramatic growth spurt between ages 3 and 6.
d)activity in the right hemisphere increases dramatically between ages 2 and 6.
5) which of the following is true about cognitive development and emotional
understanding?
a)preschoolers cannot yet predict what a playmate expressing a certain emotion might
do next.
b)young children focus on the most obvious aspect of a complex emotional situation to
the neglect of other relevant information.
c)preschoolers believe that thinking and feeling are not connected.
d)preschoolers can usually make sense of situations with conflicting cues about how a
person is feeling.
6) alfred binet and theodore simons intelligence test was developed as a way to
a)identify children with learning problems who needed to be placed in special classes.
b)accurately predict school achievement and vocational success.
c)document developmental improvements in childrens intellectual functioning.
d)measure individual differences in development as a function of race, gender, and birth
order.
7) highly involved fathers
a)tend to lose their arousing play style as their children get older.
b)tend to have fathers who were not involved in rearing them.
c)are less gender-stereotyped in their beliefs than fathers who spend little time with
their children.
d)are warmer and more sensitive than working mothers.
jada provides her baby with a healthy diet, which promotes brain growth, leading to new
connections among nerve cells, which transform gene expression. this sequence opens the
door to new geneenvironment exchanges, such as advanced exploration of objects and
interaction with caregivers. this is an example of
8) a)niche-picking.
b)canalization.
c)epigenesis.
d)range of reaction.
9) in group prenatal care,
a)expectant mothers are grouped by age, and each group is seen by an assigned
health-care provider.
b)trained leaders provide minority expectant mothers with a group discussion session
after each medical checkup.
c)expectant mothers and fathers take turns facilitating group discussions.
d)whole families are included in prenatal visits, including mothers, fathers, and siblings.
10) girls
a)run slightly faster than boys.
b)can jump farther than boys.
c)are ahead of boys in skills that emphasize force.
d)are ahead of boys in drawing skills.
11) accumulating evidence on high-stakes testing indicates that it
a)often undermines the quality of education.
b)provides motivation for upgrading teaching and learning.
c)encourages teachers to focus on more in-depth, critical thinking tasks in their lessons.
d)accurately indicates the academic abilities of students.
12) the psychoanalytic perspective emphasizes
a)normative information that represents typical development.
b)the unique history of each child.
c)stimuli and responses.
d)modeling or imitation.
13) when an unfamiliar adult picks up louisa, age 9 months, the baby begins to cry and
struggles to get down. louisa is exhibiting
a)stranger anxiety.
b)avoidant attachment.
c)insecure attachment.
d)separation anxiety.
research suggests that by itself, the dd genotype is
14) a)related to impulsivity.
b)unrelated to impulsivity, overactivity, or oppositional behavior.
c)related to overactivity.
d)related to oppositional behavior.
15) ________ influence girls height spurt and stimulate growth of underarm and pubic
hair.
a)adrenal androgens
b)estrogens
c)testosterones
d)a combination of gh and estrogen
16) spermarche occurs
a)before the height spurt begins.
b)after the peak strength spurt.
c)between ages 10 and 11.
d)before facial hair begins to grow.
17) both ________ and ________ stress changes in thinking.
a)behaviorism; social learning theory
b)cognitive-developmental theory; information-processing theory
c)ethology; psychoanalytic theory
d)dynamic systems theory; ecological systems theory
18) as infants become familiar with many types of objects, they rely more on ________
and less on _________.
a)motion; size
b)motion; shape
c)motion; surface pattern
d)object features; motion
19) rough-and-tumble play helps children form
a)a dominance hierarchy.
b)cliques.
c)a stable gender identity.
d)a stable self-concept.
20) define self-concept and self-esteem. how do they contribute to young childrens
development?
21) describe gender schema theory, and explain how it accounts for the persistence of
gender stereotypes and gender-role preferences.
22) define cognitive self-regulation. why does it develop gradually? how can parents
help foster it?
23) cynthia and todd are having marital difficulties. cynthia decides to have a baby,
hoping parenthood will improve their relationship. what advice can you offer them?
24)
describe adolescent dating. why do teenagers date? what are the positive and/or negative
consequences of dating in adolescence? how do circumstances differ for homosexual
young people?
25) how are gifted, creative, and talented students identified? what are some
characteristics they share?
26) bethany, age 3, spends, a large amount of time engaged in make-believe play. her
parents are especially concerned because bethany has a pair of imaginary mice that she
talks to and talks about. bethanys grandmother believes that this is a sign of
maladjustment. what can you tell bethanys parents and grandmother that might ease
their minds?