1) compared with preschoolers, school-age children are
a)physically less pliable.
b)physically more elastic.
c)more agile, but less able to balance.
d)stronger, but less agile.
2) baby pauls mother strokes his hair just before he eats. now when pauls mother
strokes his hair, paul begins to suck. pauls response to the stroking illustrates
a)habituation.
b)recovery.
c)operant conditioning.
d)classical conditioning.
3) once school-age children establish a dominance hierarchy,
a)aggression increases.
b)rough-and-tumble play decreases.
c)hostility is rare.
d)cheating is common.
4) why is building internet relationships so appealing to young people?
a)it allows them to anonymously engage in antisocial behavior without fear of getting
caught.
b)as teens strive for autonomy and identity, the internet opens up vast alternatives
beyond their immediate community.
c)because teens tend to be more secretive, the internet allows them a space to maintain
their private lives apart from their parents and friends.
d)the internet is an emotionally safer place to develop relationships, particularly
romantic relationships, than school.
5) the heinz dilemma is a(n)
a)classic example of an adolescent in moratorium, deliberating between two career
choices.
b)narrative used to assess adolescents understanding of social conventions.
c)example of an everyday moral conflict that young people encounter.
d)story that presents a genuine conflict between two moral values.
6) dr. mcmath is an evolutionary developmental psychologist. which of the following is
probably true about dr. mcmath?
a)he is primarily concerned with the genetic and biological basis of development.
b)he wants to understand the entire organismenvironment system.
c)he is primarily concerned with environmental influences on development.
d)he focuses on how culture is transmitted to the next generation.
7) the most rapid prenatal changes take place during the
a)period of the zygote.
b)period of the fetus.
c)period of the embryo.
d)final trimester.
8) elementary and middle school students exposed to reciprocal teaching show
a)gains in reading comprehension.
b)gains in decoding skills.
c)losses in reading comprehension.
d)losses in metalinguistical skills.
9) when asked to define bicycle, emi said, its got wheels, a chain, and handlebars. emi
is probably
a)a preschooler.
b)a first grader.
c)a sixth grader.
d)deficient in metalinguistic awareness.
10) according to rothbart, individuals differ not just in their reactivity on each
dimension but also in
a)effortful control.
b)self-concept.
c)goodness of fit.
d)interactional synchrony.
11) on a few occasions, jacks mother gave him candy to keep him quiet when she took
him to the doctors office. now every time jack goes to the doctors office, he asks his
mother for candy. this is an example of
a)classical conditioning.
b)operant conditioning.
c)observational learning.
d)modeling.
12) as a teenager, john shows higher-stage thinking on kohlbergs dilemmas. compared
with his peers, john is likely to
a)state that people should help others, but is unlikely to do so in real life.
b)help others and defend victims of injustice.
c)cheat in school just as much as other teens.
d)emphasize an ethic of care.
13) which of the following serious diseases is due to dominant alleles?
a)cooleys anemia
b)sickle cell anemia
c)huntington disease
d)hemophilia
14) in boys, the voice change
a)begins after facial and body hair emerge.
b)occurs before enlargement of the penis and testes.
c)takes place at the beginning of the growth spurt.
d)often is not complete until puberty is over.
15) dawn and richard have the economic and personal resources to care for amelia, their
preterm infant. research shows that
a)interventions are not usually needed for economically advantaged parents like dawn
and richard to promote healthy development.
b)dawn and richard will need extensive coaching in recognizing and responding to
amelias needs.
c)just a few sessions of coaching in recognizing and responding to amelias needs could
reduce amelias crying and improve her sleep.
d)dawn and richard will need comprehensive long-term, intensive intervention to meet
amelias needs.
16) emotional self-efficacy
a)enables a child to resist an impulse to engage in socially inappropriate behavior.
b)fosters a pessimistic outlook.
c)prevents a child from understanding and responding sympathetically to the feelings of
others.
d)fosters a favorable self-image.
17) ______ is/are the first depth cues to which infants are sensitive.
a)motion
b)binocular depth cues
c)pictorial depth cues
d)spatial relationships
18) fourteen-year-old per has been experiencing pubertal changes, which are now
nearly complete. per is in which phase of adolescence?
a)early adolescence
b)middle adolescence
c)late adolescence
d)emerging adulthood
19) which of the following is a major cause of the dramatic rise in fraternal twinning in
industrialized nations?
a)temperature changes
b)older maternal age
c)late fertilization of the ovum
d)variation in oxygen levels
20) most theories agree that
a)a childs morality is regulated by inner standards from birth.
b)truly moral individuals do the right thing to conform to others expectations.
c)at first, a childs morality is externally controlled by adults.
d)conscience does not begin to take shape until age 7.