1) which one of the following findings is the best evidence that genetics plays an
important role in determining intelligence?
a.identical twins raised apart have more similar iqs than fraternal twins raised together.
b.fraternal twins raised together have more similar iqs than nontwin siblings raised
together.
c.children have iqs that are more similar to the iqs of their siblings than to the iqs of
their parents.
d.children adopted from different biological parents but raised by the same adoptive
parents have fairly similar iqs as young children.
2) jonas has experienced a relatively severe right hemisphere stroke. as a result, he has
been diagnosed with hemineglect. that is, he is unable to notice anything on the left side
of his body. the location of the stroke is most likely within the:
a.frontal lobe
b.parietal lobe
c.temporal lobe
d.occipital lobe
3) morphemes are:
a.the basic sounds of a language
b.the smallest units of language that have meaning
c.equivalent to syllables
d.sounds that are similar across various languages
4) the first woman officially granted a ph.d. in psychology was:
a.mary whiton calkins
b.margaret floy washburn
c.shelley taylor
d.eleanor maccoby
5) paloma randomly assigns participants to two groups and compares the group that
receives a treatment with the group that receives no treatment. the group that gets no
treatment is the:
a.variable group
b.confounded group
c.experimental group
d.control group
6) what is the most common treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
a.clozapine
b.benzodiazepines
c.prozac
d.methylphenidate
7) according to your textbook, one study on inactivity in the prefrontal cortex and
depressive symptoms found that:
a.both placebos and active drugs increased activity in the prefrontal cortex and
alleviated symptoms of depression
b.only active drugs increased activity in the prefrontal cortex and alleviated symptoms
of depression
c.neither drugs nor placebos increased activity in the prefrontal cortex and alleviated
symptoms of depression
d.both active drugs and placebos decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex and
alleviated symptoms of depression
8) after split-brain surgery, jerad is able to verbally identify an image flashed to his right
visual field, but is unable to name the object when it is presented to his left visual field.
why is jerad able to name the objects under one condition but not the other?
a.his left hemisphere has been removed in the surgery. the left hemisphere controls the
right side of the body, and so he is unable to move his mouth to name objects.
b.his right hemisphere has been removed in the surgery. the right hemisphere controls
the right side of the head, and so he is unable to move his mouth to name objects.
c.the corpus callosum has been severed. the right hemisphere language areas are unable
to process visual information from the right eye, but are able to process visual
information from the left eye.
d.the corpus callosum has been severed. the left hemisphere language areas are unable
to process visual information from the left visual field, but are able to process visual
information from the right visual field.
9) a 2-year-old is shy and inhibited. research suggests that this child is at greater risk for
the development of _____ later in life than a child who does not display this
temperament.
a.cardiovascular disease
b.an anxiety disorder
c.bipolar disorder
d.borderline personality disorder
10) the most central goal of the positive psychology movement is to:
a.promote positive change in society, such as by advocating for peace
b.convince people that they have much in life to be grateful for
c.study and understand psychological well-being
d.train people to become positive and more effective leaders
11) sensory qualities are coded by only a few different types of receptors, each of which
responds to a broad range of stimuli. this is an example of a phenomenon called:
a.sensory coding
b.transduction
c.sensation
d.coarse coding
12) empathy is to _____ as sympathy is to _____.
a.understanding anothers emotional state and feeling what the other person is feeling or
would be expected to feel; understanding your own emotional state and feeling as you
would be expected to feel
b.understanding your own emotional state and feeling as you would be expected to feel;
understanding anothers emotional state and feeling what the other person is feeling or
would be expected to feel
c.understanding anothers emotional state and feeling what the other person is feeling or
would be expected to feel; feelings of concern, pity, or sorrow for another person
d.feelings of concern, pity, or sorrow for another person; understanding anothers
emotional state and feeling what the other person is feeling or would be expected to feel
13) according to schacter, blocking is a type of _____, whereas misattribution is a type
of_____.
a.forgetting; distortion
b.distortion; forgetting
c.forgetting; forgetting
d.distortion; distortion
14) many college students spend a year studying in another country. the country where
they are studying will often have different attitudes and practices concerning sex. a
female students sexuality is likely to be _____. a male students sexuality is likely to be
_____.
a.changed by any other culture; unchanged by any other culture
b.unchanged by any other culture; changed by any other culture
c.changed by a more conservative culture; changed by a less conservative culture
d.changed by a less conservative culture; changed by a less conservative culture
15) the restorative theory is used to explain which of the following phenomena?
a.plasticity
b.sleep
c.hormone balance
d.exercise
16) how is age related to the stability of personality?
a.children are more stable in their traits than are older adults.
b.there is some stability at any age but particularly after age 50.
c.age and personality stability are basically unrelated.
d.stability in personality traits is constant across development.
17) according to kohlberg, in which stage of moral reasoning are moral judgments
based on what is most pleasurable for the individual?
a.preconventional
b.conventional
c.postconventional
d.concrete operational
18) emotions tend to _____ thought and behavior; moods tend to _____ thought and
behavior.
a.influence; interrupt
b.interrupt; influence
c.respond to; produce
d.produce; respond to
19) which of the following questions best summarizes the modern version of the
nature/nurture question about intelligence?
a.is intelligence primarily determined by genetics?
b.is intelligence primarily determined by the environment?
c.to what extent do genes and the environment overlap in their effects?
d.what roles do genes and the environment play in intelligence?