1) fewer colds and flus, a better-functioning immune system, and reduced risk of
serious diseases, such as heart disease, can be expected from which of the following?
a.increasing the positive emotions one experiences
b.decreasing the number of people in ones social network
c.being single versus married
d.increasing ones social and work responsibilities
2) noor and ahmad, 4-year-old twins, are shopping with their mother. she offers to buy
them each a small cookie to eat while they shop or to buy them each a large toy if they
are good until she finishes shopping. noor takes the cookie, but ahmad waits for the toy.
from this behavior, you could predict that in high school noor will be _____ successful
than ahmad.
a.more
b.less
c.just as
d.either a or c
3) days after breaking his nose in a football game, ben still perceives a dull pain in his
nose. the throbbing ache travels along _____ pain fibers, which are _____.
a.slow; unmyelinated
b.slow; myelinated
c.fast; unmyelinated
d.fast; myelinated
4) a cognitive therapist would probably find it easiest to work with which of the
following clients?
a.jan, a woman who believes that she is being followed by people from another planet
b.jordan, a woman who falsely believes that she is the president of the united states
c.jouma, an extremely self-centered woman who believes that other people are
worthless and useless and that her needs are the only important ones
d.jamala, a woman who believes that she is worthless and who experiences extreme
anxiety because she worries that she is not loveable
5) a large adoption study discussed in your textbook found that antisocial behavior in
adopted males is:
a.strongly related to their same-sex siblings behavior
b.more closely related to the antisocial behaviors of their adoptive fathers than their
biological fathers
c.more closely related to the antisocial behavior of their biological fathers than their
adoptive fathers
d.related to cognitive and motivational factors and mostly unrelated to genetic factors
6) freud argued that defense mechanisms are:
a.strategies the id uses to satisfy the pleasure principle
b.mental strategies we consciously employ to deal with unacceptable sexual urges
c.unconscious strategies that the mind uses to protect itself from distress
d.strategies employed by the superego to satisfy the reality principle
7) feeling hostile and impatient is characteristic of people who are at increased risk to
develop:
a.major depressive disorder
b.heart disease
c.an immune disorder
d.an eating disorder
8) anam is studying the intelligence of a group of people as they progress through early
adulthood to old age. her approach should involve:
a.cross-sectional research
b.experimental research
c.random assignment
d.longitudinal research
9) you study spanish during your freshman and sophomore years of college, but then
take a portuguese class your senior year. you have trouble learning portuguese because
of all the spanish you learned. this effect is most likely due to:
a.proactive interference
b.retroactive interference
c.relearning
d.both b and c
10) if you wanted to conduct observational research but were concerned that the people
you observed would change their behaviors due to reactivity, you could:
a.avoid debriefing them
b.use a blinded study
c.conduct culturally sensitive research
d.rule out alternative explanations
11) xandra, a 3-year-old, has a damaged amygdala. her parents should be concerned that
she may:
a.not bond well to them
b.not experience a full range of normal emotions
c.be too willing to engage in risk-taking behaviors
d.be too friendly to strangers
12) _____ intelligence is involved in reasoning, processing novel events, and thinking
flexibly.
a.pragmatic
b.crystallized
c.fluid
d.analytic
13) which of the following characteristics is a hallmark of a good scientist?
a.open to new ideas
b.weighs the facts
c.wary of scientific findings
d.all of the above
14) a neurotransmitter that is important in muscle contraction is:
a.epinephrine
b.norepinephrine
c.acetylcholine
d.dopamine
15) counseling psychologists typically differ from clinical psychologists in that they:
a.cannot prescribe drugs
b.do not have a ph.d.
c.are less likely to deal with the mentally ill
d.work in hospital settings
16) according to this component of prospect theory, losing $100 would have a
disproportionately larger effect on utility than winning $100 would. this phenomenon is
known as:
a.the availability heuristic
b.framing
c.loss aversion
d.affective forecasting
17) a child seen playing at the beach has first poured a bucket of sand into a short, fat
container and then another bucket into a tall, thin container. when asked which
container holds more sand, the child points to the tall, thin container. this response
suggests that she is at piagets _____ stage of cognitive development.
a.formal operational
b.preoperational
c.motor
d.concrete operational
18) a study described in your textbook showed that when normal people are
malnourished for a prolonged period of time, they:
a.gain 100 or more pounds when they go back to normal eating
b.permanently stay thin and find it hard to gain back the weight they lost
c.become obsessed with food, much like people with eating disorders
d.report more positive emotions because of the positive social feedback they receive
19) which of the following statements is not accurate regarding obsessive-compulsive
disorder (ocd)?
a.people with ocd generally have a smaller caudate, with structural abnormalities.
b.electrical stimulation of brain areas involved in ocd can relieve ocd symptoms.
c.infections affecting the cerebellum are widespread in people who have ocd.
d.a severe streptococcal infection can cause symptoms of ocd.