1) during the first half of the 21st century, the adolescent population is expected to:
a.decrease.
b.increase.
c.remain constant.
d.unable to predict.
2) dr. martino argues that development proceeds in stages and that each stage is marked
by fairly consistent behavior. then, as the child’s biological development progresses and
new experiences are acquired, a shift occurs and development breaks through to the
next level. dr. martino’s view is most consistent with that expressed by the:
a.triarchic theory of intelligence.
b.information-processing perspective.
c.psychometric theory.
d.piagetian perspective.
3) the biological changes that take place during puberty can cause changes in
adolescents’ behavior in all of the following ways, except:
a.directly
b.by affecting the adolescent’s self-image
c.by affecting the reactions of others to the adolescent
d.all of these are ways in which biological changes occurring in puberty can cause
changes in adolescents’ behavior
4) kate is a black teen mom and has decided to move back to her parents’ home. which
of the following statements is not true?
a.kate is likely to stay in school
b.living with parents might actually undermine the development of kate’s parenting
skills and increase her likelihood of getting pregnant again
c.it would be best if kate lived with her parents for an extended period
d.problems in the relationship between kate and her mother can adversely affect kate’s
mental health
5) leroy plays video games not because he will win anything by doing well, or because
anyone approves of his increasing skill, but because he enjoys getting better at the
games. his behavior is an example of:
a.intrinsic motivation.
b.temperament.
c.learned helplessness.
d.extrinsic motivation.
6) across all ethnic groups, studies indicate that which of the following measures helps
students to achieve?
a.a sense of belonging to the school
b.a perceived connection between academic accomplishment and future success
c.parental monitoring of behavior and schooling
d.all of the above
7) the sexual behavior of adolescents who have talked about sex with their parents is
________ compared to the sexual behavior of adolescents who have not talked to their
parents about sex:
a.more influenced by peer pressure
b.less influenced by peer pressure
c.more influenced by drug use
d.less influenced by drug use
8) during infancy, julia formed a secure attachment with her parents. this attachment has
formed the basis for all her future approaches to interpersonal relationships. according
to attachment theorists, julia is employing:
a.a q-sort technique.
b.an intimate ideology.
c.an internal working model.
d.a social support theory.
9) according to the textbook, young adolescents with __________ also report high
levels of anxiety, tension, psychosomatic symptoms and irritability.
a.a volatile self-image
b.an aggressive parent
c.extremely low self-esteem
d.very few close peers
10) neurons are cells that carry information by transmitting electrical charges across the
body. when the electrical charge travels through a neuron, it stimulates _____:
a.the release of neurotransmitters
b.synaptic pruning
c.myelination
d.the brain to process some piece of information
11) current research suggests that sexual intercourse during the high school years:
a.has been slowly but steadily decreasing over the past decade.
b.is part of the normative experience of adolescence in america.
c.is higher among adolescents in the united states than in other industrialized countries.
d.is higher for girls than for boys.
12) the formation of synapses is:
a.almost entirely genetically programmed.
b.almost entirely formed through experience.
c.both genetically programmed and formed through experience.
d.random.
13) michelle’s parents believe in relaxed rules and guidelines. they believe that rules
and regulations will inhibit michelle’s discovery of herself as a person. in what way is
this parental philosophy not likely to affect michelle?
a.michelle will be emotionally detached from her parents.
b.michelle will be genuinely autonomous.
c.michelle will be psychosocially dependent on her friends.
d.michelle’s social life will be important to her.
14) which list correctly ranks substances used by adolescents from most to least
popular?
a.alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, inhalants
b.cigarettes, alcohol, cocaine, marijuana
c.alcohol, marijuana, cigarettes, cocaine
d.cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, inhalants
15) research studying adolescent friendship networks has found all of the following,
except:
a.more than half of the adolescents in any given school are members of cliques.
b.girls are more likely than boys to be members of cliques.
c.boys are more likely than girls to be considered “isolates.”
d.adolescents’ positions in their schools’ social network are relatively stable over time.
16) during childhood, cathy had high self-esteem. as she enters adolescence, cathy’s
self-esteem is most likely to:
a.increase.
b.remain the same or increase.
c.remain the same or decrease.
d.decrease.
17) which of the following type of autonomy refers to that aspect of independence
related to changes in an individual’s close relationships?
a.behavioral autonomy
b.psychosocial autonomy
c.emotional autonomy
d.cognitive autonomy
18) a person who obeys the rules because of a sense of social obligation is functioning
at which level of moral development?
a.principled
b.conventional
c.postconventional
d.preconventional
19) since mark was 5 years old, he has been helping his father maintain the family farm.
now, 30 years later, mark owns the farm and is teaching his own son to manage it.
mark’s brother, jeffrey, attended high school and then spent several years working at
various jobs. who had the easier transition into adolescence? how do you know this?
(hint: whose theory would best explain this transitional experience?)
20) describe a class that lev vygotsky would teach. what components would be
important in his classroom? what tactics would the teacher employ to facilitate
learning?
21) you have been asked to talk to a group of educators about sex education programs,
describing what does and what does not work. in your discussion, they’ve asked you to
address “virginity pledges” and to include a discussion of the major features of a good
sex education program.
22) your roommate is taking an anatomy class and has noticed differences in the brains
of younger and older rats. she knows ethical reasons prohibit euthanizing humans to
examine their brains, and asks you how we learn about adolescent human brains. what
can you tell her about how human brains are studied?
23) the closeness that intimacy brings to friendships also increases the likelihood of
conflict in those relationships. address the differences between close and casual
friendships in the types of conflicts experienced in both forms of friendship, differences
in conflict resolution, and differences between boys’ and girls’ conflicts with their
friends.
24) you have been asked to address a group of parents, teachers, and high school
administrators concerning the prevention and treatment of substance use and abuse.
they want to discuss what attempts have not worked (so they can avoid them), as well
as what has been effective in preventing what they see as an epidemic of drug use. what
will you tell them?
25) as you join some friends for coffee they are discussing a group of other students you
know who seem to have a problem with their identity developmentsome seem to have a
rather incoherent, disjointed, incomplete sense of who they are; one seems to have
made no exploration at all in any areas of his development and just does what his
parents tell him, which he says is fine with him; and a couple of others behave in ways
that are obviously contrary to social norms and mores. they turn to you to ask if there
are classifications to describe these behaviors and how they might have developed.
what do you tell them?
26) below is a statement from a native american adolescent. analyze the passage below
based on what you know about identity development. (hint: what would james marcia’s
theory say?
27) mathew is calm during exams and works hard on all school assignmentseven when
assignments are not going to be graded. however, his girlfriend, maria, tends to have
high feelings of anxiety in evaluative situations (especially when dealing with new
information) and often performs poorly because of this anxiety. discuss the underlying
issues you think are most likely causing these two behavioral profiles and how these
issues are related. additionally, why do you think mathew and maria have developed
these idiosyncrasies?
28) describe the extent to which intimacy with peers replaces intimacy with parents
over the course of adolescence. does it completely replace intimacy with parents, or
does it supplement this kind of intimacy?