1) Marion puts off doing a project for the science fair until she has so little time to do it
that she cannot possibly complete a good project. Such behavior is most consistent with
the concept of:
a.drive
b.trait anxiety
c.hot cognition
d.self-handicapping
2) Jeff wants to remember the twelve signs of the zodiac: Aries (ram), Taurus (bull),
Gemini (twins), Cancer (crab), Leo (lion), Virgo (virgin), Libra (balance), Scorpio
(scorpion), Sagittarius (archer), Capricorn (goat), Aquarius (water carrier), and Pisces
(fish). He does not necessarily want to remember them in any particular order.
Considering research results described in the textbook, which one of the following
techniques will maximize Jeffs chances of remembering all twelve?
a.Study the signs exactly as they are listed above.
b.Put the signs in alphabetical order (Aquarius, Aries, Cancer, etc.)
c.Put the signs in alphabetical order in terms of their English meanings (archer, balance,
bull, etc.).
d.Organize the signs into three groups: people, animals, and things.
3) Can study skills be improved through instruction? Research indicates that:
a.It is primarily high-ability students who benefit from study skills training.
b.Effective study skills do not emerge before formal operations, regardless of
instruction.
c.Study skills training programs are effective even with students in the elementary
grades.
d.Only college students truly benefit from study skills training.
4) Sociocultural theory suggests that with development, children acquire many
cognitive tools of their culture. Which teacher is most clearly applying this idea?
a.Mr. Shaw reminds his students that they can be dismissed only after they have put
away their art supplies.
b.Ms. Norquist smiles to show her approval when students listen quietly and politely
during a guest speakers visit.
c.Ms. Turiel shows students how to graph their research results so that they can more
easily see trends in the data.
d.Mr. Cabot demonstrates how to use a paper cutter safely.
5) Of the following four teachers, which one is probably presenting an ambiguous
stimulus to students?
a.Ms. Aurora asks students to raise their hand if they can find England on a globe.
b.Mr. Benedict stares at a student without smiling.
c.Ms. Cornwall says, Please take out a pencil.
d.Mr. Dalton wears a new sweater.
6) Which one of the following teachers is using the recommended approach to
evaluating students achievement in a cooperative learning situation?
a.Ms. Au has students take notes on what they are learning throughout a cooperative
learning session.
b.Mr. Baers cooperative groups turn in a research paper co-authored by all group
members.
c.Mr. Craigheads cooperative groups each elect a group captain, who explains to Mr.
Craighead what his or her group has learned.
d.Ms. Donaldson gives students a quiz over the material that groups have studied;
students get extra credit if everyone in their group scores high.
7) Frank is a good student. He attributes his success partly to studying long hours and
partly to his intelligence (High achievement runs in the family, he says). From the
perspective of attributions, three of the following statements are likely to be accurate
descriptions of Frank. Which one is probably not an accurate description?
a.He feels proud of his academic accomplishments.
b.He has high self-efficacy regarding school tasks.
c.He expects to continue doing well in school over the next few years.
d.Because he learns quickly, he relies primarily on rote learning strategies.
8) Mr. Rawlins is faculty advisor for the high school service club. He attends every
meeting, and he regularly provides the support students need to carry out their
activities. During group discussions, however, he typically sits in the back of the room
and offers advice only if club members ask for it or if he thinks the clubs planned
activities are in some way inappropriate. In taking this approach, Mr. Rawlins is most
likely to:
a.Promote debilitating anxiety
b.Decrease club members sense of competence
c.Enhance club members sense of self-determination
d.Reduce club members interest in public service
9) Which one of the following teaching strategies is most likely to promote resilient
self-efficacy?
a.Ms. Angelotti has her students pronounce Comment allez vous? over and over until
they can do so correctly.
b.Mr. Benavidez makes sure that failure never occurs in his classroom; he limits his
students assignments to tasks he knows they can do easily and effortlessly.
c.Mr. Coffin has students in a woodworking class use only hand tools while building a
bookshelf.
d.Ms. Davis assigns a variety of challenging math problems, knowing that her students
will successfully solve most, but probably not all, of them.
10) Which one of the following is the best example of a mediated learning experience?
a.Mr. OBrien insists that students sit quietly at their desks before she dismisses them for
lunch.
b.Mr. James reflects on the lesson he taught earlier in the day. I suspect that most of my
students still dont understand the concepts I was trying to teach them, he thinks.
c.Mr. Lucas asks his students to read Chapter 5 in their textbooks over the weekend.
Youll find that the chapter is more challenging than previous ones, he says.
d.As Ms. Robinson takes a group of children hiking, she gathers leaves from maple,
oak, and elm trees and points out the ways in which the leaves from the trees are
distinctly different.
11) Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) has several advantages over
noncomputer-based programmed instruction (PI). Which one of the following is not an
advantage of CAI over PI?
a.CAI provides immediate reinforcement, whereas PI does not.
b.CAI allows the use of videos and other moving graphics.
c.CAI allows for the collection of data regarding the progress of each student.
d.CAI is often found to be more effective than traditional instruction; PI is typically no
more effective than traditional methods.
12) Given a tennis ball, racket, and standard tennis court, the student will demonstrate
reasonable accuracy in serving the ball into the opponents court. This objective is
missing one of the three components of behavioral objectives. Which component is
missing?
a.The method of instruction
b.An observable and measurable behavior
c.The criterion for judging acceptable performance
d.The conditions under which the behavior should be exhibited
13) Bandura proposes that three of the following conditions are necessary for modeling
to occur. Which one is not necessary?
a.Motivation to perform the behavior
b.Memory of the observed behavior
c.A relatively stress-free environment
d.Attention to the model
14) Which one of the following best describes contemporary theorists perspective on
classical conditioning?
a.Cognitive factors, such as mental representations of stimuli and predictions that
organisms make, must often be considered in addition to observable stimuli and
responses.
b.Despite Pavlovs early findings to the contrary, higher-order conditioning and sensory
preconditioning seldom occur.
c.Classical conditioning typically occurs only in conjunction with operant conditioning;
for example, conditioned stimuli elicit conditioned responses only when those
responses are followed by reinforcement.
d.Classical conditioning occurs primarily in artificial laboratory conditions; it rarely
occurs in more naturalistic, real-life settings.
15) In which one of the following situations does a teachers behavior reflect low
expectations for a students classroom performance?
a.Ms. Littlefield assigns Owen a difficult math problem.
b.Mr. Oya frequently engages Ren in conversation before class.
c.Ms. Ingalls rarely gives Joseph any feedback about his performance.
d.Mr. Montoya gives Mei-Yau many opportunities to answer questions in class.
16) Three of the following teaching strategies should enhance students sense of
self-determination. Which one is unlikely to do so?
a.Describing desired classroom behaviors in an informational manner rather than as
what students must do
b.Suggesting study strategies that can help students learn classroom subject matter more
effectively
c.Giving students occasional choices about how to accomplish classroom objectives
d.Making students well aware that you always know what theyre doing and how well
theyre doing it